APWH (Ch.1-5) Test
The first attempt to organize public life in China on a large scale occurred during the a. Shang dynasty. b. Yangshao culture. c. Xia dynasty. d. Zhou dynasty. e. Banpo period.
c
The first complex society was developed in the southern Mesopotamian land of a. Akkad. b. Assyria. c. Sumer. d. Babylonia. e. Palestine.
c
The later Mesopotamian people who built a large empire based on a powerful army with iron weapons and who made extensive use of terror were the a. Hittites. b. Hyksos. c. Assyrians. d. Babylonians. e. Hebrews.
c
The original homeland of the Indo-European speakers was a. Mesopotamia. b. northern Germany. c. southern Russia. d. India. e. Egypt.
c
The ultimate source of wealth in any agricultural society is a. gold. b. copper. c. land. d. control over the protective deities. e. the accumulation of weapons.
c
Vedic society was a. strongly matriarchal. b. marked by equality of the sexes. c. strongly patriarchal. d. alternately patriarchal and matriarchal depending upon which god was in power. e. strongly patriarchal until the creation of the Lawbook of Manu changed gender rules.
c
What individual believed that the gods had chosen him to "promote the welfare of the people . . . [and] to cause justice to prevail in the land?" a. Moses b. Nebuchadnezzar c. Hammurabi d. Sargon of Akkad e. Gilgamesh
c
Which of the following answers is correct chronologically? a. Xia, Zhou, Shang, Qin b. Shang, Yangshao, Xia, Zhou c. Yangshao, Xia, Shang, Zhou d. Yangshao, Shang, Xia, Zhou e. Zhou, Shang, Yangshao, Xia
c
Which of the following statements is not true of Homo erectus? a. They knew how to control fire. b. They developed language skills that enabled them to communicate complex ideas. c. They had brains roughly the same size as those of modern humans. d. They produced cleavers and hand axes. e. They walked upright on two legs.
c
Which of the following statements is true of the inhabitants of the Paleolithic Age? a. They had mastered writing. b. They domesticated animals. c. They were hunters and gatherers. d. They had discovered agriculture. e. They had mastered working with iron.
c
Around 3100 B.C.E., the conqueror Menes founded ________, a city that would serve as the capital for early Egypt. a. Heliopolis b. Kerma c. Uruk d. Memphis e. Thebes
d
Hatshepsut was a. a Mesopotamian king of the gods. b. the Hebrew term for their god. c. the first conqueror to unite all of Mesopotamia. d. a woman who ruled Egypt as pharaoh. e. the most important early city of the Harappan society.
d
Pharaohs in the Middle Kingdom were a. more powerful than pharaohs of the Old Kingdom. b. descended from a line of Babylonian kings. c. set on the throne by the Roman emperor Julius Caesar. d. less powerful than pharaohs of the Old Kingdom. e. sacrificed at age thirty-two to insure a bountiful harvest.
d
The Aryans were a. the priestly class of the Harappan society. b. Chinese merchants. c. the political remnants of the Harappan kings. d. Indo-Europeans. e. Germanic invaders.
d
The chief god of the early Aryans was a. Enlil. b. a mother goddess. c. Varuna. d. Indra. e. Manu.
d
The first simplified alphabet, containing only twenty-two letters, was created by the a. Mesopotamians. b. Assyrians. c. Hebrews. d. Phoenicians. e. Babylonians.
d
The mandate of heaven a. gave the Chinese emperors unlimited power. b. created the notion of the Chinese emperors as gods. c. positioned China as a theocracy ruled by priests. d. allowed the ruler to serve as a link between the heavens and the earth. e. originated with the Indo-Europeans before they reached China.
d
Which of the following groupings of early societies and their rivers is correct? a. Mesopotamia-Tigris and Euphrates; Egypt-Indus; Harappan-Nile; China-Huang He b. Mesopotamia-Nile; Egypt-Tigris and Euphrates; Harappan-Indus; China-Huang He c. Mesopotamia-Tigris and Euphrates; Egypt-Nile; Harappan-Huang He; China-Indus d. Mesopotamia-Tigris and Euphrates; Egypt-Nile; Harappan-Indus; China-Huang He e. Mesopotamia-Tigris and Euphrates; Egypt-Nile; Harappan-Indus; China-Yangzi
d
Which of the following is not a Semitic language? a. Hebrew b. Phoenician c. Aramic d. Sumerian e. Akkadian
d
Which statement about Harappan society is false? a. Most of their houses featured private showers and toilets. b. They traded extensively with the Mesopotamians. c. They had social distinctions. d. Their writings have provided a wealth of information for historians. e. They produced representational art.
d
Çatal Hüyük is significant because a. it marks the beginning of human civilization. b. it marks the first human use of tools. c. it was the site of the first human agriculture. d. it is one of the best known Neolithic settlements. e. it was the first instance of the use of a land bridge.
d
A Mesopotamian stepped pyramid was known as a a. coptic. b. eridu. c. lugal. d. lex talionis. e. ziggurat.
e
After the Aryans and Dravidians mixed and intermingled, a. Indra still remained the leading god. b. Indra disappeared completely. c. Amon-Re replaced Indra as the ruler of the gods. d. the worship of Indra evolved into a monotheistic religion. e. Indra receded into the background.
e
Evidence relating to trade indicates that Harappan India a. was isolated and did not trade. b. traded exclusively with China. c. traded exclusively with Egypt. d. imported substantially more than they exported. e. traded with Mesopotamia and Egypt (but mostly Mesopotamia)
e
From the period four million to one million years ago, which of the following flourished in east Africa? a. Homo sapiens sapiens. b. Homo erectus. c. Neandertal. d. Homo sapiens. e. Australopithecus.
e
Mesopotamian metalworkers discovered that if they alloyed copper and tin they could produce a. obsidian. b. steel. c. iron. d. silver. e. bronze.
e
The Bantu probably began their migrations because of a. invasions from the Mediterranean basin. b. a conscious desire for conquest. c. the threat of epidemic disease. d. a desire to spread their monotheistic faith. e. population pressures.
e
The Chinese copied their chariots from the a. Egyptians. b. Harappan Indians. c. Japanese. d. Koreans. e. the Indo-Europeans.
e
The Venus figurines a. were first found in the ruins of Çatal Hüyük. b. date back to the time of Australopithecus. c. were representative of the matriarchal societies of the Neolithic Age. d. are representations of the Goddess of Love found in Jericho. e. reflect early humans' deep interest in fertility.
e
The most influential ancient Indo-European migrants into southwest Asia were the a. Assyrians. b. Aryans. c. Hebrews. d. Babylonians. e. Hittites.
e
The tribes which, as early as 3000 B.C.E., began to spread their language and agricultural techniques throughout Africa were the a. Mali. b. Persians. c. Xiongnu. d. Kongo. e. Bantu.
e
The word Mesopotamia means a. the "pure land." b. the "land of the strong." c. "the blood of Gilgamesh." d. "wedge-shaped." e. "the land between the rivers."
e
Which river takes its name from loess soil? a. Yangzi b. Xi Jiang c. Chengdu d. Meking e. Huang He
e
A Babylonian resurgence of power was led in the sixth century B.C.E. by a. Nebuchadnezzar. b. Ashurbanipal. c. Solomon. d. Sargon. e. Hammurabi.
a
After 3000 B.C.E. all Sumerian cities were ruled by what form of government? a. monarchy b. councils of elders c. dictators d. assemblies of citizens e. military governors
a
Based on archaeological evidence from early Indian history, historians believe that a. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro served as economic and political centers. b. the Harappan world was one of constant civil war. c. the Chinese were a constant influence. d. there was little true culture in India before the arrival of the Indo-Europeans. e. early Indian cities remained small and unsophisticated by comparison to other ancient cities.
a
Because of the immense size of the Zhou state, its emperors were forced to a. rely on a decentralized system of government. b. rule through the use of incredible terror. c. establish a rule based on the accepted divinity of the ruler. d. bring in troops from their Indian allies. e. practice a rudimentary form of democracy.
a
By spreading their language across a huge stretch of Africa, the Bantu played a role similar to that played by the a. Indo-Europeans. b. Mongols. c. Xiongnu. d. Visigoths. e. Babylonians.
a
Egypt was united around 3100 B.C.E. by the conqueror a. Menes. b. Khufu. c. Sargon of Akkad. d. Hatshepsut. e. Hammurabi.
a
Evidence shows that the Mesopotamians a. traded extensively with peoples as far away as Anatolia, Egypt, and India. b. lived an isolated existence and did not trade. c. traded exclusively with the Egyptians. d. traded extensively until the time of the Assyrians when trade dropped to nothing. e. traded exclusively with the Phoenicians.
a
Horse-drawn chariots and bronze weapons were introduced into Egypt by the a. Hyksos. b. Babylonians. c. Kushites. d. Harappans. e. Qin.
a
In Mesopotamia, prisoners of war, convicted criminals, and heavily indebted individuals were the three main sources for a. slaves. b. indentured servants. c. dependent clients. d. mercenary soldiers. e. indentured priests.
a
In the mid-seventh century B.C.E. Egypt lost its independence and became a part of a. the Assyrian empire. b. the Arabic empire. c. the Persian empire. d. the Roman empire. e. the Harappan empire.
a
Mesopotamia developed into a. a strict patriarchal society. b. a society where the sexes enjoyed relative equality. c. a predominantly matriarchal society. d. a society with few social distinctions. e. a society dominated by a growing mercantile middle class.
a
Most scholars believe that, during the Paleolithic Age, social organization was characterized by a. a rough social equality. b. a ruling priestly class. c. a dominant class based on the private ownership of land. d. a ruling merchant class. e. a dominant matriarchal structure.
a
Much of early Harappan history remains a mystery because a. the archaeological remains are under water. b. they lacked a written language. c. their records were destroyed by a Mesopotamian invasion. d. the Aryans undertook a systematic destruction of Harappan written records. e. None of these are correct.
a
The Aryans came into India a. in a centuries-long migration. b. as part of a violent, organized military campaign. c. as religious pilgrims. d. after fleeing persecution in China. e. as a slave class that eventually rebelled against Harappan repression.
a
The Greek words meaning "holy inscriptions" refers to a. hieroglyphs. b. cuneiform. c. the Old Testament. d. the Phoenician alphabet. e. the Coptic script.
a
The Huang He River was given the nickname a. China's Sorrow. b. Mandate of Heaven. c. China's Father. d. Yellow Terror. e. Old Man.
a
The biggest military advantage of the Indo-Europeans was a. their horses. b. their use of bronze weapons. c. their use of iron weapons. d. their use of battering rams. e. their camels.
a
The earliest metal worked systematically by humans was a. copper. b. tin. c. bronze. d. iron. e. steel.
a
The first people in the world to use wheeled vehicles were the a. Sumerians. b. Assyrians. c. Egyptians. d. Phoenicians. e. Hebrews.
a
The most important aspect of the Aryan religion during the early Vedic times was a. the proper performance of ritual sacrifices. b. an ethical code of conduct. c. a tightly-structured monotheism. d. the acceptance of Indra as the redeemer. e. the enlightenment of the Buddha.
a
The task of butchering animals or handling dead bodies usually fell to the a. untouchables. b. shudras. c. vaishyas. d. jati. e. kshatriyas.
a
The term prehistory refers to the period before a. writing. b. the first hominid. c. the appearance of homo sapiens. d. 1000 B.C.E. e. the work of the Greek historian Herodotus.
a
Which of the following answers reflects the early varna hierarchy from highest to lowest? a. brahmins, kshatriyas, vaishyas, shudras b. kshatriyas, brahmins, vaishyas, shudras c. brahmins, kshatriyas, shudras, vaishyas d. kshatriyas, vaishyas, brahmins, shudras e. kshatriyas, brahmins, shudras, vaishyas
a
Which of the following languages is not of Indo-European origin? a. Egyptian. b. Sanskrit. c. Old Persian. d. Greek. e. Latin.
a
Which of the following societies began the custom of embalming to preserve the body for its life after death? a. Egypt b. Mesopotamia c. India d. China e. Persia
a
Which of the following statements about Australopithecus is not true? a. They produced cleavers and hand axes. b. They traveled deliberately over distances as far as fifteen kilometers. c. They walked on two legs, thus freeing their arms to work independently. d. They produced choppers and scrapers. e. They were hominids.
a
While Hammurabi's code was based on the concept of lex talionis, it was also shaped by a. social standing. b. the will of the Mesopotamian gods as expressed by the priestly class. c. the language spoken by the accused perpetrator. d. the age of the accused perpetrator. e. the religion of the victim.
a
With few precedents to guide them, the population of Mesopotamia adapted and created a. social organization. b. writing. c. agricultural cultivation. d. development of religion. e. competition amongst different groups.
a
Archaeologists have proven that two hundred thousand years ago in India a. the Aryan migration took place. b. Paleolithic communities existed. c. a war was fought between the Dravidians and the Mesopotamians. d. a prosperous Neolithic community existed. e. an active trading network existed with the Chinese.
b
Around 760 B.C.E. the Kushite King Kashta a. officially converted to the Egyptian gods. b. founded a dynasty that ruled Egypt for around a hundred years. c. formed a long-lasting trading agreement with Egypt, marking their first contact. d. surrendered to Assyrian domination. e. surrendered to Egyptian domination.
b
Cities differed from Neolithic villages in two principal ways. First, cities were larger and more complex than Neolithic villages. The second difference was that a. cities served the needs of their inhabitants and immediate neighbors. b. cities decisively influenced the economic, political, and cultural life of large regions. c. cities were less advanced militarily. d. cities had populations in the thousands. e. cities had protective deities.
b
Homo sapiens used superior knowledge, sophisticated tools, and language to a. build cities. b. exploit the natural world more efficiently than any other species. c. establish complex social and political institutions. d. make tools and fire. e. communicate limited ideas to each other.
b
In Hinduism the highest goal of the individual soul was a. to follow the Four Noble Truths. b. to escape the cycle of birth and rebirth and enter into permanent union with Brahman. c. to enter into permanent union with Indra and thus escape the cycle of permanent rebirth. d. to fulfill the individual's special destiny as spelled out in the process of predestination. e. to perform sati.
b
In which of the following societies did women enjoy the most freedom and opportunity? a. Mesopotamia b. Egypt c. Hebrews d. Assyria e. India
b
Iron metallurgy came to Mesopotamia from the a. Hebrews. b. Hittites. c. Phoenicians. d. Egyptians. e. Assyrians.
b
Many scholars believe that during the Paleolithic Age the relationship between the sexes was marked by a. a female-dominated society based on the importance of gathering edible plants. b. general social equality. c. a male-dominated society based on the preeminence of hunting. d. a male-dominated society based on sheer physical strength. e. a male-dominated society based on the central role of the male sun god.
b
Most of our information about the early Aryans comes from the a. Upanishads. b. Vedas. c. Dasas. d. Rajas. e. Book of Songs.
b
One of the biggest reasons for the decline of the Harappan society was a. a devastating plague. b. ecological degradation. c. a Chinese invasion. d. a Mesopotamian invasion. e. a bloody civil war.
b
The Babylonians eventually fell in 1595 B.C.E. to the a. Egyptians. b. Hittites. c. Sumerians. d. Hebrews. e. Akkadians.
b
The Bantu originally came from around a. the Swahili area. b. modern day Nigeria. c. far southern Africa. d. Egypt. e. modern day Algeria.
b
The Hyksos were a. nomads who eventually settled around the city of Babylon. b. external invaders who helped bring about the end of the Egyptian Middle Kingdom. c. Mesopotamian kings. d. the priestly class in ancient Egypt. e. demons who punished the wicked in the Egyptian underworld.
b
The Mesopotamian style of writing was known as a. demotic. b. cuneiform. c. hieroglyphs. d. coptic. e. alphabetic.
b
The Shang rulers were strengthened by their control over the technological advantage of a. iron. b. bronze. c. tin. d. copper. e. steel.
b
The earliest Egyptian and Nubian states were a. city states. b. small kingdoms. c. centralized empires. d. trading networks. e. unified early because of the unique nature of the Tigris.
b
The earliest of the three Neolithic craft industries was a. textile production. b. pottery. c. carpet weaving. d. metallurgy. e. weapon production.
b
The largest Egyptian pyramids were built during the a. Middle Kingdom. b. Old Kingdom. c. New Kingdom. d. Archaic period. e. Second Intermediary period.
b
What Aryan god was associated with war and rain? a. Varuna b. Indra c. Agni d. Krishna e. Inanna
b
Which dynasty laid the foundation for principles of government and political legitimacy? a. Xia b. Zhou c. Shang d. Qin e. Yangshao
b
With the development of languages, human beings were able to a. produce long cutting edges. b. accumulate knowledge and transmit it to new generations. c. begin to fashion sharp tools from animal bones. d. devise means for catching fish from deep waters. e. invent spear throwers.
b
Conditions for women in Mesopotamia a. increased dramatically over the centuries. b. reached their high point during the time of the Assyrians. c. grew increasingly worse over time. d. improved dramatically when women were allowed to do away with the veil. e. were always very good; women had tremendous personal freedoms.
c
Gilgamesh was associated with what city? a. Jerusalem. b. Kish. c. Uruk. d. Lagash. e. Ur.
c
Harappan religion a. focused on the worship of the sun. b. was strongly monotheistic. c. reflected a strong concern for fertility. d. focused on the worship of the moon. e. is the same as Hinduism.
c
Horse-drawn chariots were first invented by the a. Egyptians. b. Assyrians. c. Hittites. d. Babylonians. e. Hyksos.
c
If the Greek historian Herodotus had known of the Harappan society, he might have used the phrase "the gift of the __________" to describe it. a. Nile b. Tigris c. Indus d. Yangtze e. Eurphrates
c
In Africa, iron metallurgy a. was introduced by Persian merchants. b. did not appear until after the rise of trans-Saharan trade. c. arose independently. d. began after an odd meeting between a Kushite king and the Egyptian explorer Harkhuf. e. was imported into the continent by trade with the Mesopotamians.
c
Mohenjo-daro was a. the mother goddess of the earliest Indian society. b. an important early thinker in the rise of Hinduism. c. one of the two main cities of the Harappan society. d. a collection of early Indian religious texts. e. the combination of two Indian sun gods.
c
One of the earliest known agricultural techniques was a. crop rotation. b. hunting and gathering. c. slash and burn. d. crop substitution. e. the use of the horse-drawn plow.
c
One of the interpretations of the early human cave paintings is that they represent a. positive proof of the limited intellectual world of the early human. b. early worship of the forces of evil. c. a variety of sympathetic magic. d. the first conscious development of art for its own sake. e. a complicated, and so far indecipherable, written language.
c
Some scholars believe that, after the collapse of the Harappan society, Harappan deities a. disappeared completely. b. quickly became the only gods of the Indo-Europeans. c. survived and found a place in the Hindu pantheon. d. survived in Southeast Asia after the Harappan migration. e. were transformed into destructive dragons by the Aryans.
c
The Aryans believed that Varuna a. was the founder of India. b. represented war and rain. c. oversaw the behavior of mortals and preserved the cosmic order. d. determined the caste that souls entered into as part of transmigration. e. wrote the Lawbook of Manu.
c
The Egyptians were the most imperialistic during the a. First Intermediary period. b. Archaic period. c. New Kingdom. d. Old Kingdom. e. Middle Kingdom.
c
The Greek historian Herodotus used the phrase "the gift of the _______" to describe Egypt a. Indus b. Huang He c. Nile d. Tigris e. Issus
c
The Indo-Europeans who entered India called themselves Aryans, which means a. "agents of the lord king." b. "horse masters." c. "noble people." d. "people of Indra." e. "the pure."
c
The Upanishads were a. the priestly class from the caste system. b. a branch of the Indo-Europeans who settled in northern India. c. commentaries and reflections on the Vedas. d. warriors. e. the untouchables.
c
The creator of the first empire in Mesopotamia was a. Hammurabi. b. Moses. c. Sargon of Akkad. d. Gilgamesh. e. Nebuchadnezzar.
c
The earliest known urban society in India was the a. Bantu. b. Indo-European. c. Harappan. d. Sumerian. e. Hindu.
c
The earth came into existence around a. five hundred million years ago. b. one billion years ago. c. four to five billion years ago. d. ten billion years ago. e. twenty-seven billion years ago.
c