APCOGO 3

Under which conditions is political violence most likely to occur?

When citizens feel that more conventional options for political participation are ineffective or unavailable.

Which of the following is an implication of the data in the map?

When the United Kingdom leaves the European Union, Scotland may decide to hold a referendum to leave the United Kingdom because many Scottish people are pro-European Union.

What term describes associations that citizens join voluntarily that are independent and autonomous from the state?

civil society

Which of the following is defined by the collective beliefs by citizens about how their political system should operate?

political culture

Which of the following is defined as the lifelong process of acquiring one's beliefs, values, and orientations toward the political system?

political socialization

Which of the following types of national votes does the Russian political system support?

presidential, Duma, and referenda elections

Political culture is best defined as the

prevailing attitudes in a society toward government, authority, and participation

Citizens of nondemocratic regimes may be allowed to participate in elections in order to

provide legitimacy to the ruling regime

Which of the following refers to a vote by the public on a particular policy issue?

referendum

What freedom do many countries feature in written constitutions to address civil society?

right to assemble

The "Golden Shield"or the "Great Firewall" refers to

the Chinese's government's attempt to control the use of social media

Which of the following is a conclusion drawn from the data about economic conditions in Nigeria?

A majority of people do not see economic conditions as very good, partly because corruption is still rampant and economic growth is weak.

https://assets.learnosity.com/organisations/537/VH977034.g03.png Which of the following best explains the level of turnout in an AP Comparative Government and Politics course country

Although turnout in Russian presidential elections is relatively high, documented cases of voter fraud make the numbers suspect.

Which of the following describes the role of civil society in Mexico's democratization?

An increase in civil society group participation has allowed more citizens to act within non-governmental organizations.

Which of the following correctly compares agents of socialization within China and Iran?

Both regimes apply pressure to socialize their citizens around conforming beliefs, which results in legitimization of their rule.

Which of the following is an implication of the data in the map?

As the idea of the United Kingdom leaving the European Union becomes a reality, Scottish lawmakers must figure out how to keep their constituents happy while also being part of the United Kingdom.

When could a citizen's decision to not vote in an election be viewed as political participation?

Because the citizen was part of a coordinated effort to boycott an election that was widely viewed as rigged.

Which of the following accurately compares the nature of social cleavages in both Nigeria and Mexico?

Both countries feature regional differences divided along socioeconomic lines.

How might a totalitarian regime use governmental coercion in relation to political rallies and protests?

By mandating that citizens attend a rally to show support for the governing party.

What is a common method that both democratic and authoritarian regimes use to restrict civil liberties related to political participation?

By prohibiting and punishing activities related to domestic terrorism.

Compared with an authoritarian regime, how is a democratic regime more likely to treat civil society groups?

By protecting group rights to allow for more pluralism.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of authoritarian and democratic regimes approach toward the protection of civil liberties?

Democratic regimes more consistently enforce civil liberties

Which of the following is an accurate pairing of characteristics of elections in authoritarian regimes?

Few, if any, opposition candidates; Government ensures its preferred candidates and parties win

Which of the following statements best demonstrates that a healthy civil society exists in the United Kingdom?

Freedom of assembly allows groups to express their discontent with the government by protesting.

What is a problem in Nigeria in regards to the protection of civil liberties?

Governmental security forces using violence to suppress some violence.

Which is an accurate description of the work of NGOs such as Oxfam, Save the Children and Amnesty International?

Groups like these advocate for governments to change policies and governmental actions.

Which of the following statements most accurately explains socialization in two course countries?

In Iran, Islam plays an important role in citizens' socialization, which has led to the election of conservative candidates, while in the United Kingdom the Anglican Church plays little role in citizens' socialization and choice of political candidates.

Which of the following indicates a major difference in how political culture affects institutions?

In Iran, the 1979 revolution led to a theocratic system, whereas in the United Kingdom, a history of limited government has led to a democratic system.

Which of the following statements accurately describes politically relevant cleavages in two countries?

In Mexico, there are ethnic divisions between the Amerindian population and whites and mestizos, while in Russia there are divisions between the ethnic Russian population and minority groups such as the Chechens in the Caucasus region.

As compared to authoritarian regimes, what is more likely to occur when governmental security forces use excessive force to suppress protests in democratic regimes?

Injured protestors have legal methods to gain compensation for damages sustained from excessive governmental force.

Which of the following is true of Russian media?

It is both privately and publicly owned by tightly regulated by the state

https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20180517_R45199_images_8962eb1adc214341888407a73ba1d0b65dc07f73.png What conclusion can be drawn based on the graph?

It is difficult to gather consistent data regarding the number of journalists killed in Mexico

Which of the following best describes Iranian political culture?

It values the community's welfare above individual rights.

Which of the following best describes the author's claim in the passage?

Members of the Putin administration decide what foreign and domestic policies will be covered by the media.

Mexican political culture differs from Nigerian political culture in which of the following ways?

Mexicans have a strong sense of national identity, while Nigerians identify more strongly with their individual ethnic group.

Which of the following is an implication of the data in the map?

Most Scottish people prefer to remain in the European Union, and the government will most likely work to maintain the free movement of goods and services to Europe.

Which best explains why Islam plays a larger role in the political culture of Iran than that of Nigeria, despite Muslims making up a majority of the population in both countries?

Muslims in Nigeria make up the majority in only some of the states of the country, so different regions have different religious influences upon political culture, unlike Iran where Shia Muslims are a majority throughout the country.

Which of the following best explains why Russia puts limits on civil society organizations with foreign sponsorship?

NOT !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! THIS ANSWER Russian leaders are concerned that a vibrant civil society would promote democratization and liberalism by promoting organization and participation.

Which of the following accurately compares political ideologies?

Neoliberalism is the belief in limited governmental intervention in the economy and society, supports privatization, free trade and deregulation.

Which of the following accurately compares neoliberalism and communism?

Neoliberalism is the belief that free enterprise is the best solution for economic growth, and communism is the belief that private property should be abolished.

Which of the following is a conclusion drawn from the data about personal living conditions in Nigeria?

Nigerians' perceptions of improvement in their personal living conditions were caused by actual improvements due in part to the democratization process.

Which of the following examples best illustrates a challenge to political socialization in the United Kingdom and Nigeria?

People are socialized in both countries partly through the media, and there are several news sources that print influential stories that are biased.

Which of the following best explains the large difference between positive assessments of personal living conditions and positive assessments of the economy as shown by the data?

People may sense that their personal economic and living conditions are improving but still see corruption, lack of infrastructure, and income inequality as major national issues.

Which of the following statements about political socialization is true?

Political socialization is a process that continues throughout an individual's life.

Which of the following accurately compares populism and fascism?

Populism is the belief in the rights of the common people over those of the elites, while fascism is the belief in the rights of the ethnic majority over those of ethnic minorities.

Which of the following describes politically relevant cleavages in two AP Comparative Government and Politics course countries?

Russia has an ethnic cleavage consisting of a majority of ethnic Russians and a non-Russian population, and the United Kingdom has ethnic differences between people in different regions.

Which of the following is an accurate pairing of examples of a civil society group?

Save the Children; Boys Scouts and Girl Scouts

Political culture centers on the citizens' expectations about the balance between

Social order and individual liberty

How do both democratic and authoritarian regimes treat broadcast media?

Some governmental regulations to help maintain order of broadcast operations.

Which of the following explains how corruption influences the media in Nigeria?

Some journalists are paid to write positive stories about government officials or to stop negatives stories from being published.

Which of the following statements most accurately compares political socialization in two countries studied in the AP Comparative Government and Politics course?

The Chinese government applies more pressure to socialize citizens around conforming beliefs than does the Nigerian government.

According to the passage, which of the following describes a way that the Putin government influences independent outlets?

The Russian government imposes fines and penalties for not covering controversial subjects correctly.

Which of the following best describes the author's perspective?

The Russian media lacks the independence it needs to hold President Putin accountable.

In which of the following countries does the media serve as an independent critical voice against policies of the government?

The United Kingdom

Which of the following best explains why, despite the intervention of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), there are still problems with strengthening civil society in Nigeria?

The country is large, and there are multiple societal cleavages and divisions.

With regard to human rights in Iran, the Iranian government has acted in which of following ways?

The government targets and imprisons political opponents.

Which of the following most distinguishes elections in democratic regimes from elections in authoritarian regimes?

The level of competitiveness between the ruling party and opposition parties

Which of the following best explains the status of media freedom in Iran?

There is some media censorship, but the government allows independent news sources as a way to maintain legitimacy.

https://assets.learnosity.com/organisations/537/VH977034.g03.png Which of the following best explains the high turnout in Iranian elections in 2009?

There was intense political competition between President Ahmadinejad and reformist candidates, which increased turnout.

As a civil society group, which would you most likely expect of Nigeria's Labour Congress?

Voicing the interests of large numbers of workers in Nigeria.

Which of the following is an accurate pairing of features of a civil society group?

Voluntary membership; No government support

Which of the following best defines a separatist movement?

When a regional group seeks to gain sovereignty over territory within a country

How do some democracies use governmental coercion in elections?

With compulsory voting laws

How do some democracies use governmental coercion in relation to political rallies and protests?

With laws that regulate the time and place of protests to establish expectations of security and order.

Compared with a democratic regime, how is an authoritarian regime is more likely to treat civil society groups?

With mandatory registration and government monitoring.

Which of the following is an accurate pairing of China's treatment of civil society groups?

Written protection of group assembly rights; Common government harassment and coercion against groups that criticize rule by the Communist Party.

What is a common characteristic about civil liberties in both democratic and authoritarian regimes?

Written protections of civil liberties in constitutions are common.

Which is an accurate comparison of elections in Russia and Iran? Russia Iran Rarely holds national elections, Rarely holds national elections Holds regularly scheduled national elections, Holds regularly scheduled national elections Holds regularly scheduled national elections, Rarely holds national elections Rarely holds national elections, Holds regularly scheduled national elections

holds regularly scheduled national elections; holds regularly scheduled national elections

The study of political culture involves attempting to explain political behavior by

identifying the beliefs, attitudes, and values of citizens

Countries that have democratic procedures in place but have significant restrictions on them are referred to as

illiberal democracies