APES Unit 9 Quizlet

Which of the following focuses on the international trade in wildlife and endangered species? A) CITES B) Kyoto Protocol C) EPA D) National Park Service

A) CITES

Which is the main driver of atmospheric circulation? A) Earth's rotation and uneven surface heating B) Frontal boundaries of high and low pressure systems C) Prevailing winds fueled by equatorial seas D) High pressure and low precipitation

A) Earth's rotation and uneven surface heating

The climate of most of Eastern North America is thought to be moderated by which warm current of North American Gyre? A) Gulf stream B) North Equatorial Current C) Labrador Current D) Canary Current

A) Gulf stream

Which of the following is a biological effect of UV radiation exposure? A) Skin cancer and sunburns B) Increased transmission of diseases C) Decrease in productivity of autotrophs D) Increased sea levels

A) Skin cancer and sunburns

Coral bleaching can be hazardous to some fish species because A) coral reefs provide unique habitats for fish B) decomposition of corals can lead to ocean acidification C) the dead corals attract predators that feed on the fish D) the corals are the primary source of O2 in the ocean water

A) coral reefs provide unique habitats for fish

Which of the following gases has the lowest global warming potential (GWP), but has the greatest impact on the greenhouse effect due to its greater abundance? A) CFCs B) Carbon dioxide C) Ozone D) HFCs

B) Carbon dioxide

Which of the following biomes would have the highest albedo? A) Tropical rainforest B) Desert C) Arctic tundra D) Freshwater lake

B) Desert

Which of the following human activities is most closely associated with depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer? A) Mining of coal B) Disposal of refrigerators and air conditioners C) Heating of homes and factories D) Generation of electricity E) Agricultural irrigation

B) Disposal of refrigerators and air conditioners

What do scientists think is the cause of the sixth mass extinction? A) Meteor B) Humans C) Global drought D) Unpredictable natural disasters

B) Humans

The main environmental effects of ozone depletion could include all of the following EXCEPT A) lower food-crop production B) decreased concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere C) disruption of marine food chains D) Increased incidence of skin cancer E) reduction of primary productivity in the oceans

B) decreased concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere

Which component of CFCs catalyzes the conversion of ozone into atmospheric oxygen? A) Carbon B) Fluorine C) Chlorine D) Hydrogen

C) Chlorine

Which of the following substances is released by CFC's and catalyses a chain reaction that breaks down ozone in the upper atmosphere? A) Carbon monoxide B) Carbon dioxide C) Chlorine D) Sulfur dioxide E) Methane

C) Chlorine

Which of the following events would most likely lead to a decrease in the pH in the oceans? A) Decreased deforestation in agricultural areas B) Decreased vehicular emissions from cars and trucks C) Increased burning of fossil fuels in power plants D) Increased rates of photosynthesis in terrestrial ecosystems

C) Increased burning of fossil fuels in power plants

Which of the following was developed in order to protect the ozone layer from further depletion? A) Kyoto Protocol B) Geneva Convention C) Montreal Protocol D) Air Quality Agreement

C) Montreal Protocol

Which sequence of events best explains the interaction between the components of the Arctic ecosystem feedback loop? A) Methane increases -> permafrost thickness increases -> global temperature increases -> methane decreases B) Global temperature increases -> permafrost thickness decreases -> methane increases -> global temperature increases C) Permafrost thickness increases -> methane decreases -> global temperature increases -> permafrost thickness decreases D) Global temperature increases -> methane decreases -> permafrost thickness increases -> global temperature increases

C) Permafrost thickness increases -> methane decreases -> global temperature increases -> permafrost thickness decreases

All of the following are sources of nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas, EXCEPT: A) Microbial activity on fertilizers in the soil B) Burning of fossil fuels C) Transpiration D) Deforestation

C) Transpiration

When stressed, corals often expel the symbiotic algae living within their tissues, causing them to bleach. Which of the following environmental issues is most closely associated with coral bleaching events? A) El Nino conditions in the equatorial Pacific Ocean due to weakened trade winds. B) Reduced nutrient distribution due to decreased thermohaline circulation C) Warmer ocean water temperatures due to increased greenhouse gas emissions D) Increased turbidity in ocean water due to thermal inversions.

C) Warmer ocean water temperatures due to increased greenhouse gas emissions

Which of the following would likely be a consequence of ocean warming? A) Increased biodiversity in equatorial oceans B) Stabilization of marine predator/prey interactions C) Reduced methane emissions from aquatic decomposition D) Altered reproductive patterns in marine species.

D) Altered reproductive patterns in marine species.

Which of the following is not an anthropogenic activity that contributes to ocean acidification? A) Combustion of fossil fuels B) Cement production C) Deforestation D) Hydrothermal seafloor vents

D) Hydrothermal seafloor vents

Which of the following best describes the primary cause of global ocean warming? A) Increased number if animal species using ocean gyres for migration B) Increased movement from the ocean floor (upwelling) during La Nina events. C) Increased thermal pollution in rivers and streams near power plants and industrial manufacturers D) Increased global temperature from an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

D) Increased global temperature from an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Which of the following is true of habitat fragmentation? A) Urbanization has reduced the impacts of habitat fragmentation B) Invasive species distribution is hindered by habitat fragmentation C) Increases species richness D) Its impacts can be lessened by habitat corridors

D) Its impacts can be lessened by habitat corridors

Which of the following greenhouse gases can come from synthetic fertilizer? A) CO2 B) CH4 C) NO2 D) N2O

D) N2O

Greenhouse gases include all of the following EXCEPT: A) Water Vapor B) Carbon Dioxide C) Ozone D) Particulates

D) Particulates

Which of the following best explains the impact of climate change on polar regions? A) Polar regions are warming more slowly than other regions because the ice and snow keep the air cool. B) Polar regions are warming more slowly than other regions because atmospheric circulation wind patterns trap cold air at the poles. C) Polar regions are warming more quickly than other regions because more carbon dioxide can dissolve in colder water. D) Polar regions are warming more quickly than other regions because warming decreases the coverage of high-albedo ground cover like ice and snow.

D) Polar regions are warming more quickly than other regions because warming decreases the coverage of high-albedo ground cover like ice and snow.

In which layer of the atmosphere is the ozone layer located? A) Thermosphere B) Troposphere C) Mesosphere D) Stratosphere

D) Stratosphere

Which of the following is NOT true about stratospheric ozone? A) Stratospheric ozone thinning increased after the creation and widespread use of CFCs. B) Stratospheric ozone thinning contributes to an increase in skin cancer and cataracts in humans. C) Stratospheric ozone naturally absorbs UV radiation via its formation and destruction. D) Stratospheric ozone thins naturally in the Antarctic every April.

D) Stratospheric ozone thins naturally in the Antarctic every April.

Under the Endangered Species Act, who is authorized to determine which species are listed as threatened or endangered? A) National Wildlife Federation B) National Park Service C) National Audubon Society D) US Fish and Wildlife Service

D) US Fish and Wildlife Service

Which of the following best describes a disadvantage of creating a series of protected habitats in an effort to maintain biodiversity in an area A) threatened or endangered animal populations can grow in size until the populations cannot be supported by the habitat B) populations within the protected habitats become too genetically diverse, leading to speciation. C) climate change can lead to habitat loss because of changes in temperature and precipitation in an area D) protected habitats often separate species inside the habitat from other populations of the same species living outside the habitat.

D) protected habitats often separate species inside the habitat from other populations of the same species living outside the habitat.

A large forested area is fragmented into small forest tracts separated by agricultural areas. This change will most likely lead to A) an increase in the population of top carnivores B) an improvement in the dispersal mechanisms of forest species C) a more stable regional climate D) a decrease in the amount of edge habitat E) a decrease in the gene flow within species of the original forest

E) a decrease in the gene flow within species of the original forest

Which of the following causes ocean warming? A) Melting polar ice caps B) ENSO C) Heat pollution from factories and energy production D) Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

d) Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere