AP psychology
Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates a behavioral approach to therapy?
Finn has been acting out at school, so his therapist employs a token economy to reward Finn when he behaves well.
All of the following are anxiety disorders EXCEPT
conversion disorder
Which of the following falls under the category of somatic symptom and related disorders?
conversion disorder
group therapy
therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction
behavioral treatment
-token economies, aversion therapy, flooding (behavioral approaches generally try to use classical, operant, or social learning approaches to change behavior) -behavior is disorder
Psychoanalysis
A method of studying how the mind works and treating mental disorders
systematic desensitization
A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.
Petunia experiences distress every time she leaves her house and goes out into a crowd. The most likely diagnosis for her would be which of the following types of disorders?
Anxiety
Which of the following treatments would reduce a drinker's dependence on alcohol by changing the positive effect of alcohol to a negative one?
Aversive conditioning
Many people who have been diagnosed with major depressive disorder find their symptoms are reduced when they take a medication that alters their serotonin or norepinephrine levels. Their outcome supports which of the following approaches to depression?
Biological
Karl goes to see Dr. Norton to help him overcome his fear of cats. Karl's fear began in childhood when he petted a cat and someone slammed a door. Every time Karl petted the cat, the door slammed. Now whenever Karl sees a cat, he becomes very anxious. Dr. Norton puts a cat in the room with Karl and prevents Karl from avoiding or escaping the cat until Karl's anxiety naturally dissipates. The treatment is called
Flooding
biomedical approach
Focuses narrowly on the physical aspects of illness.
Which therapist best illustrates the humanistic orientation to therapy?
Gil's therapist, who engages in active listening during their sessions
Belinda exhibits diminished pleasure in her daily activities, significant weight loss, insomnia, fatigue, and feelings of excessive guilt. Belinda's problems are most consistent with which of the following disorders?
Major depressive
Carmen's psychiatrist has prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor to help Carmen feel better. Carmen has most likely been diagnosed with what disorder?
Major depressive
Bernadette has lacked enthusiasm for work and other activities for a number of years. She also has a poor appetite and feels fatigued. Which of the following disorders is most consistent with Bernadette's symptoms?
Persistent depressive
Cognitive psychologists are most likely to use which method of treatment with their clients?
Rational-emotive behavior therapy
After a lengthy interview, Dr. Richard decides that the preferred treatment for Maurice is systematic desensitization. Which of the following is Dr. Richard's most likely diagnosis of Maurice?
Specific phobia
Which of the following scenarios is an example of a therapist using rational-emotive behavior therapy?
Stanley thinks he is never going to get a job, so his therapist says that would be the worst thing that could ever happen to Stanley.
Ted is hiking along a mountain trail when he sees a large snake slithering across the path ahead of him. After the incident, Ted develops a specific phobia of snakes. Which of the following therapeutic techniques will be most effective for eliminating Ted's phobia?
Systematic desensitization
Which of the following behavior-therapy techniques is typically used to reduce fear of heights?
Systematic desensitization
bipolar disorder
A mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania.
Robert has a persistent fear of having a heart attack in public that has resulted in his not wanting to leave his house. Therefore, he severely limits the time he spends out in public. Robert's condition is most similar to which of the following disorders?
Agoraphobia
cognitive treatment
attempts to confront irrational ways of thinking
A therapist uses systematic desensitization to treat a client with a phobia. Which of the following treatment approaches can best explain the fundamental components underlying this technique?
behavioral
Token economies are based on which theoretical perspective?
behavioral
Fluoxetine (Prozac® ) has been shown to reduce depression primarily by
blocking receptor sites and decreasing the level of serotonin in the synapses
In treating a patient for depression, Dr. Pratt focuses on changing the ways in which the patient interprets events. Which type of therapy is Dr. Pratt using?
cognitive
addiction
compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences
Biological Treatments
drug therapy, electroconvulsive therapy, psychosurgery
Aaron T. Beck would most likely
focus on a client's catastrophic thinking patterns
Connie always worries that something terrible is about to happen even when her environment is secure. She constantly fidgets and never feels relaxed. Connie is most likely to be diagnosed with
generalized anxiety disorder
Phobias
irrational fears of specific objects or situations
The cognitive theory of depression states that depression results from
maladaptive interpretations of life events
A therapist using systematic desensitization to help a client overcome a fear of big dogs would probably begin treatment by asking the client to
master a set of relaxation techniques
dissociative identity disorder
multiple personality disorder
Alan is sure something is wrong with him, even though his doctor has not found any physiological basis for his complaints. He returns to the doctor every few weeks to report symptoms of new illnesses based on information he reads. Alan is most likely to be diagnosed with which of the following types of disorders?
somatoform
Ever since she was a child, Henrietta has had an intense fear of clowns, even though she has never been hurt by one. She runs screaming whenever she sees one. Henrietta most likely has what psychological disorder?
specific phobia