AP Gove Unit 7

liberal

open to new behavior or opinions and willing to discard traditional values.

Monetarism

the belief that inflation occurs when too much money is chasing too few goods

Conservative economist Milton Friedman favored using ________ policy to regulate the economy.

monetary

When it comes to social issues such as abortion and same-sex marriage, ________ voters tend to be more conservative.

older

political ideology

the coherent set of values and beliefs about the purpose and scope of government held by groups and individuals

Communitarianism developed primarily as a reaction to

the hyper-individualism of libertarianism

Elected officials are most likely to be responsive to public opinion when

the issue is of particular importance to a large segment of the public

The framers of the Constitution did not want public policy to follow public opinion all of the time because

they feared that too much attention to public opinion would lead to "mob rule"

In the modern United States, conservatives generally

support free market

conservative

A person who believes government power, particularly in the economy, should be limited in order to maximize individual freedom.

Gideon v. Wainwright

A person who cannot afford an attorney may have one appointed by the government

Which of the following would NOT be an example of a member of the political elite?

A registered democrat who votes in every election.

UC Regents v. Bakke

Alan Bakke and UC Davis Medical School; strict quotas unconstitutional, but states may allow race to be taken into account as ONE factor in admissions decisions. Bakke admitted.

Which of the following scenarios represents a shift in American public opinion?

America did not join the League of Nations, but did join the United Nations.

free market

An economic system in which prices and wages are determined by unrestricted competition between businesses, without government regulation or fear of monopolies.

Libertarianism

An ideology that cherishes individual liberty and insists on minimal government, promoting a free market economy, a noninterventionist foreign policy, and an absence of regulation in moral, economic, and social life.

Which of the following is an example of explicit political socialization that occurs in most public schools in the United States?

Children are taught to recite the Pledge of Allegiance.

Keynesian economics

Economic theory that government spending should increase during business slumps and be curbed during booms.

Which of the following is true of the relationship between public opinion and public policy?

Elected officials are most responsive to public opinion on particularly salient issues.

To deal with a rising illegal drug problem, a conservative would most likely favor which policy?

Impose harsh punishments for drug offenses to discourage people from using or selling drugs.

Which of the following groups would be MOST opposed to an expansion of social welfare programs?

Libertarians

Why is it difficult to categorize Americans based on their political values and beliefs?

Most people's beliefs aren't wholly liberal or conservative.

With which one of these statements would a libertarian economist most likely agree?

The economy is strongest when it is governed by the free market.

Which of the following government actions would be considered an application of Keynesian policy?

The federal government invests billions of dollars in infrastructure improvements in order to create construction jobs.

Which of the following statements regarding social policy would a liberal most likely support?

The government has the responsibility to take care of its citizens.

McDonald v. Chicago

The right of an individual to "keep and bear arms" protected by the 2nd Amendment is incorporated by the due process clause of the 14th Amendment and applies to the states.

Which of the following historical events most likely generated the greatest ideological shift in American political culture?

The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.

Which of the following is NOT a common reason that elected officials might ignore public opinion on particularly salient issues?

They recognize that few people will pay attention to what they actual do.

With which of the following statements would a liberal economist most likely agree?

We can increase aggregate demand if we are willing to spend more money than we take in.

Plessy v. Ferguson

a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal

Someone who favors limited government, but still expects individuals to make sacrifices and take responsibility for the community would most likely agree with

communitarians

An individual who supports private education over public education and opposes tax increases is most likely

conservative

The social welfare reforms of the 1990s can best be described as

conservative

In the political culture of the modern United States, the differences between ideologies of liberalism and conservatism are BEST characterized as

differing attitudes towards the role of government

supply-side economics

economic growth can be most effectively created by lowering taxes and decreasing regulation

Communitarian

emphasizes the connection between the individual and the community

Gitlow v. New York

established selective incorporation of the Bill of rights; states cannot deny freedom of speech; protected through the 14th amendment

The most common source of an individual's political beliefs and values is

family

While monetarists believe in using monetary policy to regulate the economy, Keynes believed in using ________ policy, or taxation and spending.

fiscal

Recent evidence suggests that family influence on political ideology includes not only political socialization but also

genetic predispositions

Which of the following core values best aligns with conservative ideology in the modern United States?

individual liberty

The introduction of Medicare and Medicaid in the 1960s was made possible by support from President Johnson and a ________ Congress.

liberal

The reforms brought by Franklin D. Roosevelt and Lyndon B. Johnson during their presidencies were most aligned with ________ ideology.

liberal

Individuals who came of age in the 1960s are more likely to be ________, while individuals who came of age in the 1980s are more likely to be ________.

liberal; conservative

The economic views of John Maynard Keynes are most likely to be supported by

liberals

The Great Depression and New Deal impacted the ideology of many Americans by

making them more open to government intervention

political elites

people with a disproportionate share of political power

Which of the following priorities best aligns with liberal ideology in the modern United States?

promoting social justice

When Congress enacted the USA Patriot Act of 2001, and stood by it in the face of significant public opposition, this was most likely in an effort to

protect national security

When federal troops escorted the "Little Rock Nine" into Central High School in 1957, the federal government overrode public opinion primarily in order to

protect the individual rights of a minority group

In speaking of American Democracy, Alexis de Tocqueville warned of the "tyranny of the majority." In the context of public policy, this means that

public opinion should not override the rights of minorities in public policy formation

If someone supports a "single-payer" healthcare system, in which all health care providers are employed by the government, that person is likely a

socialist

The Tax Reform Act of 1986 was most in line with ________ economic theory.

supply-side

Which economic theory would a libertarian policy maker most likely support?

supply-side economics

In recent decades, all of the following have declined as popular sources for political news except

the Internet