ART-110-160 Chapter Fourteen

Which pharaoh changed Egyptian culture from polytheism to monotheism during the Amarna period?

Akhenaten.

Which 20th-century artist was inspired by Cycladic art?

Alberto Giacometti.

The Romans are best known for which two areas of artistic development?

Architecture and engineering.

Which animal was most often found in art associated with martial aspects of ancient Greece and Rome?

Horse.

What was the gold of Tutankhamun's burial mask supposed to signify?

Immortality.

What did the second Hellenistic style prefer over previous Classical values?

Extreme emotion and dynamic poses.

True of false: The age of the Aegean art and culture followed the collapse of the Egyptian civilization.

False.

True of false: The pinnacle of art was reached during the "classical period" and has not been matched since.

False.

Numerous female statuettes of differing styles, found over a span of thousands of years and across a wide region, were often thought to be __________ figures, meant to promote pregnancy and childbirth.

Fertility

The mummy case of the Roman subject Artemidoros shows what cultural evidence of two civilizations that were conquered by the Romans?

Greek letters and Egyptian gods.

During which period of Greek history did Rome become prominent?

Hellenistic.

Which Upper Paleolithic Period paintings were believed to be the oldest paintings in Europe until the discovery of other paintings in 1996?

Lascaux cave paintings.

What artistic period is the "krater" from?

Late Geometric period.

In ancient Mesopotamia, a __________ was associated with kingly power, and was often seen in sculptures depicting rulers.

Lion

How does Narmer's pose reflect the Egyptian requirements for depiction of the body?

Lower body is in profile, eye is frontal, and torso is full frontal.

One of the most popular events held inside the 6-acre oval expanse of the Colosseum was __________.

Man-against-man and man-against animal contests.

Why was the discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb particularly significant?

Most of the previously discovered ancient Egyptian tombs had been looted.

What Aegean culture created the "rhyton", or drinking cup?

Mycenaean.

What artistic style does the sculpture of Sargon 1 exhibit, which is rarely seen in early art?

Naturalism.

What assumptions can you make about Minoan culture by studying the "Toreador Fresco"?

People loved sports and games, and people were lighthearted and cheerful.

How does the amphora show the evolution of Greek art?

Red-figure style of painting, nude males and clothed females, and more natural figures.

What are the similarities between Egyptian sculpture and early Greek sculpture as seen in this Kouros figure?

Sense of stone block, one leg forward, and clenched hands.

Because most Greek bronze sculptures have been melted down, how were scholars able to learn about Greek sculpture?

Studying Roman marble copies.

The sculpture "Akhenaten and His Family" is an example of a __________, where the figures do not project upward from the surface but are modeled below the surface.

Sunken relief.

What are three examples of Roman architecture and engineering?

Colosseum, Pont du Gard, and Pantheon.

What is the principal message of Egyptian art?

Continuity.

When was the Babylonian empire established by the Amorites?

1830 B.C.E.

What are the some characteristics that define the Neolithic period?

Cultivation of fruits and grains, domestication of animals, and new types of stone tools.

The writing system that was developed in Mesopotamia and used for 3,000 years was called __________, which is Latin for "wedge-shaped."

Cuneiform.

What type of columns were used on the Parthenon?

Doric.

What did the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius help to preserve?

Roman frescoes.

Ziggurats, which could be seen for miles around, were considered to be a __________ or a meeting place for heaven and earth.

Symbolic mountaintop

In ancient Greece, sculpture, painting, and architecture were described as "things requiring a special body of knowledge of skill to make," or __________.

Techne.

What were the three major ancient Aegean cultures?

The Minoans, Cycladics, and Mycenaeans.

What impression did portraits often set into mausoleum facades to give?

The dead looking out at the living.

What two bodies of water were ancient in Mesopotamia?

Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.

What does the Greek world "kouroi (singular kouros)" mean?

Boys or youth.

Which two of the three sites are sites of Paleolithic art work? a. Chauvet Cave b. Lascaux Cave c. Stonehenge

Chauvet Cave and Lascaux Cave.

Which of the following are characteristics common to the architecture of ancient Sumer, Egypt, Greece, and Rome?

Structures were built with lasting permanence in mind, and the largest structures were often temples or shrines.

What is "entasis"?

A slight bulge in columns.

The Classical period encompasses both ancient Greeks and Romans.

True.

What is the last period of Greek art that also refers to the spread of Greek culture?

Hellenistic.

What is the most famous architectural creation of the Egyptians?

Pyramid.

Which period of Greek art do scholars consider to be the finest?

Classical.

What is the most significant trait of the Neo-Babylonian wall?

It features a true arch, an architectural feature often associated with the Romans.

How is the Roman sculpture of the emperor Marcus Aurelius significant?

It is the only surviving equestrian portrait from Roman times, and it has influenced many sculptures since its rediscovery.

What reason did the Greeks have for not displaying female nudity in art?

Women were primarily domestic, which was considered private.