AP Psychology

15. Colleenreceivedascoreof100onanIQtest.Themeanforthetestis100and the standard deviation is 15. Assume the test had a normal distribution of scores. Colleen's score on the test was equal to or greater than the scores of what percent of people?(A) 100 (B) 50 (C) 68 (D) 84 (E) 15

68: B

(D) inhibiting dopamine reuptake, which makes dopamine more available (E) inhibiting dopamine reuptake, which makes dopamine less available

A

14. Whichofthefollowingoccursduringlong-termpotentiation?(A) Memory improves because neural pathways are strengthened.(B) Rehearsal is used to keep information in short-term memory. (C) Mnemonic devices are used to help retrieve information.(D) Memories are formed as a result of transduction.(E) Informationismoreeasilyrememberedasaresultofdeepprocessing.

A

2. Gestalt psychologists studied how(A) people see a triangle with missing corners as a complete triangle because of the principle of closure(B) giving someone a reward after a behavior increases the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated in the future because of the principle of positive reinforcement(C) pairing a neutral stimulus with a stimulus that reflexively produces a response eventually leads to the neutral stimulus producing the response because of the principles of classical conditioning(D) supporting someone no matter what they do leads to a strong self-concept for the person as a result of unconditional positive regard(E) dream analysi sbrings unconscious conflicts to the surface because of psychoanalytic principles

A

4. What is the mode of the set of scores above?(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 6 (D) 7 (E) 15

A

8. Which of the following explains transduction? (A) The process by which sensory stimuli are converted into neural signals(B) The degree of stimulation needed for a signal to be detected 50 percent of the time(C) The difference in signal strength needed for that difference to be detected(D) The process by which a person's eyes adapt to the dark(E) Theprocessbywhichafalsenegativeisidentified

A

9. Which of the following is the best example of the opponent process theory?(A) Fred stares at a green book for a minute, and then when he looks at a white page, he sees the color red.(B) The more time Stanley spends in the dark, the better he can see in the dark.(C) Esther can see all the colors of the leaves during the autumn.(D) When it gets brighter outside, Tyronne's pupils dilate.(E) Frances's irises are a different color than Wendy's irises.

A

11. As Susie left for work, she said"goodbye"to her husband and slammed the door. The loud sound of the door made her husband flinch. After many mornings of hearing "goodbye" followed by a door slam, her husband flinches when he hears her say, "goodbye." In this scenario, hearing the word "goodbye" is the (A) unconditioned stimulus (B) conditioned stimulus (C) conditioned response (D) unconditioned response (E) positive reinforcer

B

7. Split-brain research has illustrated which of the following?(A) The right hemisphere of the brain is responsible for language in most people.(B) The left hemisphere of the brain is responsible for language in most people.(C) The occipital lobe is responsible for color vision.(D) The prefrontal cortex is responsible for thinking, planning, and decision making.(E) The brain functions normally after the corpus callosum is cut.

B

Ivan Pavlov is best known for his research that involved pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of food. Food naturally caused the dogs to salivate, and eventually the dogs salivated to the sound of the bell alone. Pavlov named this phenomenon(A) cognitive development (B) classical conditioning (C) operant conditioning (D) humanism(E) behaviorism

B- Classical conditioning

13. Herman nEbbinghaus' research would most likely predict that(A) it is possible to implant false memories about being lost in a shopping mall in participants' minds(B) children will learn best when they are challenged by a task that they cannot do on their own but can do with guidance(C) a student who only studies the night before a test will very rapidly forget most of the information studied after the test is over(D) cats can learn to free themselves from puzzle boxes and eventually become faster at freeing themselves(E)rats will learn to navigate mazes even if they are not given a reward

C

3. One advantage of experiments over correlational studies is that experiments generally allow one to(A) study a large group of people(B) study changes in people over time(C) infer cause and effect(D) study an individual in depth(E) observe people in their natural setting

C

5. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for helping(A) David become aware of his thirst while running a marathon(B) Tamara transfer sensory information into the other parts of her brain (C) Riaesha get ready to fight or flee when seeing a bear(D) Anthony calm down after watching a scary movie(E) Jamikapullherhandbackwhenshetouchesahotstove

C

12. Seven-year-old Raj never wants to clean his room, but his parents know how much he loves watching television. They tell him if he cleans his room, he'll get to watch his favorite television shows. According to operant conditioning theory, Raj is most likely to(A) refuse to clean his room(B) watch television without cleaning his room (C) scream at his parents(D) clean his room(E) loseinterestinwatchingtelevision

D

10. Which of the following is the best example of a learning predisposition?(A) Pigeons can be trained to play tic-tac-toe.(B) Cats become quicker at escaping out of boxes with practice.(C) A chimpanzee suddenly realizes it can use a stick to retrieve an out-of-reach banana.(D) Rewarding a person for a behavior leads to an increase in that behavior.(E) Itiseasiertoconditionapersontobefearfulofratsthanofcars.

E