APUSH 10-12 TEST

26. In McCulloch v. Maryland, Cohens v. Virginia, and Gibbons v. Ogden, Chief Justice Marshall's rulings limited the extent of

state's rights.

38. Sedition made it illegal to speak falsely against the government or a government official. This is a violation of the 10th amendment.

False

39. The Chief Justice John Marshall was a strict constructionist who wanted to a weak centralized government.

False

8. The most devastating defeat suffered by the British during the War of 1812 took place at the Battle of

New Orleans.

12. Which amendment guards against the danger that enumerating rights might lead to the conclusion that they were the only ones protected?

Ninth

25. All of the following are true statements about the Whiskey Rebellion EXCEPT

President Washington responded to the Whiskey Rebellion by negotiating a peaceful resolution of the conflict with the protesters.

22. The difference in price between what Jefferson had authorized his negotiators to pay for New Orleans and West Florida and what they actually paid for all of Louisiana was

$5 million

3. Despite the flourishing cities, America's population was still about ______ percent rural.

90

2. One of the greatest problems that John Adams and the Federalists faced in the election of 1800 was

Adams's refusal to take the country to war against France.

7. In President George Washington's first administration, who was his first Secretary of the Treasury?

Alexander Hamilton

35. Aaron Burr's various conspiracies to break apart the United States demonstrated the fragility of the American government's control of the trans

Appalachian West. - True

12. The Rush

Bagot agreement - severely limited British and American naval armaments on the Great Lakes.

2. Canada became an important battleground in the War of 1812 because

British forces were weakest there.

27. The political party out of power in Congress and the executive branch of government that provided the loyal opposition to the party in power in the 1790s was the

Democratic-Republicans.

31. New Englanders opposed the War of 1812 because they believed that Canada should be acquired by peaceful negotiation rather than war.

False

32. The "Revolution of 1800" involved a radical transfer of power from the Federalist merchant class to farmers and urban artisans and craftsmen.

False

32. The most effective branch of the American military in the War of 1812 proved to be the U.S. Army.

False

33. The American strategy for conquering Canada was well conceived but failed because of a lack of equipment and troops.

False

34. Andrew Jackson's victory at the Battle of New Orleans was crucial to the American military and political gains in the Treaty of Ghent.

False

34. The United States Constitution specifically designates to the U.S. Supreme Court the power to determine the constitutionality of a federal law.

False

35. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 admitted Missouri to the Union as a free state, in exchange for the admission of Louisiana as a slave state.

False

36. Jefferson's embargo did not hurt Federalist New England.

False

40. A strict constructionist believes that the necessary and proper clause of the Constitution should be used as much as possible to strengthen the authority of the central government.

False

6. British plans for their 1814 campaign did not include action in

Florida

34. Foreign relations between the United States and France deteriorated in the 1790s over

French seizure of American merchant ships.

6. In President George Washington's first administration, who was his first Secretary of War?

Henry Knox

8. Under the new Constitution of the United States who served as the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court?

John Jay

15. The Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court who, more than any other federal official, was able to carry out the Federalist ideas of Alexander Hamilton concerning strengthening the power of the federal government was

John Marshall.

25. John Marshall uttered his famous legal dictum that "the power to tax involves the power to destroy" in

McCulloch v. Maryland.

20. The first state entirely west of the Mississippi River to be carved out of the Louisiana Territory was

Missouri.

11. With Jefferson's refusal to use the presidency to dispense generously patronage positions and offices in government to is political supporters, the Democratic

Republican Party - grew less unified even as the Federalist Party began to fade and lose power.

19. Democratic

Republicans opposed Senator Henry Clay's American System because - they believed that it was unconstitutional.

5. The Jeffersonian Democratic

Republicans presented themselves as all the following EXCEPT - believers in a strong central government.

6. Thomas Jefferson received the bulk of his political support from the

South and the West.

13. The _____ Amendment might rightly be called the states' rights amendment.

Tenth

22. Jefferson's argument against the constitutionality of a Bank of the United States were based on the strict construction principles, especially embodied in the

Tenth Amendment in the Bill of Rights.

25. Who served as the crucial guide(s) , aiding Lewis and Clark in their expedition through the Louisiana Territory?

The Shoshone woman Sacajawea

5. In President George Washington's first administration, who was his first Secretary of State?

Thomas Jefferson

33. The case of Marbury v. Madison established the precedent of Judicial Review.

True

37. William Marbury filed his lawsuit against James Madison directly to the U.S. Supreme Court. Marbury was wanting the court to issue a writ of mandamus, forcing Madison to deliver the commission, issued by John Adams, appointing him to the federal bench.

True

14. The two most internationally recognized American writers in the 1820s were

Washington Irving and James Fenimore Cooper.

10. The delegates of the Hartford Convention adopted resolutions in 1814 that included a call for

a constitutional amendment requiring a two-thirds vote in Congress before war could be declared, new states admitted, or a trade embargo instituted by the federal government.

20. The American naval war with Tripoli ended with

a defeat of the Barbary Pirates and the peace treaty in 1805 with the Pasha of Tripoli, costing merely $60,000 for the ransom payments of the captured Americans.

4. In the 1800 presidential election, Thomas Jefferson won the deadlocked election because

a few Federalists, unwilling to elect Aaron Burr as president, decided to abstain from voting in the House of Representatives, throwing the presidential election to Jefferson.

27. The British policy of impressment was functionally equivalent to

a forced enlistment.

19. The aspect of Hamilton's financial program that received the least support in Congress, because of its heavy agricultural and commercial interests, was

a protective tariff

26. Lewis and Clark demonstrated the viability of

an overland trail to the Pacfic.

18. John Marshall, as chief justice of the United States, helped to strengthen the judicial branch of government by

asserting the doctrine of judicial review of congressional legislation, giving the Supreme Court the power to determine constitutinality.

21. The legal basis for Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton's Bank of the United States was

based on the "necessary and proper," or "elastic" clause in the Constitution.

16. At the end of the War of 1812, British manufacturers

began dumping their goods in America at extremely low prices.

16. As secretary of the treasury, Alexander Hamilton's first objective was to

bolster the national credit.

4. The new Constitution did not provide for the creation of a(n)

cabinet

3. In the election of 1800, the Federalists accused Thomas Jefferson of all of the following EXCEPT

conspiring with Aaron Burr to have Spain attack the United States.

29. Spain sold Florida in 1819 to the United States because it

could not defend the area and would lose it in any case.

30. John Jay's 1794 treaty with Britain

created deeper splits between Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans.

20. Hamilton expected that the revenue to pay the interest on the national debt would come from

customs duties and excise taxes.

9. One of the major criticisms of the Constitution, as drafted in Philadelphia, was that it

did not provide guarantees for individual rights.

10. As president, President Jefferson showed unexpected moderation and a conciliatory attitude toward his Federalist political opponents by

dismissing very few public servants for political reasons.

38. The Federalist

dominated Congress enacted the Alien Laws, which were aimed at _____; whereas, the Sedition Act was primarily aimed at _____. - recent immigrants; Jeffersonian newspapers and other outspoken political opponents of the Federalists

28. To deal with British and French violations of America's neutrality, President Jefferson

enacted an economic embargo that prohibited the exports of all goods from the United States, regardless of whether they were being shipped on American or foreign merchant ships.

32. Washington's decision to retire from the presidency in 1797

established a two-term tradition for American presidents.

40. Jeffersonian Republicans believed in all the following EXCEPT

every adult white male's right to vote.

24. In interpreting the Constitution, John Marshall

favored the doctrine of loose construction.

15. Hamilton believed that, together, his funding and assumption programs would

gain the monetary and political support of the upper class for the federal government.

27. U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall's rulings almost single

handedly shaped constitutional interpretation - toward favoring nationalistic centralism and curbing the powers of popularly elected state legislatures in national political and economic affairs.

21. Napoleon chose to sell Louisiana to the United States for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

he was afraid that the Spanish might seize Louisiana in a new war.

7. Despite Thomas Jefferson winning a majority of the popular vote and more votes in the Electoral College during the election of 1800, a deadlock in the Electoral College led the election to being decided

in the House of Representatives.

30. At the time it was issued, the Monroe Doctrine was

incapable of being effectively enforced by the United States armed forces.

10. The Bill of Rights was intended to protect _____ against the potential tyranny of _______.

individual liberties, a strong central government

21. In the North, the admission of Missouri as a state

inspired a small but growing group of abolitionists in the North to speak out against the evils of slavery.

7. The British attack on Fort McHenry

inspired the writing of "The Star-Spangled Banner" by Francis Scott Key.

31. One of George Washington's most significant contributions as president was

keeping the nation out of foreign wars.

13. When it came to the major Federalist economic programs, Thomas Jefferson as president

left practically all of them intact.

31. During the War of 1812, the New England states

lent more money and sent more food to the British army than to the American army.

24. The Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 arose in southwestern Pennsylvania when the federal government

levied an excise tax on whiskey.

8. Thomas Jefferson's "Revolution of 1800" was remarkable in that it

marked the peaceful and orderly transfer of power on the basis of election results accepted by all parties.

14. Thomas Jefferson and his political supporters opposed John Adams's last

minute appointment of new federal judges mainly because - it was an attempt by the Federalists, who had been defeated in the congressional and presidential elections of 1800, to maintain political influence in the federal government.

2. All of the following are accurate descriptions of the young American nation EXCEPT

most of the population lived in the eastern seaboard cities.

11. From a global perspective, the War of 1812 was

of little importance.

3. The performance of the United States' Navy in the War of 1812 could be best described as

overall surprisingly successful and skillful against the accomplished British ships and commanders.

17. All of the following were part of Alexander Hamilton's economic program EXCEPT

paying only domestic debts but not foreign debts.

19. Thomas Jefferson's first major foreign

policy decision in 1803 was to - send a naval squadron to the Mediterranean to end blackmailing and plundering of U.S merchant ships by the Barbary pirates of North Africa.

4. America's military campaigns against Canada in the War of 1812 were

poorly conceived strategically and successfully repelled by the British and Canadians.

28. Andrew Jackson's military exploits were instrumental in the United States gaining

possession of Florida from the Spanish.

13. One of the most important by

products of the War of 1812 was - a heightened spirit of nationalism.

28. When the French Revolution developed into a war with Britain, George Washington and the American government

remained neutral.

5. Perhaps the key battle of the War of 1812, because it protected the United States from full

scale invasion and possible dissolution, was the Battle of - Plattsburgh.

23. All of the following were results of the Missouri Compromise EXCEPT that

sectionalism was significantly reduced.

29. Britain made neutrality very difficult for the United States during the French and British conflict of the 1790s by

seizing American merchant ships in the West Indies

37. The main purpose of the Alien Laws and Sedition Acts was to

silence and punish critics of the Federalists.

22. As a result of the Missouri Compromise

slavery was banned north of 36 30' in the Louisiana Purchase territory.

23. Political opponents of Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton asserted that his major economic programs infringed on

states' rights, explicitly reserved to them by pending ratification of the Tenth Amendment of the Constitution.

23. Thomas Jefferson was conscience

stricken about the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France because - he was concerned that the purchase of the Louisiana Territory could arguably considered be unconstitutional.

9. Thomas Jefferson saw his election and his mission as president to include all of the following EXCEPT

support the establishment of a strong army and navy to advance the imperialist ambitions of the United States.

17. The Tariff of 1816 was the first in American history

that aimed to protect American industry.

1. One of the first lessons learned by the Jeffersonian Republicans after their victory in the 1800 presidential election was

that it is easier to condemn from the stump than to govern consistently.

9. The Battle of New Orleans resulted in all of the following EXCEPT

the British deciding to conclude a peace treaty with the Americans at Ghent, Belgium in late 1814.

29. By 1810, the most insistent demand for a declaration of war against Britain came from

the West and South.

30. Once begun, the War of 1812 was supported strongly by

the West and the South.

35. The immediate cause of the undeclared war between the Untied States and France was

the XYZ affair.

15. Following the War of 1812, nationalism could be seen in all the following EXCEPT

the congressional defeat of an effort to revive the Bank of the United States in 1816.

18. Henry Clay embraced a program in 1824 called the American System which would create all of the following EXCEPT

the constitutional right of individual states to nullify laws enacted by Congress that adversely affected their economic interests.

12. On becoming president, Thomas Jefferson and the Republicans in Congress immediately repealed

the excise tax on whiskey.

26. Opposition by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison to the financial plan of Alexander Hamilton resulted in

the formation of permanent political parties.

1. The War of 1812 was one of the worst fought wars in American history for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that

the militia was never called up to supplement the regular army.

1. When the new government was launched in 1789

the nation's population was doubling about every twenty-five years.

16. As chief Justice of the United States, John Marshall helped to ensure that

the political and economic systems were based on a strong central government.

11. All of the following are guarantees provided by the Bill of Rights EXCEPT

the right to vote for all citizens.

14. Alexander Hamilton's financial program for the economic development of the United States favored

the wealthier class.

39. The Sedition Act

threatened Frist Amendment freedoms of speech and press.

17. The case of Marbury v. Madison (1803) established that the Constitution mandated that the Supreme Court and not Congress nor the president of the United States had the authority

to determine the meaning of the Constitution.

24. Lewis and Clark's expedition through the Louisiana Purchase territory yielded all of the following EXCEPT

treaties with several Indian nations.

36. The United States finally negotiated a peace settlement with France in 1800 mainly because Napoleon

wanted to concentrate on gaining more power and terrotiy in Erope.

33. Washington's Farewell Address in 1796

warned against the dangers of permanent foreign alliances.

18. Alexander Hamilton believed that a limited national debt

was beneficial, because people to whom the government owed money would work hard to make the nation a sucess.