AP Euro Final Chapter 15
Who was Prester John?
A mythical Christian king in Africa believed to be a descendant of one of thr tree kings who visited Jesus after birth
How did Michel de Montaigne offer a counterpoint to Europe's growing imperial activities?
Montaigne rejected that Christianity could not be taught to non-Western people
How did the introduction of Ptolemy's Geography mislead European cartographers?
Ptolemy asserted that the world was much smaller than it actually is, indicating that Asia was not far removed from Europe to the west
How did the Spanish respond to the trap set by the Inca king Atahualpa?
The Spanish ambushed and captured Atahualpa, holding him for ransom and then executing him
How did the Spanish monarchy seek to maintain its control over its colonies?
The monarchy established intendants with broad administrative and financial authority who were responsible directly to the monarchy
How did justifications for slavery change from the fifteenth to the eighteenth century?
Arguments supporting slavery began to focus more on science and nature and less on religion
How did French colonies respond to the problem of the low migration levels from France?
Colonial officials encouraged French traders to form ties with and marry native women
What became Cortes's crucial advantage in his conquest of the Mexica Empire?
Cortes was able to exploit internal dissention within the Mexica Empire
How did English colonies differ from other major European colonies in their treatment of African women?
English master rarely freed the children that they fathered with female slaves
How did the Europeans initially justify the enslavement of Africans?
Enslavement benefited the Africans by bringing Christianity to them
Which of the following best characterizes the role of Europe in the world trading system prior to the voyage of Columbus? * Europe was the major western node of the trading system that produced high-quality textiles and metalwork desired by others * Europe provided the banking and financial services that sustained the world trading system * Europe served as the most important market for products because it produced few goods * Europe was a minor outpost that produced few products desired by other civilizations * Europe was the major supplier of raw materials that were shipped to other regions to be worked into final products
Europe was a minor outpost that produced few products desired by other civilizations
When Vasco da Gama arrived in the Indian Ocean, how did he navigate these unknown waters?
He hired an Indian pilot as his guide
According to his agreement with the Spanish Crown, what rewards would Columbus receive if he found a water route to Asia?
He would be named viceroy over all Spanish colonies and receive one-fifth of all revenues derived from lands he discovered, in perpetuity
Bartolome de Las Cases asserted that the...
Indians had human rights
What did Columbus believe he had found when he arrived in the Caribbean?
Islands off the coast of Japan
Who resisted the efforts of the Portuguese to establish themselves in the Indian Ocean trade?
Muslim-controlled port cities
After losing access to slave trading from the Black Sea, Genoese obtained all of the following as slaves except... * Muslim prisoners * Jewish refugees from Spain * Canary Islanders * black Africans * Portuguese peasants
Portuguese peasants
Portugal's participation in European expansion was given critical support by...
Prince Henry
In chronological order, what were the three successive commercial empires established by Europeans in the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth centuries?
The Portuguese, the Spanish, and the Dutch
How did the encomienda system function?
The Spanish Crown granted conquerors the right to employ or demand tribute from groups of Native Americans in exchange for providing food and shelter
How did Magellan's circumnavigation of the globe affect Spanish colonization?
The great distance of the Pacific convinced the Spanish to abandon efforts to trade in Asia and develop their American colonies instead
What was the primary cause of the emergence of inflation in Spain in the sixteenth century?
The inability of Spanish agriculture and manufacturing to meet the growing demand for goods
How did the English and French seek a route to East Asia?
They sought a Northwest Passage across North America
How did Portuguese merchants obtain most of their slaves in Africa?
They traded for slaves with local leaders
Shakespeare's history plays, such as Richard II...
expressed an English national consciousness
The motivations for European explorers included all of the following except... * material profit * population pressure * crusading zeal * Renaissance curiosity * fear of the Black Death
fear of the Black Death
The group of people who benefited the most from large prices increases in the sixteenth century was the...
middle class
Settlers from the Massachusetts colony dispersed into new communities such as Connecticut and Rhode Island because...
of religious disputes among the colonists
At the time of his death, Columbus believed the islands he found were...
off the coast of Asia
In the seventeenth century, the Dutch East India Company...
took over much of the East Indies from Portugal