Art Appreciation Chapter 4, Art Section II

Jenifer Steinkamp uses time and motion in what ways in her piece Dervish?

Allowed the actions of the viewer to effect the sequence of the video Created a digital animation of trees that change on cue

What harmony uses adjacent colors on the color wheel?

Analogous

Aerial perspective is also known as what kind of perspective?

Atmospheric

How does Jacques Callot use contour lines in this drawing?

By capturing the major forms of the horse

How does Peter Paul Ruben convey dynamic action and movement in his painting Raising of the Cross?

By placing forms and objects on a diagonal

How does Jan Vermeer elicit calm emotions in his piece Young Woman with a Water Pitcher?

By placing various hues and values of blue throughout the composition By depicting a calm domestic subject matter

Which aspects best describes the additive color mixing process?

Can create lighter hues Associated with film and video

Which are examples of using real light?

Candle illuminating a sculpture Sculpture light by artificial light

Linear perspective was often used with what technique to create depth on a picture plane?

Chiaroscuro

What color harmony is more likely to "react" with a color in a palette?

Complementary

The concave and convex areas on Bill Reid's The Raven and the First Men shows what technique?

Considered how the piece would interact with real light sources

How do most artists use color theories to their advantage?

Control how colors interact

Visual cues can give a flat surface the appearance of what three-dimensional space?

Depth

What kind of line can push an image forward or backward for the viewer?

Diagonal

When an artist chooses an area of a composition to highlight or draw attention to, this is called ______.

Emphasis

True or false: Texture in a work of art can only be experienced through touch.

False

True or false: Using the central axis determines if a piece is asymmetrically balanced.

False

What challenges did Ansel Adams face when creating his pieces?

Finding locations that captured scale and rhythm

What does the patterns used in Samuel Fosso's self-portrait do to the image?

Flatten

When choosing his landscapes what did Ansel Adams attempt to do with his photographs?

Focus on the subject

Linear perspective applies to any form that recedes into the distance, which is an effect known as ______.

Foreshortening

A cube, a pyramid, and a circle are examples of what kind of shapes and masses?

Geometric

Why did Albrecht Dürer author books about geometry and measurements when he returned from Italy?

He wanted German artists to have a guide on how to create proportional figures.

Which figures are foreshortened in Hans Baldung Grien's The Groom and the Witch?

Horse Groom

What happens when gray is added to a hue?

intensity lowers

How can a sense of three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional surface be created using flat shapes?

Images can be overlapped to imply regression into the background.

Which are types of space?

Implied Actual

Which are color properties?

Intensity Hue Value

What happens when gray is added to a hue?

Intensity lowers

What does the architecture of the Guggenheim Museum encourage visitors to do?

Investigate

What does movement have to do with Nick Cave's Soundsuits?

It allowed Cave to express his feelings tangibly

How does pattern affect some of the visual elements present in Samuel Fosso's self-portrait?

It distorts or obliterates the mass of the objects.

What is a kinetic work of art?

It features one or more moving parts

When does an artist know a composition is balanced?

It looks or feels visually balanced

Thomas Eakins uses what kind of forms to create the lines needed in his painting The Biglin Brothers Racing?

Linear

When a color harmony is hard to recognize it is possible that it is what kind of palette?

Open

Hatching, cross-hatching, and stippling are methods that use lines or dots to create value through what means?

Optical Mixing

What does symmetry in art often represent?

Order, harmony, and authority

What term categorizes masses and shapes that are irregular and evoke the living forms of nature?

Organic

What line type indicates the outer edge of a shape?

Outline

Which line type indicates the outer edge of a shape?

Outline

The human brain responds to color in what ways?

Physiologically Emotionally Psychologically

What can an artist use to create an afterimage?

Place complementary colors of the same value in a composition

Size relationships between parts of a whole, or between two or more items perceived as a unit, is known as ______.

Proportion

Which combination of colors is considered a triadic harmony?

Red, Blue, Yellow

What Gestalt theory explains why the viewer sees a triangle?

Reification

Who used the golden section?

Renaissance architects and artists

How can the principle of rhythm be identified?

Repetition of elements in a composition

To create visual mass in a two-dimensional image, artist will use what kind of light?

Representational

What principle of design was essential to Ansel Adams's compositions in his photographs?

Rhythm

Which principle applies when elements create a pattern in a work of art?

Rhythm

What principle of design refers to the size of an object in relation to a standard or expected size?

Scale

How do most artists use color theories to their advantage?

control how colors interact

If a line is drawn down the center of a composition, and each side corresponds to the other, what does this composition have?

Symmetrical balance

Colors that are the product of a primary color and a secondary color are labeled as ______ colors.

Tertiary Intermediate

What is normally experienced through touch?

Texture

Which work is an example of mass?

The Raven and the First Men

How does The Tabernacle Polyptych with Madonna and Child exhibit symmetrical balance?

The panels on either side balance visually. The orb balances against the child that sits off center.

Visual cues can give a flat surface the appearance of what three-dimensional space?

depth

How can an asymmetrical composition look balanced?

The visual weight on each side is similar

Jacques Callot's gestural drawing of a horse uses contour lines to do what?

To capture the form of the horse

How is the representation of light used in two-dimensional works of art?

To create visual mass

Henry Ossawa Tanner's The Banjo Lesson uses emphasis and subordination for what purpose?

To emphasize figures against the background To place emphasis on the banjo and the boy

How do artists use color harmonies?

To restrain color use in a composition

Abbott McNiell Whistler uses rhythm in his etching Billingsgate for what purpose?

To unify the various elements

Mona Hatoum uses actual texture to do what in the piece Dormiente?

Turn a familiar piece into something treacherous

What are the principles of design?

Unity and variety Balance Proportion and scale

What is an open palette?

Unlimited hues and their mixtures, tints, and shades

What is used to make a symmetrical composition if it does not possess absolute symmetry?

Visual weight

Theater combines red, blue, and green lights to create what color?

White

Which characteristics are needed to create unity and variety?

Wholeness Diversity Interest

How does Nick Cave create motion with Soundsuits?

With sculptural pieces to be worn and performed in

How does Henri Toulouse-Lautrec use variety in Divan Japonais?

With various colors

Which would be a complementary color scheme in a composition?

Yellow and purple

Of what does a monochromatic color scheme consist?

a single hue

In what ways does Rosalba Carreira emphasize the positive shapes in the portrait of Gustavus Hamilton?

-By limiting the color of the ground -By using texture to define positive shapes -By changing the color of the shapes

How does Jan Vermeer elicit calm emotions in his piece Young Woman with a Water Pitcher?

-By placing various hues and values of blue throughout the composition -By depicting a calm domestic subject matter

By using vertical and diagonal lines, what can an artist accomplish?

-Create movement -Direct the viewer's attention

Which are types of line?

-Implied -Directional -Contour

The human brain responds to color in what ways?

-Physiologically -Psychologically -Emotionally

Which are examples of using real light?

-Sculpture light by artificial light -Candle illuminating a sculpture

In what ways are the palette for an artist considered?

-The surface used to mix colors -A select set of colors an artist is using

Which are types of space?

-actual -implied

How is depth created in two-dimensional works of art?

-overlapping -position

Which are types of texture?

-pattern -visual -actual

Which are color properties?

-value -intensity -hue

Which statement accurately describes balance in a composition?

A composition is balanced when it looks visually balanced.

What are ways to create an asymmetrical composition?

A simple form balanced with a complex form. Contrasting color values on the same size forms. Smaller elements balanced with a large form.

Of what does a monochromatic color scheme consist?

A single hue

In Gustav Klimt's painting Death and Life, which general principle of visual balance applies?

A smaller dark form can balance a larger light form

What is an implied shape?

A suggested but not explicitly outlined form used to harmonize a composition

Hatching, cross-hatching, and stippling are methods that use lines or dots to create value through what means?

optical mixing

A shape that is emphasized due to its complimentary shape is known as

positive

To create visual mass in a two-dimensional image, artist will use what kind of light?

representational

Artists working with select pigments and their mixtures, tints, and shades are described as using what kind of palette?

restricted

When an artists adds black to a hue to get a darker color, the value created is known as ______.

shade

A line that occupies a surface are with identifiable boundaries is called

shape

What interacts with other visual elements of an artwork to give them definition?

space

What light source used in the painting Boys on the Beach is the artist Joaquin Sorolla trying to depict?

sun

Actual texture in a work of art is experienced through what sense?

touch

Shades of light and dark are also known as ______.

values

Which characteristics best describe an implied line?

-It directs the viewer's eye without explicitly depicting a line. -It's an imaginary line that a viewer uses to follow the gaze of a figure.

What does Gijsbrechts do in Trompe l'oeil with Studio Wall and Vanitas Still-Life to create visual texture?

-Mimic wood texture using paint -Use implied light

What kind of texture does Mona Hatoum uses in her work Dormiente?

Actual

Which are types of texture?

Actual Visual Pattern

What kind of balance is used in Edgar Degas's Before the Ballet?

Asymmetrical

The gradual blurring and bluish tinting of elements as they recede into the background characterizes what kind of perspective?

Atmospheric

How does the artist create contrasting texture in this work?

By leaving some rough areas

In what way does Rosalba Carreira emphasize the positive shapes in the portrait of Gustavus Hamilton?

By using texture to define positive shapes By changing the color of the shapes By limiting the color of the ground

How does Henri Cartier-Bresson keep his photograph from appearing static?

By using vertical arched railing to frame and direct the viewer

What value technique is known for creating the illusion of three-dimensional forms on a two-dimensional plane?

Chiaroscuro

What do trained artists generally do to create a composition?

Combine experience with an understanding of the elements and principles of design

The lines that establish the outside borders of a three-dimensional form are what kind of lines?

Contour

What are the two primary uses of line art?

Convey direction and motion Establish shape by denoting borders

By using vertical and diagonal lines, what can an artist accomplish?

Create movement Direct the viewer's attention

What is isometric perspective?

Diagonal lines that are parallel without converging

Variety adds what aspects to an image?

Difference Interest

On the primal level, how can color effect a person?

Emotionally

For what was Albrecht Dürer best known?

Engraving

Anish Kapoor used space in Cloud Gate to encourage ______.

Exploration

When designing Villa Savoye, Le Corbusier used what to base the proportions?

Golden section

Mixing pigments that are complementary on the color wheel will produce what color?

Grayish brown

How did Frank Gehry encourage exploration in the Guggenheim Museum?

He eliminated walls

How does Jean-Antoine Watteau use implied line in the work The Embarkation for Cythera?

He guides the viewer from one side of the canvas to the other.

How does James Abbott McNeill Whistler keeps the rhythm from appearing lifeless in Billingsgate?

He varies the angles the masts lay

How does Joaquuin Sorolla create a realistic depiction of representational light in the painting Boys on the Beach?

Highlights and shadows follow the direction of the sun.

The contrast of materials and textures makes the viewer aware of what?

How colonization encountered other civilizations

What kind of line, though perceived by the viewer, is not explicitly depicted?

Implied

Which are types of line?

Implied Directional Contour

When objects are layered and positioned in particular ways on a picture plane, what can be created?

Implied depth

What kind of perspective do Islamic painters frequently use because it allows for scenes to be depicted as they might be seen from God's perspective?

Isometric

How does the knowledge of the elements and principles of design inform the viewer?

It allows the viewer to appreciate the act of seeing a work of art.

What does space do?

It defines other visual elements

What does space do?

It defines other visual elements.

Look at this image. How does pattern affect some of the visual elements present in Samuel Fosso's self-portrait?

It distorts or obliterates the mass of the objects

Which characteristics best describe an implied line?

It's an imaginary line that a viewer uses to follow the gaze of a figure It directs the viewer's eye without explicitly depicting a line

The traced path of a moving point is the definition of what element of art?

Line

Exemplified in Leonardo da Vinci's drawing The Virgin and Saint Anne with the Christ Child and John the Baptist, chiaroscuro is what type of value technique?

Modeling

Exemplified in Leonardo da Vinci's drawing The Virgin and Saint Anne with the Christ Child and John the Baptist, chiaroscuro is what type of value technique?

Modeling---Chiaroscuro involves the modeling of light and dark to create visual mass.

Because the work Chanter by Emmi Whitehorse is mostly tints and shades of one color, it has what kind of color scheme?

Monochromatic

Compositions composed of a single hue in different values and intensity are classified as ______.

Monochromatic

As depicted in Evening, Honfleur, Seurat's "dots," or use of pointillism, represent what coloring technique?

Optical mixing

How can linear perspective be easily recognized in an image?

Parallel lines converge at a central point.

The decorative, designs in Samuel Fosso's self-portrait is an example of ______.

Pattern

Anish Kapoor makes the viewer aware of the space Cloud Gate occupies in what ways?

People can touch the piece Viewer's can walk under the piece Surrounding space is reflected

A flat surface used to create a work of art without creating visual depth is called ______.

Picture plane

The flat surface used when creating two-dimensional works is known as ______.

Picture plane

Which artist is known for using triadic harmony in his works of art?

Piet Mondrian

How is depth created in two-dimensional works of art?

Position Overlapping

Complementary harmonies using a basic color wheel will consist of one primary color and what other kind of color?

Secondary

What did travels to Italy inspire Albrecht Dürer to do?

Seek the perfect human form

Current color theory bases most of its research off of whose experiments?

Sir Isaac Newton

What interacts with other visual elements of an artwork to give them definition?

Space

By using various dark values in the foreground and limiting the lighter values in the background, The Banjo Lesson presents what characteristics?

Subordination of the table cloth and pitcher Emphasis on the young boy and older man

What light source used in the painting Boys on the Beach is the artist Joaquin Sorolla trying to depict?

Sun

What did Leonardo da Vinci's Study of Human Proportions According to Vitruvius intend to illustrate?

The ancient idea of perfect human proportions

How is the viewer aware of the materials used in this coconut-shell cup?

The artist leaves certain areas on the coconut rough.

Which of the following best describes the type of shape used in this Puebloan pitcher?

The darker shapes are both positive and negative. The lighter shapes are both positive and negative.

In what ways does Santiago Calatrava use rhythm in his piece Wave?

The reflection of the wave is shown in the water. Rhythm is created through the use of sound when the piece moves. The use of line and motion recreates the motion of ocean waves.

In what ways did the Benin in Africa use hierarchal scale?

The size of the king's head is proportionally larger than the servants The larger figure is the king and placed higher The smaller figures at the king's attendants

What are negative shapes in a work of art?

They make up visual space surrounding figures

Of what does a triadic harmony consist?

Three colors equidistant on the color wheel

How does the work Dormiente create visual texture?

Through the viewer's experience with similar textures

When an artists adds a hue to white to get a lighter color, the value created is known as ______.

Tint

Why does John Frederick Kensett use atmospheric perspective in his work Lake George?

To create a naturalistic landscape

In what ways does Edouard Manet use balance in his piece A Bar at the Folies-Bergère?

To direct the viewer with a visual guide To make the viewer an active participant

For what reasons does Leonardo da Vinci uses linear perspective in The Last Supper?

To imply radiating lines coming from Jesus To guide the viewer to the center of the composition

In Georges de la Tour's painting The Magdalen with Smoking Flame, why does the artist subordinate the symbolic objects?

To place emphasis on the figure of Mary's upper torso To allow for thoughtful examination of the symbolic objects

Why does Alexander Calder use movement in his piece Carmen?

To represent the fragility of time

Asif Khan created a timed sequence of Megafaces Kinetic Facade for what reason?

To send a timely text to models to see their portraits

Actual texture in a work of art is experienced through what sense?

Touch

Because analogous colors are adjacent one another on the color wheel, the colors can create what kind of emotion?

Tranquil

By using an analogous color scheme in the piece Magnolias and Irises, Louise Comfort Tiffany is able to create what kind of atmosphere for the viewer?

Tranquil

What technique do artists use to recreate natural textures on a flat painted surface?

Trompe l'oeil

What does the repetition of certain elements in a work of art provide?

Unity within the design

Look at this image. What does Gijsbrechts do in Trompe l'oeil with Studio Wall and Vanitas Still-Life to create visual texture?

Use implied light Mimic wood texture using paint

What approaches does Annette Messager use to aid the viewer in understanding Mes Voeux?

Various body parts Repetition of shapes Repetition of text

What does Mona Hatoum consider when viewers encounter the work Dormiente?

Viewers will project their own encounters of similar texture.

Unity based on the elements of art, such as shape, line and color, is called ______ unity.

Visual

How is texture experienced when it is first encountered?

Visually

In an architectural interiors, what provides the boundaries for space?

Walls

Colors on the red-orange side of the color wheel are described as what kind of colors?

Warm

How does Devorah Sperber use optical color mixture in her work Hendrix?

With spools of thread to create an image

What kind of texture does Mona Hatoum uses in her work Dormiente?

actual

A work of art consisting of cool colors can be labeled as ______.

analogous

Which work is described as having a monochromatic color scheme?

chanter

Although Emmi Whitehorse's Chanter is consider monochromatic, it can also be labeled as ______.

complementary

The lines that establish the outside borders of a three-dimensional form are what kind of lines?

contour

The perpendicular layering of closely spaced lines over one another to simulate areas of dark or shadow is defined as ______.

cross-hatching

What kind of line can push an image forward or backward for the viewer?

diagonals

On the primal level, how can color effect a person?

emotionally

The shape that is visually detached from a background is known as

figure

The shape that is visually detached from a background is known as ______.

figure

What does the patterns used in Samuel Fosso's self-portrait do to the image?

flatten

Mixing pigments that are complementary on the color wheel will produce what color?

grayish brown

Discussing shape as a background is also known as ______.

ground

What shape works to unify a work using incomplete information of shapes?

implied

What does Gijsbrechts use to create the trompe l'oeil effect in his painting Trompe l'oeil with Studio Wall and Vanitas Still-Life?

implied light

What does the architecture of the Guggenheim Museum encourage visitors to do?

investigate

A traced path of a moving point is the definition of what element of art?

line

A form that occupies a volume of space is known as

mass

A form that occupies a volume of space is known as ______.

mass

Because the work Chanter by Emmi Whitehorse is mostly tints and shades of one color, it has what kind of color scheme?

monochromatic

Compositions composed of a single hue in different values and intensity are classified as ______.

monochromatic

The flat surface used when creating two-dimensional works is known as ______.

picture plane

When analyzing how an object's surface may feel, with what do viewers identify?

texture

When an artists adds a hue to white to get a lighter color, the value created is known as ______.

tint

Because analogous colors are adjacent one another on the color wheel, the colors can create what kind of emotion?

tranquil

By using an analogous color scheme in the piece Magnolias and Irises, Louise Comfort Tiffany is able to create what kind of atmosphere for the viewer?

tranquil

What technique do artists use to recreate natural textures on a flat painted surface?

trompe

In an architectural interiors, what provides the boundaries for space?

walls

In an additive color mixing process of light, red, green, and blue combine to create ______.

white

Theater combines red, blue, and green lights to create what color?

white

How does Devorah Sperber use optical color mixture in her work Hendrix?

with spools of thread