AP Psychology Review: Sleep and Dreaming

Manifest Dream Content

The narrative story of a dream that sometimes provides allusions to the latent content (deeper meaning of a dream). Freud believed that your unconscious uses distortions in the manifest dream content like condensation and substitution to reveal clues to one's innermost thoughts.

Latent Dream Content

According to psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, the latent content of a dream is the hidden psychological meaning of the dream. Freud believed that the content of dreams is related to wish fulfillment and suggested that dreams have two types of content: manifest content and latent content. The manifest content is the actual literal subject-matter of the dream, while the latent content is the underlying meaning of these symbols.

circadian rhythm

the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle.

Sleep Walking

walking during non-REM sleep

Paradoxical Sleep

a recurring sleep state during which dreaming occurs

REM sleep

a recurring sleep state during which dreaming occurs

NREM sleep

a recurring sleep state during which rapid eye movements do not occur and dreaming does not occur

Dream

a series of mental images and emotions occurring during sleep

Narcolepsy

a sleep disorder characterized by sudden and uncontrollable episodes of deep sleep

Sleep Apnea

a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings

Nightmare

a terrifying or deeply upsetting dream

Insomnia

an inability to sleep

Sleep Deprivation

any significant loss of sleep, resulting in problems in concentration and irritability

Lucid Dreaming

awareness that a dream is a dream while it is happening

Delta Sleep

deepest sleep cycle

Jet Lag

fatigue and sleep disturbance resulting from disruption of the body's normal circadian rhythm as a result of jet travel