ap psych review
Damage to the cerebellum would most likely result in which of the following problems?
A loss of motor coordination
The Barnum effect in psychological assessment refers to
the tendency of individuals to accept vague personality descriptions as accurate
Brain damage that leaves a person capable of understanding speech but with an impaired ability to produce speech most likely indicates injury to which of the following?
Broca's area
Which of the following structures is most closely associated with communication between the central nervous system and the endocrine system?
Hypothalamus
Which of the following is true of the reticular activating system?
It regulates levels of arousal.
Neurotransmitters are typically stored in which of the following parts of a neuron?
The terminal buttons
Damage to which of the following best explains conduction deafness?
hammer, anvil, and stirrup
In the dark, an object is more clearly seen when viewed in peripheral vision than when viewed directly. This phenomenon occurs because the rods located in the retina are
more sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea
The first area of psychology to be studied as a science is known as
psychophysics
After listening to a radio station play the same set of songs every three hours, Ivan grows to like them. Ivan's reaction can be best explained by
the mere exposure effect
Which of the following correctly describes the firing of neurons?
An all-or-none response
During her psychotherapy sessions, Justine finds that her therapist often paraphrases what she has said, asks for clarification, and seems to understand her feelings. The therapist's approach is most consistent with that of
Carl Rogers
Which of the following psychological approaches suggests that jealousy might serve an adaptive function in protecting a sexual relationship from threats?
Evolutionary
Steve's cat used to run away from loud music. Over time the cat stopped running away from the sound. Which of the following processes has occurred?
Habituation
According to social psychologists, which of the following characteristics makes two people LEAST likely to develop a lasting romantic relationship?
Having very different personalities
Janie is successful with word games that require her to create words out of a series of letters. Which of the following combinations most likely contributes to her success?
Linguistic intelligence and heuristics
Which of the following is brain-imaging technique that produces the most detailed picture of brain structure?
MRI
Which of the following is a disease in which the immune system attacks the myelin of neurons in the central nervous system?
Multiple sclerosis
Which of the following provides information regarding brain function by monitoring the brain at work through metabolism of glucose?
PET scan
Which of the following are involved in regulating circadian rhythms?
Photoreceptors, hypothalamus, pineal gland
Which of the following methods best limits the influence of unknown variables in an experiment?
Random assignment
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the neural chain of events set in motion by an environmental stimulus?
Receptors, afferent neurons, interneurons, efferent neurons, effectors
Which of the following is a binocular cue for depth perception?
Retinal disparity
Which of the following describes the correct order of information processing in vision?
Rods and cones→bipolar cells→ganglion cells→optic nerve
Which of the following is most likely to be used as evidence against the concept of g ?
Savant syndrome
Which of the following is NOT a product of learning?
Squinting in bright light
Which part of the nervous system is most immediately activated by sudden fear?
Sympathetic
Which of the following occurs when a neuron is stimulated to its threshold?
The movements of sodium and potassium ions across the membrane creates an action potential.
According to the diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia, which of the following is true of a person with a genetic predisposition for developing schizophrenia?
The person has an increased likelihood of developing the disorder during a period of major life changes.
practical intelligence sternberg
ability to use, apply, implement, and put ideas into practice
the phi phenomenon
an illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in quick succession
Which of the following allows the examination of living brain tissue visually without performing surgery?
computerized zcial tomography
cerebellum
controls fine motor skill like balance. recieves messages involved w vestibular sense.
Samuel became ill after eating pepperoni pizza and refuses to eat it now. However, he still enjoys plain pizza. Samuel's eating behavior illustrates
discrimination
Domingo has just hit Play to begin listening to a new song he bought. Based on the structure of the ear, what will the sound waves contact first after moving through Domingo's auditory canal?
eardrum
A subliminal stimulus is a stimulus that
falls below the threshold for conscious detection
The brain scans of people with amnesia are most likely to show damage to the
hippocampus
For most people, speech functions are primarily localized in the
left cerebral hemisphere
The network of structures involved in emotion, motivation, and memory is the
limbic system
The area of the brain stem that is important in controlling breathing is the
medulla
When viewed from the window of a moving train, nearby objects seem to pass by more quickly than do more distant objects. This cue for depth perception is called
motion paralax
The result of the evolutionary process that preserves traits that enhance the adaptation of an organism and suppresses traits that do not is called
natural Selection
Because he is afraid of public speaking, Scott withdraws from a class that requires an oral presentation and enrolls in another class without a presentation requirement. He continues the pattern, switching classes each semester to avoid giving presentations. Scott's behavior has been
negatively reinforced
The fovea has the greatest visual acuity in bright light primarily because the fovea is
only made up of cones
After Sharon stares at a patch of saturated green color for a brief period of time, she looks at a white surface and sees a red patch of color. This perceptual phenomenon is best explained by
opponent-process theory
more sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea
retina
A person with sight in only one eye lacks which of the following visual cues for seeing in depth?
retinal disparity
The right occipital lobe receives visual information from the
right half of both retinas
An individual's ability to focus on a particular conversation in a noisy and crowded room is called
selective attention
Introspection, a research tool used by early psychologists, is a technique which involves
self-examination of mental processes
After spending hours in her kitchen preparing dinner, Rebecca no longer notices the strong smell of garlic until her guests arrive and mention the smell. Her failure to notice the smell of garlic illustrates
sensory adaptation
As you watch a friend walk away from you, your retinal image of your friend gets smaller. Despite this, you do not perceive him to be shrinking. This is an example of
size constancy
It is important for researchers to use precise operational definitions when
they want to be able to replicate the experiment
Damage to Wernicke's area is most likely to be associated with difficulty in
understanding language