Art Chapter 14/17

The _____ style was an era in Europe which focused on extravagance. It occurred at the same time that the colonists in America went through a period known as the starving time.

baroque

How does Versailles reflect Baroque splendor?

The lavish setting for Louis XIV features an ornate Hall of Mirrors, curves, and rich fabrics.

What was the only Baroque characteristic seen in Claude Lorrain's work The Abduction of Europa?

The manipulation of light

What Baroque quality can be seen in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles?

The opulent decorations and grand scale

Which statement indicates why this painting and others in this style appealed to French aristocrats and kings?

The painting reflects a dreamlike state which may have appealed to leaders who were weary of all the formal grandeur which accompanied their duties.

Despite the quiet theme shown in this work, Rubens has created a painting that seems to quiver with energy and movement. What characteristics lend itself to energy and movement?

-Movement occurs in many ways: the diagonal composition links the gods with the king, and Minerva speaks in the king's ear. -The textures in the garments are glistening which are worn by Minerva. The drapery of Jupiter and Juno cascade into the moving clouds.

The artwork of Jacques-Louis David and John Singleton Copley share what trait?

Linear and subtle modeling

Baroque was the art of cathedrals and palaces, whereas Rococo had a more ______ focus.

intimate

Who was a painter of the American Revolution?

Charles Willson Peale

Which sites contain Paleolithic art?

Chauvet Cave Willendorf Lascaux Cave

In examining this work, what emotion is the artist trying to show through the women who were placed on the side?

David is trying to show the emotion of sadness. They realize that one person they care about will be killed.

True or false: In examining the Baroque movement we can see how the Baroque style in the Dutch Netherlands was exactly the same as the characteristic of the Baroque style in France, Spain and Italy.

False

Although the painting shows a formal scene due to it being an official portrait, how does the artist show a warm everyday quality?

It appears to be that of an everyday scene. People are casually talking and moving in the scene.

What is the effect of Caravaggio's depiction of the stone slab covering Christ's tomb?

It projects forward directly involving viewers in the action of scene.

What is the effect of Caravaggio's depiction of the stone slab covering Christ's tomb? It projects forward d

It projects forward directly involving viewers in the action of scene.

What circumstance set Dutch Baroque art apart from other Baroque movements?

A powerful Dutch merchant class favored art focused on home, family, and business.

As a court painter, Velazquez painted Las Meninas. What appears unusual in the scene portrayed?

Diego Velázquez has painted himself in the scene.

Which are characteristics of 17th and 18th century European landscape paintings?

Focus on architecture De-emphasis of people Depiction of the immensity of the natural world

___ paintings takes life for its subject matter or the lives of ordinary people are considered as subject matter for art.

Genre

How did Caravaggio create an emotional impact which involved the church parishioners and the priest?

He placed the painting so that the head of the priest is eye level with the slab.

The success of Jacques-Louis David's The Oath of the Horatii was emblematic of the departure of Rococo and the arrival of ______, the official style of the Revolution.

Neoclassicism

How are the characteristics of French Baroque different from the Baroque period in Italy?

Originally Italian Baroque art was full of emotion, energy, movement and theatrical; however, it changed in each country.

The Church of San Carolo alle Quattro Fontane is famous for the use of ovals in its design. Which artist created this work and died before the facade was completed

Poussin

How does the artist, Artemisia Gentileschi project the figures in Judith and Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes into the viewers' space?

The artist lit the figures dramatically with the use of the flickering candle and plunged the background into shadow.

In 1787, Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun painted this portrait of Marie-Antoinette and her children for what specific purpose?

To foster good will and positive sentiment for the Queen and royal family

What does the wavering candle flame in Artemisia Gentileschi's Judith and the Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes serve?

To heighten the sense of danger

True or false? Baroque architecture was the art of cathedrals and places, large scale and dramatic; while, Rococo was extravagant and ornate, intimate and suitable for the aristocratic home.

True

Who are these people in the scene? Why are some people highlighted with light and others not?

Various individuals; those who paid more were highlighted

Gentle pastels used in the Rococo period are clearly opposite of the bold intense colors of the era known as ______.

Baroque

Which artist created this work using perspective in order to involve the viewer in the action?

Caravaggio

Which monarchs ruled their countries as virtual dictators during The Age of Kings?

Catherine the Great of Russia Maria Theresa of Austria King Louis of France

What baroque quality can be seen in Gianlorenzo Bernini's St. Theresa in Ecstacy?

Dramatic use of shadows

Despite the focus on the church building, why is this landscaping painting by Dutch artist Jacob van Ruisdael considered secular?

Even though religious art did not dominate art like it did in the Renaissance and the Italian Baroque art period, it still appeared as in this scene.

True or false: Women could not succeed as professional artist during the Baroque era.

False

Where did the Rococo style of architecture originate?

France

What did the prominence of Protestantism during the 17th century in the Netherlands mean?

Religious imagery and ornate churches were less prominent in artworks.

What is the term Rococo, an extension on the word Baroque, French for?

rocks and shells

Gentle pastels used in the Rococo period are clearly opposite of the bold intense colors of the era known as

Baroque

How did China's art contribute to Rococo's light hearted playfulness used in homes?

-The Meissen firm was inspired by Chinese motifs and created porcelain tableware to reflect the motifs. -The teapot's scene shows Chinese-looking images of animals and figures.

How does David's The Oath of the Horatii represent the style and subject matter used in Neoclassicism?

-The colors are no longer pastels with creamy brush strokes. The scene is in rich colors with the subjects showing patriotism. -It exemplifies patriotism which is a virtue encouraged by rulers and social thinkers.

What is incorrect about this description? Rembrandt contributed much to the art world. He not only mastered sculpture but also painting, drawing and etching. He was skilled in portraits, landscapes, and religious scenes.

He was not skilled in sculpture

Besides being know as an accomplished portrait painter, what one event in Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun's life led the way for other women to gain prestige in the artistic community?

In 1778 she gained acceptance into the French Royal Academy.

In Rembrandt's Sortie of Captain Banning Cocq's Company of the Civic Guard, what effect was used on Captain Cocq, the drummer, the lieutenant and the girl in the golden dress?

Rembrandt brought attention to these people through the use of lighting.

How does Rubens link the king in the foreground of the picture with the gods above?

Rubens's use of the diagonal line leads the eye from the king in the foreground to the gods pictured above.

Which Baroque characteristics were common in the religious paintings of the 17th century?

Strong contrast of light areas and shadows Emphasis on emotions Intense theatricality

Mastery of the human form and an elevated literary subject signaled that Artemisia would be a history painter. What work of this artist features a female nude and depicts a biblical story?

Susanna and the Elders

The Renaissance humanist tried to revive Classical culture by creating academies which were modeled after what?

The academies were modeled after the Akademeia

In Entombment of Christ, Caravaggio has structured the hands from the top right of the painting down to Christ's face. What special element did he use?

The use of color

Why were there requests from all over Catholic Europe for Borromi's plans for Saint Charles of the Four Fountains Church?

The use of convex or concave curved walls suggested a soft motion, almost pulsating space.

Bernini's St. Teresa in Ecstasy in the centerpiece of Cornaro Chapel. What story and baroque characteristics did this sculpture focus on?

There is a theatrical appearance to this mystic who founded and order of nuns and was known for communicating with angels, while in trances.

True or false: Vigee-Lebrun's calm personality and steadfastness can be seen in her self-portrait by: the way she gently holds the chalk; the calm look on her face; and perhaps the softness of the cast shadow displayed on the canvas.

True

The development of what genre at the end of the 17th century corresponded, in part, with the growing popularity of secular art?

Landscape

Who was the primary audience for Artemisia Gentileschi's work?

Kings and rulers of Europe

What factors contributed to the rise of the Neoclassical style?

-The discovery of the ruins at Herculaneum and Pompeii -A revived interest in Roman art and culture -The view that the Romans Republic embodied the civic virtues of patriotism, stoicism, and frugality