AP psychology

Which of the following illustrates the serial position effect? A. The only name Kensie remembers from the people she met at the party is Spencer, because she thought he was particularly good looking. B. Kimia has trouble remembering information from the books first unit when she reviews for semester finals C. It's easy for Brittney to remember that carbons atomic number is 6 because her birthday is on December 6 D. Kyle was not able to remember the names of all of his co workers after one week on the job, but he could remember them after two weeks E. Alp is unable to remember the middle of a list of vocabulary words as well as he remembers the first or last words on the list.

Alp is unable to remember the middle of a list of vocabulary words as well as he remembers the first or last words on the list.

Miller's "magical number seven, plus or minus two" refers to A. The ideal number of times to rehearse information in the first encoding session. B. The number of seconds information stays in short-term memory without rehearsal. C. The capacity of short- term memory. D. The number of seconds information stays in echoic storage. E. The number of years most long-term memories last.

Capacity of short term memory

When someone provides his phone number to another person, he usually pauses after the area code and again after the next three numbers. This pattern underscores the importance of which memory principle? A. Chunking B. The serial position C. Semantic encoding D. Auditory encoding E. Recognition

Chunking

Which of the following demonstrates the representativeness heuristic? A. Deciding that a new kid in school is a nerd because he looks like a nerd B. Fearing air travel because of memories of seeing plane crashes in the news C. Checking in every drawer to find some matches because matches are usually in drawers D. Having the solution to a word problem pop into your head because you have just successfully solved a similar problem E. Applying for jobs in several local grocery store because your best friend just got a job in a grocery store

Deciding that a new kid in school is a nerd because he looks like a nerd

Scott gets soaked in the rainstorm because he does not think of using his backpack to shield himself from the rain. Which barrier to problem solving is evidenced here? A. Fixation B. Insight C. Representativeness D. Confirmation bias E.Availability

Fixation

Benjamin Lee Whorf's linguistic determinism hypothesis relates to what aspect of the power of language? A. How thinking determines language B. How language determines thinking C. The idea of universal grammar D. The importance of critical periods in language development E. The development of language in nonhuman animals

How language determines thinking.

Research on the role of the amygdala in memory has found that A. The amygdala help process memories of happy experiences B. It supports Freud's ideas about memory because they allow us to repress memories of trauma C. It produces long term potentiation in the brain D. It helps make sure we remember events that trigger strong emotional responses E. Are active when the retrieval of a long term memory is primed

It helps make sure we remember events that trigger strong emotional responses

Which of the following statements concerning memory is true? A. Hypnosis, when used as a component of therapy, usually improves the accuracy of memory. B. One aspect of memory that is usually accurate is the source of the remembered information. C. Children's memories of abuse are more accurate than other childhood memories. D. Memories we are more certain of are more likely to be accurate. E. Memories are often a blend of correct and incorrect information.

Memories are often a blend of correct and incorrect information.

Hermann Ebbinghaus and the forgetting curve shows that A. Most forgetting occurs early on and then levels off B. We forget more rapidly as time passes C. Forgetting is relatively constant over time D. Forgetting is related to many factors but time is not one of them E. We are more likely to forget items in the middle of a list than at the beginning or end

Most forgetting occurs early on and then levels off

When asked to think of a "desk", many students think of a desk in the classroom than a large desk used by an executive. This illustrates that their school desks have formed their A. Phonemes B. Heuristic C. Concept D. Telegraphic utterance E. Prototype

Prototype

The basketball players could remember the main points of their coach's halftime talk, but but not her exactly words. This is because they encoded the information: A. Semantically B. Iconically C. Implicitly D. Shallowly E. Automatically

Semantically

Which of the following is an example of source amnesia? A. Iva can't remember the details of a horrifying event because she has repressed them B. Mary has entirely forgotten about an incident in grade school until her friend reminds her C. Michael can't remember this years locker combination because he confuses it with last years D. Stephen misremembers a dream as something that really happened E. Anna, who is trying to lose weight can't remember several of the between- meal snacks she had yesterday

Stephen misremembers a dream as something that really happened.

long-term potentiation (LTP) is best described as follows: A. Its easier to recognize than to recall information B. Constructed memories have the potential to be either accurate or innacurate C. These synaptic changes allow for more efficient transfer of information D. Implicit memories are processed by the cerebellum instead of by the hippocampus. E. Information is transferred from working memory to long - term memory

These synaptic changes allow for more efficient transfer of information

Which of the following illustrates a heuristic? A. Calculating the area of a rectangle by multiplying the length times the width B. Using three dramatic news reports of corporate fraud to estimate how often business fraud occurs C. Looking in each room of your home to find your sleeping cat D. Following a new recipe to bake a cake for your friend E. Trying every key on your moms key ring until you find the one that unlocks the seldom used storeroom in the basement

Using three dramatic news reports of corporate fraud to estimate how often business fraud occurs

Which of the following is an example of an implicit memory A. What time you had lunch yesterday B. The details of an assignment that is due tomorrow C. Vividly recalling significant events, such as the death of a famous person. D. The names of all U.S. state capitals E. Recognizing names and pictures of your classmates many years after they have graduated.

What time you had lunch yesterday

A phoneme, such as the "c" in cows, is best described as a A. Unit of meaning in a language B. Form of syntax C. Stage of language development D. Unit of sound in a language E. Form of telegraphic speech

a unit of sound in language

People are more concerned about a medical procedure when told it has a 10 percent death rate than they are when told it has a 90 percent survival rate. Which psychological concept explains this difference in concern? A. Belief perseverance B. Insight C. Intuition D. Framing E. Conformation-bias

framing

Carl damaged his cerebellum in a car accident. As a result, he would have the most trouble remembering A. His physicians name B. The time of his next doctor appointment C. How to ride his therapy bike D. His new license plate number E. The things his wife has asked him to get at the grocery store.

how to ride his therapy bike

Which of the following is not one of Robert sternbergs components of creativity? A. A venturesome personality B. Imaginative thinking skills C. A creative environment D. Incubation E. Intrinsic motivation

incubation

According to Noam Chomsky, language acquisition occurs most especially because of A. Exposure to language in early childhood B. Instruction in grammar C. Reinforcement for babbling and other early verbal D. Imitation and drill E. Linguistic determination

linguistic determinism

By waiting until the last minute to study for an exam, you are using an unrecommended strategy called A. Imagery B. Semantic memory C. Distributed practice D. Chunking E. Massed practice

massed practice.

You are more likely to remember happy memories when you are presently happy than when you are sad due to A. Mood congruence B. Context effects C. State- dependency D. Proactive interference E. Retroactive interference

mood congruence

Alice significantly underestimated how long it would take to write her term paper because of

overconfidence

Mave got a new car with the license plate "MAVNUM1." She is asked by the school parking clerk what her number is but can only remember her old one, "VANMOM1." Her inability to remember her new plate is most likely due to A. Retroactive interference B. Mood interference C. Proactive interference D. Anterograde amnesia E. Retrograde amnesia

proactive interference