Astronomy exam 2
Which of the following is not a way that you put a difference from terrestrial planets
It's surface has many more craters from earlier collisions
Which of the following was a way that the planet mercury is similar to the moon?
It's surface is heavily cratered
Why is Jupiter denser than Saturn?
Its higher mass and gravity compress its interior.
Which planets form outside the frost line
Jovian planets
The largest planet in the solar system by mass is
Jupiter
The tidal force The acts on lo Is it due primarily to the gravity of
Jupiter
The tidal force that acts on lo is due primarily to the gravity of
Jupiter
Which of the following Jovian planets has the shortest period of rotation the shortest day
Jupiter
Which lists the Jovian planets In order of increasing distance from the sun
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
Which planets are Jovian planets?
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
Which of the following statements about the seasons of Jupiter is correct
Jupiters axis is Harley tilted so it has no real seasonal variations
Which of the following is not a way we have studied the planet mars so far?
Sending spacecraft to Mars which have brought samples of the planet back to earth
Face on the role of differentiation, Heavily dense materials
Sink
What was one way that we humans are currently making the atmosphere of the earth more like that of Venus
We are adding carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, which is leading to global warming
Why does earth have such a large moon
When a Mars-sized object slammed into the young Earth.
Astronomers estimate that the plains Venus are only about 500 to 600,000,000 years old. How do they asked me dates like this?
By counting the craters of it visible on the surface and comparing crater counts to other worlds
The largest moon in the solar system is
Ganymede
The two moons that are larger than the planet mercury our titan and_________Which is also the largest of the Jupiter moons
Ganymede
Which of the following statements about the earths Magnetosphere is false false?
It contains particles that come mainly from the solar wind
Which of the following statements about the planet Venus is true
It has a thick layer of cloud containing sulfuric acid droplets
Which of the following statements about our moon is false
It has an atmosphere similar to earth
Which of the following points about our planets atmosphere is false
It is slowly leaking atoms into space from its outer most regions
What is the source of the fine,powdery dust found on the moons surface?
It is the result of many impacts breaking surface rocks apart over billions of years
What is unusual about triton
It orbits its planet backward.
Which of the following characteristics distinguished Uranus from every other planet in our solar system
It rotate on an axis titled almost 90° to the circle of its orbit
What is the sun made of
hydrogen and helium
Which of the following does the composition of a planet like Jupiter resemble
sun
What is the solar nebula
the cloud of gas and dust that formed our solar system
The giant impact hypothesis refers to the idea that
our Moon formed when a Mars-size object collided with the young Earth.
What is the minimal number of moons that must be or being a planet for the moons to have an orbital resonance
2
What relatively recent events shows that impacts continue to happen in our solar system even today?
A comet Which broke into more than 20 pieces hit the planet Jupiter in 1994
Why do the planets orbit the sun in orderly patterns
A consequence of the fact that they formed in a a disc shaped nebula
Is there a reason why terrestrial planets are closer to the sun then Jovian planets
A consequence of the way temperature varied in the solar nebula
Astronomers believe that Jupiters strong magnet field is caused by
A huge layer of metallic hydrogen inside jupiter
At their centers, all the Julian planets have Cores made of
A solid mixture of Rocky and I see materials under great pressure
The presence of volcano, lack of erosion, apparent young age of Venus indicate that Venus is geologically
Active
Which of the following is not a correct statement about the ways the Jovian planets different from the terrestrial planets
All the Jovians have satellites around them and none of the terrestrial to do
We believe the Maria is on the earths moon are
Ancient impact craters And which lava beds welled up from inside the moon
Where would you expect terrestrial planets to form in the Solar nebula
Anywhere between the inner most region with in about the inner 0.3 AU and the frost line
Saturn's rings
Are continuously supplying by impacts with small moons
Most distant from Jupiter of these four moons
Callisto
On some parts of Mars, it gets cold enough for a gas to freeze out of the atmosphere that does not freeze out by itself at the temperatures and pressures on earth. This gas makes up some of the polar caps on Mars and is
Carbon dioxide
The main source of the greenhouse effect on Venus due to the presence of ______________ in its atmosphere
Carbon dioxide
The average temperature on planet earth is higher than you would expect just from the heating of sunlight alone. What is the explanation for this?
Carbon dioxide (and other gases) in the atmosphere cause a greenhouse effect.
What was the first up in the formation of planets
Condensation of solid particles from the gases
Where has frozen Water has been discovered on the moon
Deep inside craters in the regions near the moons poles
Which of the following statements about the atmosphere of mars today is false
Droplets of liquid water rain irrigate the surface of Mars regularly
Spacecraft images show fountains of ice spraying into space from Saturn's moon
Enceladus
Astronomers believe that Mars formed with a much thicker atmosphere than it has today. Where did this atmosphere go
Escaped into space and someone later throws out as Mars got colder
Ice covered surface with fuel impact craters and subsurface oceans
Europa
Jupiter has three moons for which there is evidence of a global, subsurface ocean of liquid water, with the strongest evidence favoring an ocean on
Europa
Dennis is geologically dead since it does not have an atmosphere to protect it
False
Greenhouse effect is always bad
False
If we move and place the earth on Venus Orbit, The earth would so be habitable
False
O2 and N2 are greenhouse gases
False
What are exists on the surface of Mars since it is protected by the Martian atmosphere
False
Why are planets and stars round?
Gravity pulls equally in all directions
Mars is about __________the size of earth
Half
By far the most abundant element in the giant (jovian) planets is:
Hydrogen
What do hydrogen compounds condense into?
Ice
What makes Astronomers believe that Mars once had rivers and running waters?
Images from orbiting spacecraft reveal ancient channels that look like dried up river beds on earth( and our rovers show geological formation made by running water)
Astros form_________ while comets form_______ The frost line
Inside, outside
Why are there no smaller craters on the surface of Venus, only bigger ones
Intervenous think atmosphere all smaller chunks of material burn up before they cannot reach the surface
Is the most volcanically Active world in the solar system
Lo
The moon that experiences the most tidal heating from Jupiter is
Lo
Volcano is currently a rafting on its surface
Lo
The large, roughly circular, dark, and younger regions on the Moon are called
Maria
Mars appears to have long branching Channels that have the appearance of being formed by a flowing liquid. Yeah we know that liquids would not stay liquid in the very thin atmosphere we have on the Martian surface? So how can we explain the channels?
Mars had a thicker atmosphere long ago when the channels form
Which planets are terrestrial planets?
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
The reason that Jupiter and Saturn have a strong magnetic field is
Metallic cores
The most likely models of the planet mercury indicate that more than half the planet may be composed of
Metals
Why does Neptune appear blue?
Methane in Neptune's atmosphere absorbs red light and reflect blue light
Which planetary body cooled first
Moon
Beyond the frost line, plantesimals were made
Mostly of ice, but mixed with rock and metal
The most abundant gas in the earth atmosphere is
Nitrogen
The main reason for the runaway greenhouse effect on Venus Is because Venus does not
Oceans
A crucial difference that helps explain why Venus is so hot and the earth is in is that
On Venus, there was eventually no rain to get the carbon dioxide from the surface back to the atmosphere
What substance were found in the innermost region( within about the inner 0.3 AU) of the solar system before planets begin to form?
Rocks, metal, hydrogen compounds, hydrogen, and helium, all in gaseous form
The Jovian planets are thought to have formed as gravity drew hydrogen and helium gas around planetesimals made of
Rocks, metals, and Ices
In what way is the moon similar to the earth
Takes the same time to rotate on its axis
Disruption of a planet's surface by internal stresses is due to
Tectonics
Which planets Form inside the frost line
Terrestrial planets
The solar nebula is
The cloud of gas and dust I gave birth to our solar system
Scientist now I understand that the earth consist of layers, with the densest Materials in the core. What allowed the differentiation of the earths layers to happen?
The early earth must have been so hot it was like a liquid and heavier things sink to the middle
The main reason that the earth does not turn to be as Venus is because
The earth has a carbon cycle
One way in which Mars closely resemble the earth is
The length of it's a day period of rotation
Why does Mars have an overall reddish color when we See it's surface from afar?
The material of mars surface contains a lot of iron oxide, The same chemistry that makes rusting metals look reddish
An increase in the earths temperature by several degrees Celsius would result in
The melting of many glaciers, a rise in sea level, and more flooding of towns near the coast of the continents
Planetary Magnetic Field is weak at
The poles
For scientist, one bar is
The pressure with which one square centimeter of the earths atmosphere presses down at the surface
The process by which Venus became so much hotter than the earth is called
The runway greenhouse effect
Which of the following is not a way that Venus resembles the earth
The sickness and pressure of its atmosphere
The process of convection involves
The slow upward flow of a warm material and down water flow of cooler material
What is one important way which both the moon and Mercury are different from earth
They do not have an atmosphere
Scientist have detected links of liquid methane and ethane on the surface of
Titan
Which moon shows evidence of rainfall and erosion by some liquid substance?
Titan
In which region of the earths atmosphere have you spent most of your life?
Troposphere
And orbital resonance occurs We know one moons orbital period is a simple fraction of the others, which as 1/2 or 1/3 or 1/4
True
Carbon cycle is one of the reasons that earth is not as hot as Venus
True
In our solar system, the Jovian planets are all further from the sun then are the terrestrial planets. True or false
True
The planet that orbit on its side has its rotation axis perpendicular to the plane of its orbit
Uranus
The two jovian planets that contain the highest proportions of hydrogen compounds are ___________.
Uranus and Neptune
Which of the following statements best describes the general pattern of composition on Monday four jovainy planets
Uranus and Neptune contain relatively more rocks and Hydrogen compounds then Jupiter and Saturn
The planet that most resembles the Earth in size and composition is
Venus
One way in which the ozone layer is useful for life forms on the earths surface is that it
absorbs ultra-violet light, preventing much of it from reaching the surface
The same gas makes up most of the atmosphere of Mars and Venus. This gas is:
carbon dioxide
Why is lo more volcanically active than our moon?
lo has a different internal heat source