Assessment of Respiratory Function
The nurse insects the thorax of a PT with advanced emphysema. What does the nurse except the chest configuration to be for this patient?
Barrel chest
The divisions of the lung proceed in the following order, beginning at the mainstream bronchi?
-lobar bronchi -segmented bronchi -subsegmented bronchi -bronchioles
The alveoli begin to lose elasticity at about age____years, resulting in decreased gas diffusion.
50
A nurse understands that a safe but low level of oxygen saturation provides for adequate tissue saturation while allowing no reserve for situations that threaten ventilation. What is a safe but ow oxygen saturation level for a patient?
95 mm Hg
The nurse is educating a PT who is scheduled for a perfusion lung scan. What should be included in the information about the procedure? Select all that apply
A mask will be placed over the nose and mouth during the test The PT will be expected to lie under the camera The imaging time will amount to 20-40 minutes
The nurse is interviewing a PT who reports a dry, irritating cough that is not "bringing anything up". What medication should the nurse question the patient about talking?
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
The two centers in the brain that are responsible for the neurologic control of ventilation are?
Apneustic center & Pneumotaxic Center
The nurse is performing an assessment of a PT who arrived in the emergency department with a barbiturate overdose. The respiration's are normal for 3-4 breaths followed by a 60-second period of apnea. How does the nurse document the respirations?
Biot respirations
What finding by the nurse may indicate that the patient has chronic hypoxia?
Clubbing of the fingers
The nurse auscultates crackles in a PT with a respiratory disorder. What condition does the nurse recognize that these symptoms are indicative of?
Collapsed alveoli
The nurse is caring for the PT with a pulmonary disorder. What observation by the nurse is indicative of a very late symptom of hypoxia?
Cyanosis
When observing the chest wall of a PT the nurse detects a depression in the lower portion of the sternum. What assessment finding will the nurse anticipate detecting due to this condition?
Cyanosis
When the nurse is assessing the older adult patient, what gerontological changes in the respiratory system should the nurse be aware of? (Select all that apply)
Decreased gauge reflex Increased presence of collagen in the alveolar walls Decreased presence of mucus
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide from the alveoli in the blood occurs by
Diffusion
A healthcare provider requests a study of diaphragmatic motion because of suspected pathology. What diagnostic test will the nurse prepare the patient for?
Fluoroscopy
A patient with sinus congestion reports discomfort when the nurses is palpating the supraorbital ridges. The nurse is aware that the PT is referring to which sinus?
Frontal
The pulmonary circulation is considered a
Low-pressure system
The nurse is instructing the PT on the collection of sputum specimen. What should be included in the instructions? Select all that apply
Initially, clear the nose and the throat Take a few deep breaths before coughing Use diaphragmatic contractions to aid in the expulsion of sputum
The maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a normal inhalation is known as
Inspiratory reserve volume
The nurse is performing an assessment for a PT with congestive heart failure. The nurse asks if the PT has difficulty breathing in any position other than upright. What is the nurse referring to?
Orthopnea
The nurse is reviewing the blood gas results for a PT with pneumonia. What arterial blood gas measurement best reflects the adequacy of alveolar ventilation?
PaCo2
The symbol used to identify the partial pressure of oxygen is?
PaO2
A patient comes to the emergency department reporting a knifelike pain when taking. Deep breath. What does this type of pain likely indicate to the nurse?
Pleurisy
The nurse is taking a respiratory history for a patient who has come into the clinic with a chronic cough. What information should the nurse obtain from this patient? Select all that apply
Previous history of lung disease in the patient or family Occupational and environmental influences Previous history of smoking
gas exchange between lungs and blood and between the blood and tissues is called
Respiration
A nurse caring for a patient with a pulmonary embolism understands that high ventilation-perfusion ratio may exist. What does this mean for the patient?
Ventilation exceeds perfusion
_____________________ are the alveolar cells that secrete surfactant
Type II cells
The nurse is performing chest auscultation for a PT with asthma. How does the nurse describe the high-pitched, sibilant, musicals sounds that are heard?
Wheezes
The left lung in contrast to the right lung, has?
one less lobe
The lungs are enclosed in a serous membrane called the
pleura
Tidal volume, which may significantly change with disease, has a normal value of approximately?
500mL
During a pre-admission assessment,for what diagnosis would the nurse expect to find decreased tactile fremitus and hyperresonant percussion sounds?
Emphysema
