Personal and Community Health

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As a student seeking a healthy diet, which of the following tips is NOT recommended when eating fast food?

eat salads and add all available food options

If you know you will be at an event where alcohol will be served, what can you do to drink responsibly?

eat shortly before you go and alternate alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks

Which of the following behaviors would most likely increase the risk of developing cancer?

eating a diet high in empty calories

Breast-fed infants

have a decreased incidence of illness

Factors affecting alcohol absorption include all of the following EXCEPT

the time of day the alcohol is consumed

A substance that triggers an immune response is a(n)

antigen

Which of the following is TRUE of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

failure to meet a lower-level need will interfere with fulfilling higher-level needs

An effective was to protect yourself from STIs is to

have sex only with a partner who has tested negative for STIs

Over the last twenty years, the American's calorie intake has increased. This is due in part to

increased availability of extremely large serving sizes of foods

An example of a SMART goal is

I'll sign up for the strength-training class and try to increase the weight I can lift by 20% by the end of the term

Overall, the leading cause of death for American is

heart disease

Regular aerobic exercise improves the

heart, lungs, and blood vessels

In the United States, the 5-year survival rate for cancer overall is currently

higher for whites than for blacks

Through our relationships with others, we fulfill our needs for

intimacy, social integration, and nurturance

Which of the following is FALSE about fiber?

it is the digestible portion of plant foods

Sharon has lost two jobs in the past year. She blames her coworkers, who she says didn't like her. She claims that they were purposely trying to sabotage her and that she did absolutely nothing wrong. From her behavior, it is likely that Sharon has developed

learned helplessness

Which of the following statements about Internet addiction is true?

people with Internet addiction tend to have lower grades and poorer job performance than others who are not addicted

While in the hospital, Daniel's grandmother developed an inflammatory condition that involved a build-up of fluid in her lungs. His grandmother was suffering from

pneumonia

Which of the following is a sign of codependent behavior?

striving to meet an addicted person's needs in an unhealthy way

All of the following must happen for a disease to occur EXCEPT

the host must never have had the disease before

Emily is experiencing an allostatic load due to a dysfunctional relationship, credit card debt, and a challenging course load. Which of the following defines the term allostatic load?

the long-term wear and tear on the body caused by the stress response

Which of the following is NOT true about male condoms?

they can be used with baby oil and body lotions as lubricants

All of the following are true about intimate relationships EXCEPT that

they may lack emotional availability

Which of the following is TRUE of psychologically healthy people?

they value human diversity

Noor just found out that she is pregnant. Noor will need

to consume about 300 additional calories a day

You should seek expert medical care if you experience

unexplained sudden weight loss

Which of the following statements about U.S. water consumption is TRUE?

Water-saving toilets and other devices have contributed to a decline in residential water usage in the U.S. over the past few decades

The conventional health care delivered in the United States is known as

allopathic medicine

Physician assistants

can provide treatment and write prescriptions when supervised by a physician

When the body is invaded by antigens, the immune system forms substances called

antibodies

Warning signs of suicide include all of the following EXCEPT

compulsion to repeatedly perform rituals

Hearing a piercing scream late at night while walking in a campus path would likely trigger which phase of the general adaptation syndrome?

alarm

Which of the following is most likely to cause eustress instead of distress?

an impending promotion

Julio wants to strengthen his relationship with La Vonne by sharing personal information with her. To get over his fear of disclosing his feelings, Julio can do all of the following EXCEPT

blame his parents for his imperfections

After working on a class project all week and only sleeping about four hours per night, Courtney is

compromising her immunity

Chronic stress has a strong connection to all of the following medical conditions EXCEPT

hearing loss

Exercise can reduce the risk of heart disease by all of the following EXCEPT

increasing LDL levels

All of the following are methods of reducing risk for CVD EXCEPT

increasing triglycerides in your blood

The most common sleep disorder is

insomnia

Which of the following is TRUE about routes of drug administration?

intravenous injection is the most dangerous method of administration

At the end of each day, Anne writes down five positive affirmations about herself to block out any negative thoughts. Anne is demonstrating

learned optimism

Relational connectedness is MOST likely to be enhanced by

meeting a friend for lunch

Chronic stress may cause structural degeneration and impaired function of the brain, increasing the risk for all of the following EXCEPT

meningitis

Of the following choices, the source of stress experienced by the greatest percentage of American adults is

money

Which of the following statements about crime in the United States is true?

more than half of all violent victimizations that occur in the United States are not reported to police

When trying to ensure clean air in your home, sources of pollution to look for include all of the following EXCEPT

nitroglycerine

The transactional model of stress and coping proposes that our stress response is determined by

our perception of the stressor, our coping ability, and our environment

A person with strong core muscles has a more stable center of gravity and

reduced chance of injury

Which of the following is TRUE about women and alcoholism?

women get addicted faster with less alcohol use than men

What is the difference between a portion and a serving?

a serving is the recommended amount to be consumed, and a portion is the amount you choose to eat

Research examining the relationship between substance abuse and violence indicates that

alcohol consumption is a major factor in domestic violence at all levels

When blood levels of the hormone leptin rise,

appetite levels decrease

Women who use oral contraceptives and also smoke are at a higher risk of

blood clots and hypertension

What happens during a stroke?

blood supply to some area of the brain is interrupted

Sharon is a gymnast. A personal trainer cautioned her that her extremely low body fat might cause health problems, including an increased risk of

bone fractures

Kendra has decided to break up with her boyfriend. Which of the following actions should she take?

change the passwords she'd shared with him to her online accounts and pages

All of the following are recommended for avoiding contracting or spreading a respiratory infection EXCEPT

going to work while sick as long as you take medication

Assault, homicide, and suicide are all examples of

intentional injuries

A mentally healthy student who gets a bad grade on an exam would respond by

learning from the situation and improving study habits

Metabolic syndrome is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

low blood pressure

Which of the following circumstances can cause a miscarriage?

maternal infection or hormone imbalance

Exercise helps with weight control by increasing the body's

metabolic rate

A biopsy reveals that a woman who has had breast cancer now has cancer in her bones. The process of cancer spreading from one organ or body area to others is

metastasis

A sedentary lifestyle, overuse of caffeine, and risky sexual practices are examples of

modifiable determinants of health

In a clinical trial for a new pain medication, Hayden was given an inactive substance instead of an actual drug. After taking it, however, his headache improved. This resulted from the

placebo effect

In preparation for his exam, Juan plans to stay up all night studying. According to research, this strategy will likely result in

reduced cognitive ability

Which of the following is TRUE about stress?

stress is a mental and physical response to real or perceived changes and challenges

Nutrients are

the constituents in food that the body requires to function properly

A driver is "usually impaired" at a blood alcohol concentration of

0.05 to 0.07 percent

Young adults (ages 15-24) are most likely to die from

accidents

Bryan enjoys going for a 5-mile run as a way to wind down after his last class. Bryan should

eat a small carbohydrate-rich- snack about an hour before he heads out for his run

The surge in obesity rates around the world has become known as

globesity

Which of the following is TRUE in regard to atherosclerosis?

it is characterized by a buildup of substances within the arteries that form plaque

Which of the following BEST describes appetite?

it is more psychological than physiological

Which of the following is NOT true about a hangover?

it usually takes 1-2 hours to recover from a hangover

Key factors in mounting an immune response include all of the following EXCEPT

red blood cells

Communication with health care providers can be improved by all of the following EXCEPT

relying on your health care provider for all information on health care issues

Which of the following would NOT be considered a hate crime?

shooting a bank employee during an armed robbery

Which of the following is FALSE about weight management?

short-term diets are as effective as long-term behavior modification

Sleep-deprived individuals may be at greater risk of overweight and obesity because

sleeping less is associated with eating more

College students who become addicted to gambling have an increased risk for all of the following EXCEPT

smoking

One reason that the effects of alcohol are different for women and men is that

women have less water in their tissues than men

Which of the following is TRUE about communication patterns between men and women

women tend to be more expressive

The anxiety Phoebe experienced before her French test actually sharpened her ability to focus. This response is explained by the

yerkes-dodson law of arousal

River has been on and off four different diets in the past year, losing and then regaining weight. She now weighs more than she did when she began dieting a year ago. River is engaging in

yo-yo dieting

You woke up this morning with the worst headache of your life, and you feel nauseated. Your neck feels so stiff that you can hardly nod your head. Your roommate says your skin is very hot and you probably have a fever. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

you have signs of meningitis. both you and your roommate should go to the health clinic immediately

All of the following are likely to influence your response to stressors EXCEPT

your friend's level of stress

Exercise can improve mental health by

boosting self-esteem

Katherine is an energetic, confident student who is not afraid to stand up in front of the class and read her essay aloud. She trusts that even if others don't agree with her point of view, they will still value her as a person and a friend. These traits best demonstrate Katherine's positive

emotional health

Lisa is aware that her best friend, Kim, has a drinking problem. Lisa continually makes excuses for her and often completes Kim's homework to protect her from flunking out of school. Lisa's behaviors is an example of

enabling

Of the following lifestyle choices, the MOST helpful for reducing cardiovascular disease risk is to

engage in regular exercise

Symptoms of viral hepatitis include all of the following EXCEPT

excessive hunger

Which of the following is TRUE about nutrition and exercise during pregnancy?

exercise can be beneficial, but the woman should consult with her physician first

All of the following behaviors will compromise your immune system's ability to fight infections EXCEPT

exercising regularly

Many men are reluctant to have a vasectomy because of the

fear of decreased sexual performance

The results from an American College Health Association study indicate that most college students

feel tired or sleepy three or more days a week

Which of the following is NOT a common sign of major depression?

feeling highly energetic

Which form of birth control involves alteration of sexual behavior during certain times of the month?

fertility awareness

Celia spends a good deal of her time feeling on edge, is easily fatigued, and often has difficulty concentrating and getting enough sleep. Her symptoms may characterize

generalized anxiety disorder

A man asks his office-mate to call 911 because he is experiencing tightness in his chest, pain in his left arm and shoulder, shortness of breath, and dizziness. Which condition is he likely experiencing?

heart attack

What role does exposure to sunlight during the day play in improving sleep?

it helps to regulate the circadian rhythm

James lost his job and was unable to pay his rent. His frustration built to the point that he initiated a physical fight with a friend. James is displaying

reactive aggression

Leaving a diaphragm, tampon, or cervical cap in for an extended period of time increases the risk for

toxic shock syndrome

An important strategy for avoiding mold is to

use a dehumidifier in damp rooms

Risk for developing lung cancer caries among smokers die to all of the following EXCEPT

tolerance to nicotine

Which of the following provides a ready source of energy for daily activities?

carbohydrates

Vic is taking five classes and working 20 hours a week. He wants to get back into his former running program, but feels too pressed for time. Which of the following strategies might BEST help him overcome this obstacle?

he could read a textbook or listen to a lecture on his MP3 player while jogging on a treadmill

The ideal cholesterol ratio for an individual would include

high HDL and low LDL

Obesity is responsible for

more than 40% higher healthcare costs as compared to non-obese populations

All of the following are basic mindfulness skills EXCEPT

tuning out a noisy student in the library

Before leaving for a party, Kristina took two "100% percent pure caffeine" pills containing 200 mg caffeine each. Which of the following is likely to happen at the party?

Kristina is likely to drink much more heavily than she would have if she had not taken the caffeine pills

Oral contraceptive pills are

about 91 percent effective at preventing pregnancy with typical use

Jade is pregnant. During a regular medical check-up, her physician discusses alcohol consumption. The physician will likely advise that she

abstain from alcohol during pregnancy

Missy is motivated to lose weight. She has begun taking a 30-minute walk every morning, has worked with a nutrition counselor to design a new diet, and on Monday will begin following new eating plan. According to the transtheoretical model of behavior change, Missy is in a stage of

action

Middle-age weight gain is attributed to all of the following factors EXCEPT

age-related appetite increase

Regular physical activity has been linked to all of the following EXCEPT

lower life expectancy

The two contraceptive methods most commonly used by college students are

male condoms and birth control pills

All the following are good sources of complex carbohydrates EXCEPT

milk

Which statement BEST summarized the association between exercise and improved immunity?

moderate-intensity exercise temporarily increases the number of white blood cells, thereby boosting immunity

Which of the following is TRUE about gambling addictions?

most compulsive gamblers seek a high from the excitement even more than from money

The primary care practitioner in your campus health clinic has a master's degree and is authorized to perform exams, conduct diagnostic tests, and in some states may also prescribe medications. He is a

nurse practitioner

Which of the following should be consumed daily as part of a heart-healthy diet?

plant sterols

According to the PERMA model, which of the following strategies is most likely to enhance your well-being?

set realistic goals and pursue them with effort

According to experts, up to what percentage of trash is recyclable?

90 percent

Smokeless tobacco users

are significantly more likely to develop oral cancers than nonusers.

All of the following are true about viruses EXCEPT

they can reproduce outside of cells

Some researchers believe that chronic sleep deficiencies can

increase the risk for type 2 diabetes

A person's exercise metabolic rate (EMR) will increase if he or she

increases the activity level from light to moderate

Which form of fat poses high risk for heart disease and cardiac-related death?

trans fat

A likely reason that people may be meaner online than in person is that

users cannot see the person with whom they are communicating

Taking responsibility for your health care includes all of the following EXCEPT

using over-the-counter medications to treat a sudden, serious illness

All of the following statements about the effects of chronic marijuana use are true EXCEPT:

vaping marijuana is associated with fewer adverse effects on the lungs than smoking marijuana

Which of the following is TRUE with respect to the health effects of smoking?

women who smoke are more likely to have fertility problems than non-smokers

Which factor would reduce the likelihood of your choosing a particular person as a partner?

your beliefs, attitudes, and values are significantly different

Which statement BEST summarizes what happens when particulate matter condenses in the lungs?

it forms tar, which is a thick, brownish sludge

Cultural beliefs that can be considered societal causes of violence include

objectifying women

Anxiety disorders are

the most common mental health problem in the United States

Jason doesn't see that his addiction to heroin is self-destructive. He is experiencing

denial

Chronic short sleep

increases risk for stroke

Using electronic devices before bed may disrupt sleep patterns for all of the following reasons EXCEPT the

beeping sounds they sometimes produce

What do preferred provider organizations (PPOs) and point of service (POS) plans have in common?

both allow patients to seek outside care but require patients to pay an extra cost

Air pollutants regulated by the Clean Air Act include all of the following EXCEPT

carbon dioxide

Stress has been associated with increased blood pressures and inflammatory responses. These are most closely associated with an increased risk for

cardiovascular disease

All of the following statements regarding cell phones are true EXCEPT

cell phone use has been proven to pose a clear risk of human tissue damage

Justin often engages in binge drinking on the weekends. This behavior puts him at risk for a dangerous sleep disorder in which the brain and the respiratory muscles do not communicate properly. It's known as

central sleep apnea

The last stage of liver disease that can result from years of heavy drinking is

cirrhosis

Over-the-counter drugs commonly abused by teens and young adults include

cough and cold medications and diet and sleep aids

Which environmental factor encourages us to increase our food consumption?

easy access to high-calorie foods in stores and restaurants

Regular exercise

improves concentration

Climate change is evidenced by which of the following?

increasingly extreme swings in precipitation levels over the last three decades

Which of the following is TRUE about major depression in college students?

international students are especially vulnerable to depression

Originally health insurance covered only hospital expenses. This coverage was then expanded to physician services and medications and other treatments. What effect did this type of coverage have on the medical system?

it encouraged doctors to provide more medical procedures for patients

Which of the six major outdoor air pollutants is a metallic element that is also a significant concern indoors?

lead

Paula maintained her normal weight during her freshman year in college. During her sophomore year, she moved into an apartment with two friends who are overweight. The three regularly enjoy high-calorie meals together, and Paula has gained more than twenty pounds. She wants to lose weight, but it seems as if, whenever she plans to prepare a healthful, low-calorie meal, her roommates come home with a box of pizza or take-out burgers and fries. What type of influence are her friends having on her behavior?

social undermining

Which of the following statements about intimate relationships is TRUE?

supportive intimate relationships are associated with a longer life span

Derrick frequently takes an over-the-counter stimulant weight loss drug just before heading to the gym for a workout, during which he typically consumes a 16-ounce energy drink. The interaction of the drugs in these products is MOST likely to be

synergistic

For an aerobic exercise such as a Latin dance class, which measurement would you use to confirm that you are working at 64 percent to 96 percent of you maximal heart rate for improved cardiorespiratory fitness?

target heart rate

Increases in the planet's temperature over the past few decades can be attributed to

the enhanced greenhouse effect

Miranda plays on the lacrosse team and knows that increasing her aerobic capacity will help her on the field. To determine her current aerobic capacity, the team's trainer will conduct a test in which Miranda will run on a treadmill for a designated time while measurements are taken. What will the measure of her aerobic capacity show?

the volume of oxygen her muscles consume during exercise

When choosing a health care provider, you should examine all of the following EXCEPT

their membership in local organizations such as country clubs or service clubs

Which of the following is TRUE about over-the-counter drugs?

they can be abused

The MyPlate graphic encourages Americans to make which of the following food groups the largest portion of their plate at each meal?

vegetables

High blood levels of this type of cholesterol appear to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, or cholesterol-clogged arteries

HDL

Jeff has been drinking a lot over the past few months, including frequent binges. His friends are concerned that this behavior puts him at risk for a condition that involves a potentially lethal blood alcohol concentration. Which condition is this?

alcohol poisoning

Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning emotional health?

an emotionally healthy person keeps feelings inside to avoid burdening others

Which of the following statements is TRUE with respect to the genetic risk for cancer?

an individual's risk of developing cancer is influenced by genetic as well as environmental and lifestyle factors

A woman goes to the emergency room. She tells the nurse that after carrying several loads of laundry up a flight of stairs she is having chest pain and a sensation she describes as her heart being crushed. Which condition is she likely experiencing?

angina pectoris

Brett and Melissa have a very strong relationship in which they are able to give and receive emotionally without a fear of rejection or being hurt. This example demonstrates that they

are emotionally available in their relationship

Self-care involves all of the following EXCEPT

avoiding medication and taking a "tough it out" approach to illness

Melinda baked a piece of salmon for dinner. On the side, she had a large mixed-green salad topped with toasted walnuts. This meal is rich in

omega- 3 fatty acids

According to research, each of the following factors increases the risk of substance abuse among students EXCEPT

participation in college sports

If you have moved to a new town and want to find a provider you can see for annual wellness exams and the treatment of routine ailments, you are seeking a(n)

primary care practitioner


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