APHG chap 12

If a country follows the rank-size rule, how many people live in the fifth largest city if the largest city has 1,000,000 inhabitants?

200,000

The percent of Americans who live in a food desert is estimated to be

23.5

Consumer services account for which percent of jobs in the United States?

50

Which does NOT describe an economic base?

A business sector cluster.

Use Figure 12-9 to answer the question. Based on the information presented in the map, which statement about distinctive economic bases found in U.S. communities is TRUE?

Aircraft, boat and ship-building are found in Western communities.

The area surrounding a service from which customers are attracted is the

Hinterland

Which of the following is considered to have been a hearth of urban settlement?

Mesopotamia

Clustered rural settlements were most common in which region of colonial America?

New England

Use Figure 12-13 to answer the question. According to the map, which of the following lists of countries contain cities that are growing by at least 4 percent each year?

Nigeria, Kenya, Tanzania, India, and Mexico

The process of urbanization can be analyzed by looking at which two dimensions of growth of a city?

The number and percentage of people.

The graph represents both social and economic change in the United States between 1975 and 2015. Which sector and sub-sectors have grown the most significantly?

The tertiary sector with increases in leisure, health, and retail services.

Use Figure 12-11 to answer the question. Based on the information in the chart, which statement is TRUE?

Urbanization in developing countries is increasing but there remains a gap between developed and developing countries.

The most significant impact of the United Kingdom's enclosure movement on the rural landscape was

a dispersed rural settlement pattern

A primate city is defined as

at least twice as large as the next smaller city.

The attraction of the "offshore banking" industry can best be explained by

bank secrecy laws and the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries

A firm that sells its products primarily to consumers outside its settlement is a

basic industry

One of the most important basic activities in the Boston area is

biotechnology services.

Back-office functions are also called

business process outsourcing (BPO)

Which type of settlement is characterized by farm buildings, homes, and churches located close together?

clustered rural

The three types of services are

consumer, business, public

The long-lot system, brought to North America by the French, was developed primarily because of

desire for access to a river or road.

The gravity model predicts that the optimal location of a service is

directly related to the number of people in the area and inversely related to the distance people must travel to access it.

Global cities are identified and ranked by a combination of

economic, political, cultural, and infrastructure factors

The four main types of consumer services include

education, retail, health, and leisure.

Use Figure 12-12 to answer the question. According the map, where are the majority of cities with more than five million residents located?

in Asia situated on or near the coasts

Which business services are the most likely to be concentrated in global cities?

integrated financial institutions, insurance companies, and professional legal consultants

Central place theory predicts larger settlements will be

less numerous and further apart

Which two factors influence the location of back-office services in developing countries?

low wage rates and workers who can speak English

Which factors best explain why many "call centers" are outsourced to India?

low wages and the widespread use of English

A central place is defined as a

market center for exchange of goods and services.

In which two types of global business services do developing countries specialize?

offshore financial and back-office operations

Typical medieval European urban settlements were characterized by the

placement of buildings around a central market square.

If a country's largest city has 1,000,000 inhabitants and the second largest city has 200,000 inhabitants, which distribution does the country follow?

primate city

The primary rationale for government support of the enclosure movement in the United Kingdom was to

promote agricultural efficiency.

The maximum distance people are willing to travel for a service is the

range

The hierarchical listing of settlements by size is known as the

rank-size rule

Which best describes the distribution of megacities?

reflects population growth in developing countries

A food desert is usually associated with

regions usually found in low-income areas where fresh fruit, vegetables, and other healthful foods are unavailable.

Which type of service challenges the traditional classifications of services as either a business or consumer service?

sharing services

Which of the following is most likely a basic economic activity?

steel mill

Attracting a new basic industry is important to a community, primarily because it

stimulates new nonbasic businesses.

The clustering of tech jobs and talent in the United States is attributed to

talented people igniting economic advancement in communities, which attracts more talented people.

In terms of global financial services, which two major benefits do developing countries offer?

tax breaks and privacy

Which development has reduced the need for spatial proximity and encouraged the relocation of back-office functions to developing countries?

telecommunications

Global cities are defined by

the number and type of business services found there

Higher social heterogeneity in urban settlements means that

there are many different kinds of people in cities

The minimum number of people needed to support a service is called the

threshold

Which of the following is a possible explanation for the development of consumer services in early settlements?

to meet the needs of people to bury the dead

In which type of settlement do most people in the world live?

urban

Heterogeneity is more commonly a characteristic of

urban centers than rural communities

Periodic markets are likely to feature

vendors who move from town to town