The Heart
what surface(s) is the left ventricle located on?
Diaphragmatic surface & left pulmonary surface
What anatomical feature of the heart prevents the SA node from causing direct ventricular contraction? Why doesn't the entire heart contract with the SA node?
Fibrous skeleton of the heart - It acts as an electrical insulator between the atria and ventricles by facilitating their independent contraction
What forms the base of the heart?
Left Atrium
What forms the apex of the heart?
Left Ventricle
What chamber(s) contract with an impulse initiated at the SA node?
Left and right atrium
Which ventricle performs the most work?
Left ventricle
What makes up the left cardiac border?
Left ventricle and some of left auricle
what portion(s) of the heart is make up the diaphragmatic surface?
Left ventricle and some of the right ventricle
What valve is located on the left ventricular apex?
Mitral
What valve is located on the left upper sternal border?
Pulmonic
What forms the right border of the heart?
Right Atrium
What forms the anterior/inferior surface of the heart?
Right Ventricle
What makes up the superior cardiac border?
Right atrium and auricle Left atrium and auricle Ascending aorta Pulmonary trunk SVC enters heart
What cardiac border is made up of only the right atrium? how far does it extend?
Right border - SVC to IVC
Differentiate between the muscle innervated by the left and right bundles
Right bundle stimulates interventricular septum, moderator band, papillary muscles, and walls of the right ventricle. Left bundle stimulates interventricular septum, papillary muscles and walls of left ventricle.
Which coronary artery supplies the AV and SA nodes in the majority of people?
Right coronary artery
what surface(s) is the right atrium located on?
Right pulmonary surface
What is located on the anterior surface of the heart?
Right ventricle
What makes up the inferior cardiac border?
Right ventricle and some of left ventricle
From the SA node, describe the electrical pathway to termination in the ventricles
SA node --> AV node --> AV bundle --> bundle of His --> purkinje fibers
What makes the 'dub' sound?
Semilunar closure
What valve is located on the left lower sternal border?
Tricupsid
What makes the 'lub' sound?
AV closure
Location of the SA node
Above the right atrium
What valve is located on the right upper sternal border?
Aortic
What portion of the heart stays motionless during the cardiac cycle?
Apex
Where do you find the point of maximal intensity? Where do you hear heart sounds the best?
Apex
What portion of the heart faces posteriorly toward T6-T9?
Base
Location of the AV node
Between right atrium and ventricle
