AP Psychology Unit 5
Endocrine System
glands
Amygdala
Robert suffered from encephalitis (a brain infection). As time progressed, he could no longer recognize fearful faces.
CENTRAL Nervous System
brain and spinal cord
Which of the following statements concerning sleep is valid?
Individuals do not typically act out their dreams.
Treated through the use of GABA/melatonin mimicking drugs.
Insomnia
Barbiturate
Depressant
Opiates
Depressant
Ecstasy
Hallucinogen
Sympathetic Nervous System
("Fight or Flight")
Parasympathetic Nervous System
("Rest and Digest")
Hallucinogen
A drug that distorts perception, thought, and mood
Stimulant
A drug that increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs
Depressant
A drug that slows brain and body reactions
Medulla
A gun is fired and the bullet enters the brain. Breathing and heartbeat stop almost immediately. Where is the bullet?
Serotonin (Senerio)
A neurotransmitter that affects hunger,sleep, arousal, and mood.
cat using right hand
A split-brain patient has a picture of a dog flashed to his right hemisphere and a cat to his left hemisphere. He will be able to identify
GABA (Senerio)
After a long and stressful day, William is able to calm down and relax.
Dopamine (Senerio)
After receiving an award for outstanding community service, Rebecca enjoys a sudden rush of happiness.
Acetylcholine (Senerio)
As he continues to age, Paul has been unable to remember the names of old coworkers.
Prefrontal cortex
Brett was a superior student and had a full scholarship, but following a head injury he can no longer plan, organize or follow through with tasks necessary for school. Which lobe did he injure?
Glutamate (Senerio)
Charlotte is able to brainstorm ideas for a creative thesis statement for an upcoming essay.
frontal lobe function
Contains Broca's Area, motor cortex and prefrontal cortex
Synaptic Vesicles
Contains neurotransmitters while the neuron is in resting potential. During action potential, will release the neurotransmitters into the synapse in order to stimulate the postsynaptic neuron.
parietal lobe function
Contains somatosensory cortex
Alcohol
Depressant
The theory that states dreams represent wish fulfillment comes from which theory of dream interpretation?
Freud's theory of dream interpretation
Wernicke's Area
Grandma Mary had a stroke which impaired her ability to speak fluently although she can move all the necessary muscles. What is the most likely location of her brain damage.
LSD
Hallucinogen
Myelin Sheath
Increases the speed of communication across the axon.
Hypothalamus
Jan suffered a concussion in a car accident. Since that day she has notice a dramatic lack of appetite and an absence of thirst. She never thinks of having a drink until her lips actually dry and crack.
Pons/Reticular Formation
Julissa Gomez, a young American gymnast, unsuccessfully attempted a difficult vaulting move, and struck her head. Damage resulted in paralysis and damage to a nearby region caused her to lapse into a coma. Where is the damage that caused her coma?
What will this individual be able to DRAW with his/her RIGHT hand? (Hint: Remember - each hemisphere controls the OPPOSITE side motor movements)
LEFT hemisphere controls the RIGHT hand (movement/touch). Therefore, the RIGHT hand can ONLY draw what the LEFT hemisphere processes. As a result, the answer is "ONLY CUP."
Parietal LOBE though yes - it was specifically Somatosensory cortex (of the right side) which is located within the parietal lobe
Margie suffered damage to part of the surface of her brain after being struck by a golf club let loose by an irate golfer that had just sliced a key drive. As a result Margie has loss some sensory awareness of her left leg. Which lobe did she injure?
Spinal Cord (via spinal reflex)
NBC reporter John Hockenberry took the Corningware pan of turkey stuffing out of the fridge and heated it on the stove. When the pan and contents were sizzling hot, the special handle was still cold. John set the pan on his lap for several minutes while he stirred and served the stuffing. He never noticed the burning hot bottom of the pan producing serious 3rd degree burns of his legs. John had suffered what type of injury which inhibited his ability to immediately pull back from the hot pan?
Treated through the use of stimulants (ex. amphetamines).
Narcolepsy
Uncontrollable urges to fall asleep.
Narcolepsy
More common in children and usually only appears during NREM - 3. Symptoms often involve heightened levels of freight and arousal.
Night Terrors
What will this individual be able to SAY? (Hint: Only ONE hemisphere contains to ability to speak - therefore it is EITHER cup OR pencil BUT not both)
ONLY CUP (Left Hemisphere = Language because of Broca/Wernicke's Area
Cerebellum
On Justin's 21st birthday he & his buddies celebrated a bit too much. When the police stopped his car Justin's speech was slurred, he couldn't walk a straight line or balance on one foot. He nearly missed his face altogether when asked to touch his nose while his eyes were closed. The impaired functioning of what part of Justin's brain is responsible for these difficulties with motor coordination and balance?
Constricted bladder
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Contracted pupils
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Decreased heart rate
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Hippocampus
Paul suffered from encephalitis (a brain infection) while in college. He received good medical attention but still the infection took its toll on certain parts of his brain, so that now Paul cannot store new long-term memories.
temporal lobe function
Processes auditory sensory information
Somatosensory cortex
Processes sense of touch
occipital lobe function
Processes sense of vision
Broca Area
Produces muscle movements necessary for speaking
Motor cortex
Producing motor movements (via motor neurons)
Reuptake
Prozac, a drug commonly prescribed to treat depression, prevents the sending neuron from reabsorbing excess serotonin from the synapse. Which process does this drug prevent from taking place?
facilitating or inhibiting neural transmission at the synapse
Psychoactive substances are drugs that alter consciousness by
What will this individual be able to DRAW with his/her left hand?
RIGHT hemisphere controls the LEFT hand (movement/touch). Therefore the LEFT hand can ONLY draw what the RIGHT hemisphere processes. As a result, the answer is "ONLY PENCIL."
Prefrontal cortex
Region of high level cognitive function (ex. planning)
Terminal Buttons
Region of the neuron that contains synaptic vesicles
Axon Terminal
Region of the neuron that contains the axon and myelin sheath
Dendrites
Region of the neuron that receives information from other neurons (at its receptor sites)
Pons/reticular formation
Regulates alertness and arousal
medulla function
Regulates automatic vital function (ex. breathing)
Cerebellum function
Regulates balance and smooth movement
Wernicke Area
Responsible for language comprehension and understanding
Loud snores that routinely wake the patient up at night.
Sleep Apnea
Treated through the use of a CPAP breathing mask or surgical procedure.
Sleep Apnea
More common in children and usually only appears during NREM - 3. Symptoms often involve carrying out behaviors that are usually seen while conscious (ex. walking).
Sleepwalking/talking
Voluntarily raising your hand
Somatic Nervous System
Voluntarily standing up
Somatic Nervous System
Voluntarily walking
Somatic Nervous System
Amphetamines
Stimulant
Caffeine
Stimulant
Cocaine
Stimulant
Nicotine
Stimulant
Receptor Sites
Surface of the neuron that is sensitive to the stimulation of neurotransmitters.
Accelerated heart rate
Sympathetic Nervous System
Accelerated respiratory rate
Sympathetic Nervous System
Increased adrenaline secretion
Sympathetic Nervous System
Inhibition of bladder contraction
Sympathetic Nervous System
Pupil dilation
Sympathetic Nervous System
Release of adrenaline from the adrenal glands
Sympathetic Nervous System
threshold
The minimum level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse is called the
the refractory period
The time shortly after a neuron fires in which the neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation is referred to as
Norepinephrine (Senerio)
Unaware of whether or not it is only a drill, Bobby is able to remain focused and alert after the fire alarm goes off.
It increases the speed of the action potential down the axon
What function is served by the myelin sheath that may cover an axon?
resting potential
When there is a negative charge inside an axon and a positive charge outside it, the neuron is
GABA
Which neurotransmitter inhibits the central nervous system activity in order to calm a person down during stressful situations
it has an all-or-none quality: it either happens, or it does not
Which of the following most accurately describes the firing of a neuron
Endorphins (Senerio)
While running a marathon, Miley experienced an increase in the body's natural painkiller.
The information-processing theory of dreaming states that dreams
occur during REM sleep as the brain deals with daily stress and events. (Thus helping consolidate memories from the day)