AP Government & Politics Mrs. Ivkovich Midterm (Part 3/5)

Which amendment of the United States Constitution might a Supreme Court Justice reference when deciding on a case that they believe would otherwise grant Congress too much authority over the states? -15th -1st -10th -13th

10th

What is federalism? -A system in which the power is distributed to individuals without a central government -A system that divides power between the state and national governments -A system where the state governments have most of the power -A system in which the central government has all of the power over the states

A system that divides power between the state and national governments

Which of the following is an accurate comparison between the interpretations of federalism? DUAL FEDERALISM V. DEVOLUTION: A.) The mixing of power between federal, state, and local government/The giving back of power to the states B.)Mandates/Block Grants C.) Each government sovereign in its own realm/Block Grants to the states to give them more control D.) McCulloch V. Maryland/ Barron V. Baltimore A B C D

C

South Carolina passed a law to increase the state tax on gasoline to help fund repairs on highways and bridges. The state tax is in addition to the federal tax on every gallon of gasoline that is sold. Which of the following constitutional provisions does this scenario illustrate? concurrent powers delegated powers expressed powers reserved powers

Concurrent Powers

What type of federalism is metaphorically referred to as "marble cake" federalism? cooperative federalism dual federalism fiscal federalism new federalism

Cooperative Federalism

Someone who believes that the authority of Congress may be greatly expanded to fulfill its duties listed in the Constitution would likely -oppose the decision made in McCulloch v. Maryland -oppose the expansion of the commerce clause. -disagree with the decision made in United States v. Lopez. -support the equal balance of state and federal governments.

Disagree with the decision made in United States v. Lopez

Which of the following constitutional principles most directly addresses the relationship between the national and state governments? Separation of powers Federalism Popular sovereignty Checks and balances

Federalism

According to the pie chart, which of the following is the largest contributor to state revenue? State General Revenue- FY 2010 Miscellaneous taxes Intergovernmental grants Income taxes Sales taxes

Intergovernmental grants

Which of the following is the best example of a categorical grant? -Money given for the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families -Money given directly to private business for economic development -Money given to states for special education programs -Money given to states unconditionally

Money given to states for special education programs

Which Supreme Court case first recognized the legality of same-sex marriage? -Gonzales v Raich -Loving v Virginia -Obergefell v Hodges -US v Lopez

Obergefell V. Hodges

Suppose that in an upcoming presidential election, a state that historically votes Democratic has decided to leave the Independent candidate off the ballot. This is an example of the state exercising it -implied powers -concurrent powers -reserved powers -expressed powers

Reserved Powers

Arizona enacted an immigration law in 2010, claiming the legislation complemented existing federal law. The Obama administration disagreed, claiming the state law conflicted with national law. Which clause of the Constitution did the Supreme Court most likely use to strike down a section of the state law? -Supremacy Clause -Elastic Clause -Full Faith and Credit Clause -Commerce Clause

Supremacy Clause

The doctrine of implied powers is based on which clause of the Constitution? -The Elastic Clause -The Commerce Clause -The Supremacy Clause -The Privileges and Immunities Clause

The Elastic Clause

Which of the following best defines the constitutional interpretation of federalism? -The federal government and the states each have separate and mutually exclusive roles and responsibilities; neither controls the other. -The federal government and the states have separate but overlapping powers; where these powers conflict the federal government prevails. -The states may only exercise those powers delegated to them by Congress -The federal government may exercise only those powers specifically enumerated in the Constitution

The federal government and the states have separate but overlapping powers; where these powers conflict the federal government prevails

Which part of the Constitution did Chief Justice John Marshall cite in justification of the Supreme Court decision in McCulloch v. Maryland? -The privileges and immunities clause -The necessary and proper clause -The commerce clause -The full faith and credit clause

The necessary and proper clause

The following questions refer to the following excerpt from a United States Supreme Court decision. "We are unanimously of opinion, that the law passed by the legislature of Maryland, imposing a tax on the Bank of the United States, is unconstitutional and void...This is a tax on the operation of an instrument employed by the government of the Union to carry its powers into execution. Such a tax must be unconstitutional..." Which of the following resulted from this Supreme Court decision? -Congress alone was given the power to charter banks. -The power of the national government was strengthened -Congress was given the power to coin money. -The power of state governments to tax individual citizens was clearly limited.

The power of the national government was strengthened

Which of the following would be an exclusive power of the federal government, according to the infographic above -To establish a 911 service for police and fire protections -To create a process to gain citizenship -To oversee elections for public office -To approve amendments

To create a process to gain citizenship

Many scholars argue that categorical grants-in-aid do which of the following? -Broaden state power beyond that outlined in the Constitution -Weaken the power of state governors and state legislators -Give states far too much power over national monies -Give new life to the idea of dual federalism

Weaken the power of state governors and state legislators

Suppose the federal government has just passed a law that will require all public schools to provide students with enclosed lockers that students can lock with a padlock. The federal government is requiring states to implement this policy with their own funds, making it -a block grant -an unfunded mandate -a violation of fiscal federalism -a categorical grant

an unfunded mandate

Which of the following forms of financial aid from the national government gives the states the broadest discretion in the spending of money? block grants formula grants project grants categorical grant

block grants

The belief that having separate and equally powerful levels of government is the best arrangement is called -cooperative federalism -dual federalism -new federalism -fiscal federalism

dual federalism (also referred to as "layer cake" federalism)

The supremacy clause in the Constitution states that: -only Congress may declare war the federal government has the right to regulate interstate commerce -the Supreme Court has the power to overturn decisions of lower courts -federal law takes precedence over state law when the laws conflict

federal law takes precedence over state law when the laws conflict

In 1970, President Richard Nixon attempted to reduce the authority of the national government by -decreasing the amount of devolution -funding policies with block grants -increasing revenue sharing -providing more categorical grants

funding policies with block grants

Federally exclusive powers can be defined as powers that are: -not granted to the national government and are thus retained by the states -granted only to the national government and not to state and local governments -enumerated or expressed powers granted to the federal government by the Constitution -not listed in the Constitution outright but are necessary to carry out those that are

granted only to the national government and not to state and local governments

A prominent example of the process of returning more of the responsibilities of governing from the national level to the state level is -welfare reform -immigration reform -interstate commerce reform -campaign finance reform

welfare reform