Assignment 5

The marine biosphere operates like a

biologic pump

Which of these human activities has directly contributed to global warming?

burning of coal

The part of the carbon cycle that focuses on the formation and destruction of fossil fuels and other sediments containing organic carbon is:

the long term organic carbon cycle

On Earth, ________ is/are the largest reservoir of carbon dioxide and heat.

the oceans

Heat is a measure of

the total amount of energy associated with the movement of molecules in a substance.

Which of the following is the proper equation for photosynthesis?

6H2O + 6CO2 + sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2

The reaction showing atmospheric carbon dioxide dissolving into raindrops is,

CO2 + H2O --> H2CO3

Which of the following is a true statement about carbon and the carbon cycle?

Carbon is recycled among plants, animals, water, soil, and the atmosphere.

The largest reservoir in the carbon cycle is

Limestone

Which of the following statements about the greenhouse effect is true?

Most life on Earth relies upon the hospitable temperatures resulting from the greenhouse effect.

The biological pump determines carbon concentrations in

Oceans

How does the greenhouse effect work?

Some sunlight energy that hits Earth radiates toward space, but some is trapped by atmospheric gases.

Why is water so important in controlling Earth's climate?

The water in oceans and lakes stores the energy radiated by the sun and releases it slowly.

According to scientists, how do the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere today compare to the past 400,000 years?

There's more atmospheric carbon dioxide today.

The planet Mercury is closer to the sun than the planet Venus. However, temperatures on Venus are hotter than temperatures on Mercury. Why would this be the case?

Venus has a thicker atmosphere than Mercury that traps heat from the sun

How would Earth change if the greenhouse effect didn't exist at all?

Without the greenhouse effect, Earth would radiate all its heat into space

According to the graph, by how many parts per million has the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide changed between 1980 and 2010?

about 50 ppm

Almost all scientists believe that the global warming observed over the past 100 years has been caused by elevated levels of gases in the atmosphere. Which of the following gases is primarily responsible for this problem?

carbon dioxide

What are fossil fuels?

carbon-rich remains of plants and microorganisms

The process of photosynthesis transforms solar energy into ________ energy.

chemical

Which of these is a fossil fuel?

coal

In the atmosphere- ocean carbon exchange, the ocean is described in two parts, the mixed layer and the

deep ocean layer

While 100GtC per year are cycled between the various parts of the atmosphere- land biosphere- ocean system, the ___________ contains the largest of the reservoirs

deep ocean layer

What process occurs as individual water molecules move fast enough to rise into the air as water vapor?

evaporation

The greenhouse effect is most similar to

heating up the air inside a car by parking it in the sun.

Temperature is a measure of

how fast the molecules in a substance are moving

The process by which carbon dioxide and water are converted to glucose and oxygen is called

photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis occurs within the

uppermost 100 meters of the ocean

Which of these emits carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

volcanoes

Which of the following is considered a greenhouse gas?

water vapor