Astronomy 101 - Exam ch. 13, 14 & 15
From voyager 2, Neptune's clouds appeared much more active than did Uranus', surprising since Neptune is smaller, colder, and farther from the Sun. T/F
T
Planet formation happens in newly-formed solar systems over the course of about 100 million years. T/F
T
Pluto is probably one of the largest of the Kuiper belt bodies Beyond Neptune. T/F
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Pluto's classification as a planet has been called into question. T/F
T
Triton and Pluto both probably originated in the Kuiper belt. T/F
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William Herschel was the Discoverer of Uranus. T/F
T
in addition to the asteroid belt, some meteorites come from the Moon and even Mars. T/F
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some type of catastrophe is likely needed to explain the highly tilted rotation axis of Uranus. T/F
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the nitrogen geysers of Triton carry carbon grit into the Winds of its atmosphere. T/F
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Eros is the only asteroid upon which a spacecraft. T/F
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Around other Suns, we have found Jupiter's where Mercury is in our solar system. T/F
T
Radiation darkening is a likely explanation of: A. why Uranus' moons are less reflective than Saturn's B. why Uranus' rings are so much fainter than Saturn's. C. the lack of distinct, visible bands in Uranus' atmosphere D. the tilt of Uranus' magnetic field relative to the rotation axis. E. Uranus' Extreme axial tilt
A.
The planet Uranus is: A. barely visible with the naked eye. B. only visible with a space-based telescope. C. easily visible with the naked eye. D. only visible with a small telescope or binoculars. E. only visible with large, high-quality telescope.
A.
Uranus was discovered: A. less than 250 years ago B. by Galileo C. after examining perturbations in Neptune's orbit D. thousands of years ago E. with a radio telescope
A.
When it was determined that's Edna had a perihelion distance that is three times further out than Pluto and such an eccentric orbit that it has a period of thousands of years, it was placed in the: A. Oort cloud B. Rogue comets C. Kirkwood Gap D. Kuiper belt E. Trojan asteroids
A.
Why has direct Imaging found so few exoplanets? A. exoplanets are faint and are usually close to their parent Stars. B. direct Imaging is only possible using military satellites. C. direct Imaging only works at the planet is orbiting a brown dwarf. D. only a few attempts have been made to directly image in extrasolar Planet.
A.
long period comets are thought to reside mainly in the: A. Oort Cloud B. Kuiper belt C. Kirkwood gaps D. interstellar medium E. asteroid belt
A.
one of the best-known craters on Earth is the Barringer Crater in Arizona. It was formed by: A. the impact of an asteroid whose Mass was around 200,000 tons. B. the same impact thought to have contributed to the extinction of the dinosaurs. C. the impact of a comet whose Mass was around 25 tons. D. a large volcanic eruption. E. testing of nuclear bombs during the Cold War.
A.
Carbonaceous meteorites are believed to come from: A. a broken up, Terry nucleus, darklight Comet Halley's nucleus. B. the crust of a differentiated C type asteroid, now broken up. C. coal formed on Mars, then blown into space by asteroid impacts. D. the core of a differentiated Type M asteroid, now broken up. E. deep space, far beyond the solar system, hence their very low density.
B.
Pluto's density is most similar to: A. the terrestrial planets B. the moons of the jovian planets C. Mercury, but not Venus, Earth or Mars D. Saturn, but not Jupiter, Uranus or Neptune E. the Jovian Planets
B.
The condensation theory is an example of: A. a capture Theory. B. an evolutionary theory. C. a catastrophic Theory. D. a hot Jupiter Theory. E. a collision hypothesis.
B.
about how many potentially hazardous asteroids pass within 0.05 Au of the earth per decade in modern times? A. 10 - 20 B. 200 - 300 C. none D. 5000 - 1000 E. a completely unknown quantity, it could easily be anywhere from just a few to Millions.
B.
gravitational microlensing detects planets when: A. a massive exoplanet orbits close to its star. B. a foreground exoplanet passes almost directly in front of its star. C. an exoplanet has an orbit that is perpendicular to our line of sight (face-on) D. a background exoplanet passes almost directly behind it star.
B.
hot Jupiter's are thought to have moved closer to their parent star than where they originated due to: A. interactions with another star. B. gravitational interactions with the gas disk. C. large impacts. D. many small impacts. E. magnetic attraction to the parent star.
B.
in the process of planetary formation, when would the inward migration of Jupiter's have most likely occurred? A. just after the system was cleared of the remaining gas B. after these planets have reached full size, but before terrestrial planets and finished forming C. shortly after all of the planets have finished warming D. before these planets had grown to full size E. at least hundreds of millions of years after planetary formation ended
B.
so far, beyond the solar system the exoplanets found have been mostly: A. large jovians orbiting solar-type Stars about where our jovians are found B. large jovians with terrestrial type orbits C. terrestrial is very close to their star and transiting its disk D. Brown dwarfs much more massive than Jupiter E. terrestrials with very elongated, distant orbits like comets
B.
space telescopes looking for transiting planets look for small drops in brightness, these drops are: A. less than 10% B. less than 0.01% C. any size D. less than 0.0001% E. less than 1%
B.
what is the difference between a hot Jupiter and a cold Jupiter? A. hot Jupiter's have observed volcanoes, cold Jupiter's do not. B. Hot Jupiter's orbit close to the parent Stars; cold Jupiter's do not C. hot Jupiter's were an exciting Discovery, cold Jupiter's were not. D. hot Jupiter's have Fusion reactions, cold Jupiter's do not. E. hot Jupiter's radiate more energy than they receive from their star, cold Jupiter's do not.
B.
when we are lucky enough to see an extrasolar Planet Transit its star, A. we can be certain it as a terrestrial, not a jovian B. we can find the planet size, mass, and density by the drop in light C. we can determine its shape. D. it will cause the star to vanish for several hours. E. we can determine what elements are in it's atmosphere
B.
which of these is not a consequence of resonance? A. Mercury's rotation and revolution around the Sun B. Venus' is cloud and surface rotation C. the moon's period Of rotation and Revolution are equal D. the Kirkwood gaps in the asteroid belt E. orbital periods of Neptune and Pluto
B.
why have very few planets with low mass (comparable to Mars or Mercury) been found? A. low-mass planets are too far from their parent stars to receive enough light to make them visible from Earth. B. low mass planets do not produce large enough radical velocity changes in their Stars. C. hot Jupiter's of injected most low planets from their solar systems. D. high Mass planets are blocking our views of low-mass planets. E. these small planets are very rare.
B.
Although the atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune are very similar, the atmosphere of Neptune contains more: A. hydrogen B. helium C. Methane D. ammonia E. nitrogen
C.
Compared with the other Jovian planets, Neptune is: A. average, but featureless. B. much larger with features similar to Saturn. C. small with similar features to Jupiter. D. small and featureless. E. much larger and featureless.
C.
Most extrasolar Neptune's and Jupiter's found to date have: A. orbits that are less eccentric than those of planets in our solar system, with eccentricities less than 0.01 B. much larger orbits than the Jovian planets in our solar system. C. orbits that are more eccentric than those of planets in our solar system, with eccentricities greater than 0.1 D. orbits very close to their parents Stars making them hot Neptune's and hot Jupiter's.
C.
The Perseid meteor shower gives us about a meteor every minute in mid A. May B. October C. August D. January E. November
C.
The planet Neptune is: A. only visible with a large, high-quality telescope. B. only visible with a space-based telescope. C. only visible with a small telescope or binoculars. D. easily visible with the naked eye. E. barely visible with the naked eye.
C.
The rotation period of Uranus was measured through: A. observation of the features on its Cloud surface. B. observation of its motion around the Sun. C. observations of radio signals associated with its magnetosphere. D. observations of Neptune's motion around the Sun. E. observations of the motion of its satellites
C.
William Herschel thought he had found a comet when he spotted the green disc of: A. Oberon B. Triton C. Uranus D. Titania E. Neptune
C.
Halley's Comet last passed Earth in 1986. It will be due back in: A. 2012 B. 2086 C. 2048 D. 2061 E. 23rd Century
D.
In 1989, Neptune was found to have a huge storm named the: A. great red spot. B. Galileo Regio. C. Hellas basin. D. Great Dark Spot. E. South tropical disturbance.
D.
Pluto is most similar to: A. Mercury. B. Europa. C. Miranda. D. Triton. E. our moon.
D.
The Oort Cloud is thought to be: A. a cloud of debris that occasionally encounters the Earth, causing a meteor shower. B. the material in the ecliptic plane that creates the zodiacal light. C. The Cloud of gas and dust from which our solar system formed. D. the spherical cloud of comets and some larger icy bodies surrounding the outer solar system. E. a cloud of asteroids moving between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
D.
Which of the Uranian moons displays the widest range of surface terrains, suggesting some catastrophic disruption? A. Umbriel B. Oberon C. Puck D. Miranda E. Ariel
D.
Why do researchers believe that asteroids in the asteroid belt are Primal rocks that did not merge into a planet? A. the difference in chemical compositions of the asteroids were too large for them to have originated in a single body. B. the total mass of the asteroids in the asteroid belt is much smaller than that of any terrestrial planet in our solar system. C. Jupiter's gravity could have prevented this object's merging into a single body. D. All of the above E. None of the above
D.
about what percent of all asteroids are c-type asteroids? A. 10% B. 50% C. 15% D. 75% E. 5%
D.
based on observations by the dawn spacecraft, scientists have concluded that Vesta might be: A. a fragment of Mars. B. a planetesimal left over from the Solar System's formation. C. one of the dwarf planets in our solar system. D. the only remaining protoplanet in our solar system. E. one of the remnants of the planet that broke up to form the asteroid belt.
D.
which asteroid did Dawn first visit and which is the second in it's planned mission? A. Ida, dactyl B. Pallas, Ceres C. Gaspra, Ida D. Vesta, Ceres E. Mathilde, Eros
D.
which of the following objects never collide with the Earth? A. long-period comets B. Aten asteroids C. Apollo asteroids D. Amor asteroids E. short. Comets
D.
which statement about the magnetic fields of Uranus and Neptune is false? A. neither fits the Dynamo model very well. B. Uranus' field is tilted 60° off its already tilted rotational axis. C. Neptune's field is tilted 47° to its more conventional rotational axis. D. both pass directly through the cores of their planets, like all other fields. E. both may have ammonia water replacing the liquid metallic hydrogen.
D.
The magnetic field tilts of which two bodies are the most unusual? A. Mercury and Earth B. Jupiter and Saturn C. Mars and Saturn D. Saturn and Venus E. Uranus and Neptune
E.
What Could explain the darker appearance of moons and rings in the outer solar system? A. they are composed of mostly Rocky material, like S Type asteroids. B. they're made of water ice that reflects light much more poorly at the very low temperatures of these moons. C. they Shine by The diminished light at that great distance from the Sun. D. they're composed of basaltic eject from the volcanism on Ariel and Triton. E. they're made of small, sooty particles and radiation darkening with the loss of volatile bright ices.
E.
Which of the following is true about the seasons of Neptune? A. Uranus's weather will become less turbulent as Equinox approaches in 2049. B. like Jupiter, Uranus has little tilt, with its equator always facing the Sun. C. from the Uranian Equator, the sun would remain stationary all the time. D. the seasons on Uranus are not unlike those on Earth or Mars. E. The Uranian rotation axis produces some extreme seasonal effects.
E.
Which three played a role in the finding of Neptune? A. Herschel, Hubble, and Einstein B. Newton, Einstein, and Tombaugh C. shapely, Hubbell, and Whipple D. Bode, Herschel, and fraunhofer E. Adams, laverriere, and galle
E.
in terms of axial tilt, which of the jovians show us the largest inclination? A. Saturn B. Jupiter C. Neptune D. Pluto E. Uranus
E.
when looking for the radial velocity changes or "wobbles" detected due to Doppler shifts, which Mass combination is most likely to be detected? A. high mass star, Low Mass planet B. high mass star, high mass planet C. low mass star, low Mass planet D. high Mass Planet, the mass of the star is irrelevant E. low mass star, high mass planet
E.
which of the following are irregularities in our solar system that must be explained in models of planetary formation? A. Venus' low rate of rotation B. the tilt of Uranus' rotation axis C. binary Kuiper belt objects D. Mars' north-south asymmetry E. all of the above
E.
Astronomers expect extrasolar planetary systems to have very different overall properties in those found in our solar system. T/F
F
The axial tilts of Uranus and Neptune are similar. T/F
F
most hot Jupiter's are thought to have formed in the orbits they have been discovered. T/F
F
none of the other stars yet studied has more than one planet orbiting it. T/F
F