AP Hug unit 2

Immigration of asylum applicants from Africa to the European Union, Norway, and Switzerland increased from approximately 50,000 in 2010 to approximately 200,000 in 2016. In 2017, there were approximately 175,000 asylum applicants. Which of the following best explains the trend in asylum seekers from African countries to Europe since 2010?

Political instability and conflict along with high fertility levels over the long term has led to an increase in asylum seekers.

Which of the following is the best describes an example of transhumance?

Shepherds in France who move their sheep to mountain pastures each summer

Neo-Malthusian theory can be used to explain which of the following situations?

South Sudan experienced famine during the twenty-first century as a result of war and drought.

Which of the following best explains an effect of migration within the United States between 1950 and 2010 ?

The mean center of the population of the United States shifted to the South and West as workers migrated to areas with more jobs and a warmer climate.

A country develops new technologies for farming, which help stabilize and increase food supply. According to Malthusian theory, which of the following would best explain those results?

The new technologies would reduce positive checks on population.

In 1980 China implemented an antinatalist one-child policy. Which of the following explains an unintended consequence of the policy?

There are more men than women because of a cultural preference for male children.

Which of the following scenarios explains a demographic push factor for less developed countries?

A large youth population, lacking educational opportunities, seek schooling in more developed countries.

A population pyramid that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom most likely represents which of the following populations?

A population of retirees

Japan has a low birth rate and a high life expectancy. Which of the following explains why Japan will struggle with demographic challenges in 30 years?

An aging population needing health care will require more public funding.

From 2010 through 2017 there was a large increase in the number of migrants from Africa to Europe. Which of the following explains a possible impact on the emigrant countries of origin during and after that time period?

As more emigrants sent money home, the influx of money created an economic boom in the countries of origin.

Which of the following processes best explains a decrease in mortality rates worldwide?

Better hygiene and sanitation practices

Which of the following describes forced migration?

British convicts shipped to Australia in the mid-eighteenth to mid-nineteenth centuries

Which of the following population patterns is common in more developed countries?

Declining levels of fertility and mortality, leading to older age structures

South Korea, as of 2018, has the lowest total fertility rate in the world at 1.1. Which of the following best explains a population policy South Korea could enact to promote higher birth rates?

Decreasing the cost of childcare so that families can afford to have more children

A high level of mobility for international migration and employment is best explained by which of the following demographic groups?

Unmarried men in their late twenties with no children and a university education

Malthusian theory would explain which of the following possible consequences of high birth rates in a less developed country?

Famine and starvation will occur as demand outpaces agricultural production.

Which of the following explains an impact of open-border policies regarding migration within the European Union?

Growing political tensions as immigration increases, due to competition between immigrants and local people for available jobs

Many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have total fertility rates that exceed 5.0. Which of the following population characteristics is associated with this phenomenon?

High youth dependency ratio

A large number of Turkish people migrated to Germany in the 1960s, when West Germany's manufacturing economy was booming and Turkey's economy was predominantly agricultural. Which of the following best describes Turkish migration to Germany?

Voluntary guest workers

Many European countries provide families one or more of the following: tax credits, flexible parental leave, monthly payments, public-transportation fare reduction, free vaccines, and subsidized childcare.

Belgium has concerns about an aging population and wants to encourage higher birth rates.