APUSH TEST
Identify a second factor that increased tensions between the British and its colonies
A second distinct factor that increased tensions between Great Britain and its North American colonies was the Townshend Acts. The Townshend Acts established a collection on colonial imports of team glass, and paper, which was first accepted but was soon protested due to people rejecting the idea of "taxation without representation". This caused tensions between Great Britain and its North American colonies since it was one of many events where colonists boycotted against the British, which would eventually provide more reason for the colonists' hatred towards Britain, leading to the American Revolution
Briefly discuss either a success OR a failure of the movement.
A success of the movement was the development of the Declaration of Sentiments. For example, at the Seneca Falls Conference where this was discussed, they talked about the grievances of women, leading to an inclusive document that declared equality among men and women. Thus, this proved to be a success for the movement since it declared equality among the two sexes.
Identify a third factor that increased tensions between the British and its colonies
A third distinct factor that increased tensions between Great Britain and its North American colonies was the Stamp Act. For example, the Stamp Act was a federal tax on colonists that imposed a stamp duty on newspapers and legal and commercial documents, which greatly upset the colonists and led them to protest until it was repealed. Thus, this laid the foundation for the increased tensions between Britain and its colonies since it was one of the first tax acts that were imposed on the colonists that they protested against, which would build up more and more as other acts were established.
B) Contrast your choice in Part A against one of the other options, demonstrating why that option is not as good as your choice.
Although the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut was a great influence on American political values, the Mayflower Compact was greater. For example, the Fundamental Order of Connecticut is the first written constitution in American history, but the Mayflower Compact played an influential role in the making of the actual U.S Constitution by the Founding Fathers. Thus, despite the fact that the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut was the first constitution, the Mayflower Compact had a greater influence on American political values since it impacted the Founding Father's choices in writing the U.S. Constitution
Briefly explain one way in which the difference you indicated in (B) contributed to the difference in development between the two colonies
Due to the Spanish's encomienda system, the Spanish and English's colonial societies developed differently. For example, since the Spanish were more involved with the natives due to slavery, their societies were more mixed, while the English completely forced the natives out. This shows how their societies developed differently because the Spanish colonies were more diverse, while the English had completely cut off the natives and kicked them out.
"I know that the acquisition of Louisiana has been disapproved by some ... that the enlargement of our territory would endanger its union.... The larger our association the less will it be shaken by local passions; and in any view is it not better that the opposite bank of the Mississippi should be settled by our own brethren and children than by strangers of another family?" --Thomas Jefferson on the Louisiana Purchase Explain Jefferson's point of view on the Louisiana Purchase and WHY he would feel this way.
Jefferson believed that the purchase was a good idea because it would expand U.S. territory. For example, he believed that the larger the nation, the less it will be shaken by local passions and / or conflicting state opinions. Thus, he believed that the purchase would be a good idea since it would result in territorial gains, which would benefit the nation's conflicting state opinions.
Identify Jefferson's party and Explain how they interpreted the Constitution and WHY they interpreted it that way.
Jefferson's party was the Democratic-Republicans (Anti-Federalists), in which they were against the Constitution since it would give the national government too much power. For example, they believed that the Constitution would follow the same route as the British and take away the liberties of the people. Thus, they opposed the Constitution in order to prevent the same thing that happened to them.
Briefly explain one argument critics used in order to revise the Articles of Confederation
One argument was the national government under the Articles of Confederation was weak. Each state only had one vote in Congress, regardless of size, Congress had not have the power to tax or regulate foreign and interstate commerce, and there was no executive branch to enforce any acts passed by Congress. This shows how the Articles were weak since they had very limited power.
Briefly explain one development in the period of 1763-1776 that could be used to challenge the point of view expressed by the artist
One development that could be used to challenge the pov is the Stamp Act. For example, the Stamp Act did not take away the liberties of the people and the British repealed it. This contradicts the pov expressed by the artist because it shows that the British weren't imposing taxes in order to take away the liberties of the people and repealed it in order to to end the revolts and protests.
Briefly explain one development in the period 1763-1776 that could be used to support the point of view expressed by the artist
One development that could be used to support the pov expressed by the artist is the Proclamation of 1763. For example, this took away the liberty of colonists by prohibiting them to settle farther west into the newly acquired territories. This proclamation that the British imposed supports the pov because it shows that the British sought to control and regulate the colonists' liberties and actions.
Provide an example of an event or development to support your explanation.
One event that supports my explanation is Bleeding Kansas. Bleeding Kansas is the period of repeated outbreaks of violent guerrilla warfare between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces following popular sovereignty in Kansas, which resulted in many dying. This shows how it marked the beginning of the sectional crisis that would lead to the outbreak of the civil war since it was the first violent occurrence between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces.
Briefly explain ONE factor that accounts for the difference that you indicated in (b).
One fact that accounts for the difference between the two colonies was geography. For example, New England's climate and terrain was not suitable for cash crops, such as tobacco. Thus, they focused more on diverse resources since they couldn't produce cash crops, like tobacco.
Identify one factor that increased tensions between Britain and its North American colonies and how it led to the American Revolution
One factor that increased tensions between Great Britain and its North American colonies in the period 1763-1776 was the Boston Massacre. The Boston Massacre was an event where guards had fired into a crowd of colonists and killed 5 among them, which led to Samuel Adams denouncing the shooting as a "massacre" and used it to inflame anti-British feeling. This shows how it increased tensions between Great Britain and its North American colonies since the event led to a spark of hatred towards Great Britain, which would gradually build up leading up to the American colonists wanting to revolt against Britain.
Briefly explain ONE specific historical event which refutes the time period between 1815 and 1825 as being the "Era of Good Feelings."
One historical event that refute the time period as the Era of Good Feelings was the Panic of 1819. For example, the Panic of 1819 was an economic crisis as a result of unemployment rates increasing and a greater need for production due to an unexpected stop in trade. Thus, this period wasn't much of an Era of Good Feelings since it caused great suffering for many people as a result of economic crises.
Briefly explain ONE specific historical event which supports the time period between 1815 and 1825 as being the "Era of Good Feelings."
One historical event that supports the time period as the Era of Good Feelings was the increasing internal improvements. For example, during this period came the inventions of the railroads and canals that would pave way for better transportation. Thus, with efforts for internal improvements, there came better ways to travel.
What was ONE important action taken by a prominent individual to promote or advance the movement?
One important action taken by a prominent individual to promote the movement was by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, who traveled to give speeches on women's rights. For example, with the help of Susan B. Anthony, she traveled across the nation, giving speeches on women's topics such as maternity, divorce laws, and property rights. Thus, she greatly promoted the movement by spreading her ideas nationwide so that the movement could be heard.
Briefly explain ONE important difference between the British colonies in the Chesapeake region and the British colonies in New England in the period from 1607 to 1754.
One important difference between the British colonies in the Chesapeake region and the British colonies in New England in the period from 1607 to 1754 is that their economies were focused on different resources. For example, the British colonies in the Chesapeake region focused more on the production of tobacco and other cash crops, whereas the British colonies in the New England region were more diverse and focused on lumber, food crops, etc. This shows one difference between the two because the New England colonies were more diverse, while the Chesapeake colonies were more focused on tobacco and other cash crops.
Briefly explain one difference between the goals of the English and the Spanish in establishing colonies
One important difference between the goals of the Spanish and English in establishing colonies in the Americas prior to the 1700s is how they both treated the Native Americans. For example, the Spanish conquered the native's land and made them into slaves through the encomienda system, whereas the English hoped to establish settlements and force the natives out of the land.
Briefly explain ONE important similarity between the British colonies in the Chesapeake region and the British colonies in New England in the period from 1607 to 1754.
One important similarity between the British colonies in the Chesapeake region and the British colonies in New England in the period from 1607 to 1754 is that their relationship with the natives became violent overtime. For example, in both colonies, colonists began to forcefully conquer the land for themselves for agricultural reasons. This shows one similarity between the two because they both developed a violent relationship with the natives and began to conquer the land more forcefully.
Briefly explain one similarity between the goals of the English and the Spanish in establishing colonies
One important similarity between the goals of the Spanish and the English in establishing colonies in the Americas prior to the 1700s is that they both had to do with God, glory, and gold. For example, the Spanish's main goal and motivation was God, glory, and gold and when the English established their colonies, they brought culture and religion while also paving a way to a greater economy and greater political power. Therefore, they both led to the distinct advancement of both regions, which shows how God, glory, and gold played a role since they were both results of colonization and greatly expanded Spanish and English power.
Despite Washington's warnings about creating political parties, those parties did form. Explain one reason, based on foreign policy differences, that those parties did form.
One reason those parties formed was due to the differing opinions on foreign policy, such as foreign relations and whether or not certain nations could be allies. For example, the Federalists did not trust the French, whereas the Anti-Federalists did and wanted to ally with them. Thus, with conflicting opinions on the topic of foreign alliances, the two parties would form in order to settle the issues.
"One of the expedients of Party to acquire influence, within particular districts, is to misrepresent the opinions and aims of other districts. You cannot shield yourselves too much against the jealousies and heart burnings which spring from these misrepresentations. They tend to render Alien to each other those who ought to be bound together by fraternal affection." -President Washington's Farewell Address Despite Washington's warnings about creating political parties, those parties did form. Explain one reason, based on economic policy differences, that those parties did form
One reason those parties formed was the difference in economic policies such as the national bank. For example, the Federalists supported the bank, whereas the Anti-Federalists opposed it. Thus, with contrasting opinions on the topic of the national bank, two political parties formed in order to help dictate the government's decisions by election and the will of the majority.
Despite Washington's warnings about creating political parties, those parties did form. Explain one reason, based on beliefs concerning the role of the national government that those parties did form.
One reason those parties formed were different beliefs concerning the role of the national government and their power over the people. For example, the Federalists hoped the government would be involved with the nation and its people, whereas the Anti-Federalists didn't as a result of fear over the possibility that they would be like the British. This shows how the parties would form since they had differing opinions on whether or not the national government should be involved with the nation and its people.
Briefly explain how the Constitution addresses a criticism of the Articles
The Constitution addressed a criticism about the government's lack of power to tax under the Articles by granting the federal government the ability to tax. For example, to avoid any perception of "taxation without representation," the Articles of Confederation allowed only state governments to levy taxes and in order to pay for its expenses, the national government had to request money from the states. This shows how they directly addressed an issue of the Articles since the government under the Articles lacked any power to tax and the only way to pay for expenses was through the states, so the Constitution granted the federal government the ability to tax the people to fix this issue.
Briefly explain why ONE of the following options most clearly marks the beginning of the sectional crisis that led to the outbreak of the Civil War. · Missouri Compromise (1820) · Acquisition of Mexican territory (1848) · Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
The Kansas-Nebraska Act clearly marks the beginning of the sectional crisis that led to the outbreak of the Civil War. For example, this act permitted popular sovereignty, leading to masses of people going to each state trying to advocate for pro-slavery or anti-slavery. Thus, this marked the beginning of the sectional crisis that led to the outbreak of the Civil War since it further divided the North and South and resulted in people on all sides trying to flooding both territories in order to influence the vote in their favor.
Briefly explain why one of the following best exemplifies the development of American political values in the colonial period. Provide at least ONE PIECE of evidence to support your explanation. Virginia House of Burgesses Mayflower Compact Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
The Mayflower Compact best exemplifies the development of American political values in the colonial period. For example, with the Mayflower Compact , the Pilgrims pledged that they would make decisions by the will of the majority. Thus, with the introduction of the Mayflower Compact, an early foundation for the U.S.'s structure of a self-governing republic and a rudimentary written constitution was established
Explain how one of the above best exemplifies the influence of Enlightenment ideals on the development of American political values in the colonial period.
The Mayflower Compact best exemplifies the influence of Enlightenment ideals on the development of American political values since it hoped to ensure a functioning government structure through self-governance. During the Enlightenment, people advocated that the duty of the government was to protect the natural rights of the people. Thus, the Mayflower Compact best exemplifies this ideal since it protected the individual liberties of the people.
Briefly explain why one of the other options is not as useful to mark the beginning of the sectional crisis.
The Missouri Compromise isn't that useful to mark as the beginning of the sectional crisis since it resolved tensions somewhat between the North and the South. For example, they were debating on whether or not Missouri should be admitted as a slave state, and they eventually decided to admit Maine as a free state in order to keep the political balance. This shows how it isn't as useful to mark as the beginning of the sectional crisis since it resolved sectional tensions between the states.
Briefly explain one historical development that represents an accomplishment of the national government under the Articles of Confederation
The Northwest Ordinance represents an accomplishment of the national government under the AOC. For example, the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 established a government for the Northwest Territory, outlined the process for admitting a new state to the Union, and guaranteed that newly created states would be equal to the original thirteen state. This shows an accomplishment of the national government under the Articles of Confederation since it laid a foundation for Constitution.
Choose one of the following antebellum (pre-Civil War) reform movements of the 19th century. Briefly explain its goals. a. temperance c. abolition b. women's rights d. utopian socialism
The Women's Rights Movement advocated for the rights of women and their roles in society. For example, during this period, women had very limited roles in society and had little to no rights in the patriarchal society. Thus, this movement was formed in order to reform these ideas of societies and make women and men equal in rights and roles.
Choose ONE of the events listed below, and explain why your choice best represents the beginning of an American identity. Provide at least ONE piece of evidence to support your explanation. End of the Seven Years' War (French and Indian War) in 1763 Signing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776 Ratification of the United States Constitution in 1788
The end of the Seven Years' War best represents the beginning of an American identity. For example, following the war, the colonists had gained confidence in their abilities to stand up for themselves, in which they gained the confidence to want self-governance rather than be ruled by the British. This shows how the war best represents the beginning of an American identity because it marked the beginning of them soughting a better government for themselves due to them gaining confidence in their abilities because of their contributions in the war.
Provide a second piece of evidence to support your explanation.
The end of the Seven Years' War best represents the beginning of the American identity because it helped them realize that they shouldn't be ruled by the British. For example, with their new found confidence following the war, they had begun to develop trust in themselves to govern themselves and create a new national identity without the British, which in turn led them to go against the British's policies of taxation, such as the Tea Act. This shows how the end of the war best represents the beginning of the American identity because their confidence in their abilities helped them eventually revolt against the British and seek out a new national identity for themselves.
Identify the opposing party to Jefferson and Explain how they interpreted the Constitution and WHY they interpreted it that way.
The opposing party to Jefferson were the Federalists, in which they supported the Constitution since it gave the national government power. For example, the Federalists advocated for government involvement in the economy, foreign affairs, and laws so that their government would be strong. Thus, they supported the Constitution since it pushed for a strong government that was involved with the nation.
Briefly explain the point of view expressed by the artist about one of the following A. British taxation policies B. Colonial Rebellion C. Enlightenment ideals
The point of view expressed by the artist is how British taxation policies took away the liberties of the people. For example, the image showcases a noose on a "liberty tree" and a man being held by others while being poured what appears to be tea into his mouth. This shows the point of view expressed by the artist since it showcases what can be implied to be the consequences of the Tea Act and the other acts that would follow.
Briefly explain how western expansion either supports or refutes the idea of an "Era of Good Feelings."
Western expansion supported the Era of Good Feelings since a sense of unity and nationalism emerged. For example, with the idea of westward expansion, people were united in order to expand their nation whom they've grown to love. This shows how it supported the Era of Good Feelings since people were united in order to strengthen the U.S. and expand westward.
Contrast your choice against ONE of the other options, demonstrating why that option is not as good as your choice.
When compared to the ratification of the United States Constitution, the end of the Seven Years' War still triumphs when thinking about which best represented the beginning of the American identity and had the most impact. For example, the end of the Seven Years' War marked the beginning of the colonists wanting more for themselves, whereas the ratification of the United States Constitution only secured their independence and national identity. This shows that although the ratification of the Constitution played a big role, the end of the Seven Years' War built the foundation and created a stepping stone for the colonists to get to that point in the first place, in which they sought more for themselves.