AP hug theme 2
Population patterns shown indicate that areas around river deltas and upland lake and river valleys have higher densities. What best explains why these regions are more heavily populated?
These regions have higher carrying capacities (These regions have higher carrying capacities because of their proximity to reliable freshwater sources. Upland lakes, and river deltas can support larger human populations because they provide a form of transportation, reliable access to water for daily needs, and a source of water for agricultural practices.)
Which of the following scenarios explains a demographic push factor for less developed countries?
A large youth population, lacking educational opportunities, seek schooling in more developed countries (A large youth population indicates that a country may struggle to control its demographic challenges, which could lead to too many people in relation to available seats in local schools).
A population pyramid that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom most likely represents which of the following populations
A population of retirees (An "inverted" population pyramid that is very wide at the top and very narrow or pointed at the bottom most likely represents an age-restricted community limited to older adults).
Which of the following statements best explains the trend about infant mortality shown in the bar chart?
The trend can be explained by improved health care and nutrition in all regions (Improved access to health care and nutrition impacts the time period before, during, and after pregnancy and therefore has the most significant impact on the decline in infant mortality rates).
In 1980 China implemented an antinatalist one-child policy. Which of the following explains an unintended consequence of the policy?
There are more men than women because of a cultural preference for male children (The one-child policy has not resulted in a larger female population. Rather, the male population in China is much higher than the female population due to a cultural preference for male children).
A high level of mobility for international migration and employment is best explained by which of the following demographic groups?
Unmarried men in their late twenties with no children and a university education (Single and childless people are more likely to migrate than married people or people with children. Men are more likely to migrate internationally than women. Young people are more likely to migrate than older people. A college education gives an individual more options than a high school education).
replacement rate
the total fertility rate needed for a population to replace itself (2.1 children per woman)
Based on the diagram of the demographic transition model, which of the following correctly describes the expected population change over time?
As birth rates are higher than death rates, population growth remains high (According to the demographic transition model, population growth occurs when birth rates are higher than death rates).
Bangladesh has seen its total fertility rate drop to 2.1, but its population is projected to be higher in 2050 than it is today. Which of the following explains why Bangladesh will continue to experience positive rates of natural increase?
Bangladesh's population will continue to grow as a result of a large youthful population (Bangladesh has achieved replacement rate fertility but due to the high number of young people will continue to see growth until after 2050 as the large youthful population ages and produces a generation larger than some of the older adult populations).
Which of the following explains how data from the population pyramid for Spain would be useful for government policy makers?
Data on the size of the middle-aged population would be used to plan for retirement and social security benefits (Population pyramids convey information about the population's age distribution and trends in birth and death rates; therefore, data on the size of the middle-aged population would be useful in planning for retirement and social security benefits).
Immigration of asylum applicants from Africa to the European Union, Norway, and Switzerland increased from approximately 50,000 in 2010 to approximately 200,000 in 2016. In 2017, there were approximately 175,000 asylum applicants. Which of the following best explains the trend in asylum seekers from African countries to Europe since 2010?
Political instability and conflict along with high fertility levels over the long term has led to an increase in asylum seekers (Insecure political situations and high fertility rates leading to competition for available jobs have acted as push factors in African countries and created the general increase).
Which of the following best explains an effect of migration within the United States between 1950 and 2010 ?
The mean center of the population of the United States shifted to the South and West as workers migrated to areas with more jobs and a warmer climate (Manufacturing jobs moved from the industrialized North to areas in the southern United States beginning in the 1950s and increasing at a rapid rate throughout the early 2000s. Workers migrated to these areas for jobs and for the warmer climate, shifting the mean population center of the United States to the South and West).
Which statement best explains an environmental impact of China's population distribution?
The population distribution shown requires more intensive use of limited soil and water resources to increase the carrying capacity of agricultural land (China's large urban population and increasing urban expansion into available agricultural land place higher demands on increasingly limited soil and water resources. This requires more agricultural inputs, such as pesticides and fertilizers, to increase the carrying capacity of the land)
Which pattern is indicated by the population pyramid shown?
The population has a high total fertility rate (Given the high population growth rate of this country indicated by the population pyramid's wide base, it is likely that this country has a high total fertility rate).