APWH Chapters 23-25

Which of the following states developed constitutional states in the seventeenth century

England and the Netherlands

All of the following were reasons for the European interest in finding a maritime trade route EXCEPT

Mongol domination had caused trade along the Silk Roads to stop

The first European nation to dominate trade with Asia was

Portugal

"Without doubt there is in these lands a very large quantity of gold . . . And also there are stones, and there are precious pearls and infinite spicery . . . And also here there is probably a great quantity of cotton; and I think that it would sell very well here without taking it to Spain but to the big cities belonging to the Grand [Mongol] Khan" What does the quote above reveal about Columbus?

That his beliefs, both about the resources and location of the Caribbean Islands, were grossly inaccurate

The Portuguese began to show much more interest in Brazil

after the establishment of profitable sugar plantations

The British initially made use of Australia

as a penal colony

The religious struggle in Europe between Catholics and Protestants resulted in

cultural fragmentation into a largely Protestant north and a Catholic south

In Latin America, the conquistadors

eventually lost control to administrators of the Spanish Crown

The Portuguese dominance of trade was dependent on their ability to

force merchant ships to call at fortified trading sites and pay duties

Russian merchants and explorers began their expansion into Siberia in the quest for

furs

In the long term, the Columbian Exchange

increased world population because of the spread of new food crops

The first plentiful labor force for North America was

indentured servants

Spanish colonists who were born in Europe were known as

peninsulares

All of the following were part of Peter the Great's policy of westernization EXCEPT

political liberalization and democratic reforms

The explosion of witch-hunting in the sixteenth century was most probably caused by

tensions between Catholics and Protestants

The most important factor in explaining the Spanish victory over the Aztecs and Incas was

the devastating loss of life caused by smallpox

Henry VII's reformation in England

was much more politically motivated than Luther's reformation