The Heart

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what surface(s) is the left ventricle located on?

Diaphragmatic surface & left pulmonary surface

What anatomical feature of the heart prevents the SA node from causing direct ventricular contraction? Why doesn't the entire heart contract with the SA node?

Fibrous skeleton of the heart - It acts as an electrical insulator between the atria and ventricles by facilitating their independent contraction

What forms the base of the heart?

Left Atrium

What forms the apex of the heart?

Left Ventricle

What chamber(s) contract with an impulse initiated at the SA node?

Left and right atrium

Which ventricle performs the most work?

Left ventricle

What makes up the left cardiac border?

Left ventricle and some of left auricle

what portion(s) of the heart is make up the diaphragmatic surface?

Left ventricle and some of the right ventricle

What valve is located on the left ventricular apex?

Mitral

What valve is located on the left upper sternal border?

Pulmonic

What forms the right border of the heart?

Right Atrium

What forms the anterior/inferior surface of the heart?

Right Ventricle

What makes up the superior cardiac border?

Right atrium and auricle Left atrium and auricle Ascending aorta Pulmonary trunk SVC enters heart

What cardiac border is made up of only the right atrium? how far does it extend?

Right border - SVC to IVC

Differentiate between the muscle innervated by the left and right bundles

Right bundle stimulates interventricular septum, moderator band, papillary muscles, and walls of the right ventricle. Left bundle stimulates interventricular septum, papillary muscles and walls of left ventricle.

Which coronary artery supplies the AV and SA nodes in the majority of people?

Right coronary artery

what surface(s) is the right atrium located on?

Right pulmonary surface

What is located on the anterior surface of the heart?

Right ventricle

What makes up the inferior cardiac border?

Right ventricle and some of left ventricle

From the SA node, describe the electrical pathway to termination in the ventricles

SA node --> AV node --> AV bundle --> bundle of His --> purkinje fibers

What makes the 'dub' sound?

Semilunar closure

What valve is located on the left lower sternal border?

Tricupsid

What makes the 'lub' sound?

AV closure

Location of the SA node

Above the right atrium

What valve is located on the right upper sternal border?

Aortic

What portion of the heart stays motionless during the cardiac cycle?

Apex

Where do you find the point of maximal intensity? Where do you hear heart sounds the best?

Apex

What portion of the heart faces posteriorly toward T6-T9?

Base

Location of the AV node

Between right atrium and ventricle


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