Ion Formation

In terms of electron configuration, a neutral sodium atom differs from the noble gas neon by....valence electron(s)

1

Because they lose valence electrons so easily, the group...and group...metals are the most reactive metals on the periodic table.

1 2

group 1 metals group 2 metals group 13 metals

1+ when the s¹ electron is lost 2+ when s² electrons are lost 3+ when the s²p¹ electrons are lost

In general, to form an octet, group 15 elements gain....electron(s), group 16 elements gain....electron(s), and group 17 elements gain....electron(s).

3 2 1

In general, to form an octet, group 15 elements gain...electron(s), group 16 elements gain....electron(s), and group 17 elements gain....electron(s)

3 2 1

group 15 nonmetals group 16 nonmetals group 17 nonmetals

3- when three electrons are gained 2- when two electrons are gained 1- when one electrons is gained

True or false: Nonmetals easily lose one or more electrons to attain a stable outer electron configuration.

False

Which of these statements about transition metals and their ions are true?

In general, transition metals have an outer energy level of ns². Many transition metals form ions with a 2+ or a 3+ charge. Transition metals commonly lose their two valence electrons, forming 2+ ions.

Which statements about the electron configurations of an argon atom, a chlorine atom, and a chloride ion are true?

The electron configuration of chlorine is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁵. Argon and the chloride ion have filled outer energy levels. Argon and the chloride ion have the same electron configuration. The electron configuration of argon is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶.

Which of these statements about the electron configurations of a neon atom, a sodium atom, and a sodium ion are true?

The electron configuration of the sodium ion is 1s²2s²2p⁶ Neon and the sodium ion have the same electron configuration. The electron configuration of sodium is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹.

Elements tend to react to acquire ______.

a filled outer energy level the stable electron structure of a noble gas

A negatively charged ion is a(n)

anion

A positively charged ion is called a(n)....

cation

What is a positively charged ion called?

cation

The force that holds two atoms together, both in the attraction between ions and in the attraction between the nucleus of one atom and the electrons of another, is called a(n)

chemical bond

What is the force that holds two atoms together?

chemical bond

To designate the anion formed when a chlorine atom gains an electron, the name ______ is used

chloride

Transition metal ions may lose their two valence electrons, forming ions with charges of 2+. But they may also lose electrons from an inner ______ sublevel, forming ions of 3+ or greater.

d

Noble gases are unreactive because, except for helium, they have a stable arrangement of.....valence electrons in the outer energy level. This arrangement is called a(n)....

eight octet

Noble gases are unreactive because they have.....

filled outer energy levels

To attain a stable outer electron configuration, nonmetals...one or more electrons.

gain/accept/need

To designate an anion formed when an atom gains one or more electrons, the ending....is added to the root name of the element.

ide -ide

Elements tend to react to acquire the stable electron structure of a(n)...

noble gas

One type of chemical bond forms by the attraction between...ions and...ions

positive negative

Elements in groups 11 through 14 lose electrons to form an outer energy level containing full s, p, and d sublevels. What are these relatively stable electron arrangements called?

pseudo-noble gas configurations

Chemical bonds form by the attraction between.....

the nucleus of one atom and the electrons of another atom positive ions and negative ions

A positive ion forms when an atom loses one or more.....electrons in order to attain a.....configuration.

valence noble gas