AT Test 3: Shoulder

The most important and most commonly injured bursa around the shoulder joint is the:

subacromial bursa

The drop arm test is used to determine injury to what muscle?

supraspinatus

The greatest number of upper humeral fractures occurs at the:

surgical neck

In which phase of the throwing motion are the external rotators of the rotator cuff contracting eccentrically?

deceleration

Which of the following muscles is not a part of the rotator cuff?

deltoid

A positive O'Brien's Test is indicative of a full thickness tear of the supraspinatus muscle.

false

A tear or detachment of the fibrocartilage labrum on the posterior lateral aspect of the humeral head is called a "Bankhart lesion."

false

An athlete with a fractured clavicle will usually hang the arm at his or her side, internally rotated to relieve the stress on the supporting structures.

false

Biceps brachii ruptures occur mainly in football linemen who use their arms to block their opponents.

false

In scapulohumeral rhythm, the setting phase occurs when the humerus finds its position in the glenoid, while the scapula rotates during the first 30 degrees of motion.

false

The acromioclavicular joint is a strong joint reinforced by several key ligaments.

false

The frozen shoulder is a condition typically seen in younger athletes.

false

The rotator cuff muscle most commonly injured is the infraspinatus.

false

To test for bicipital tendinitis and subluxation, have the athlete flex the elbow at 90 degrees and internally rotate against resistance from the athletic trainer, as the humerus is also pulled downward.

false

If an athlete comes off the field supporting his/her injured arm, with their head tilted towards the injured shoulder and their chin turned towards the opposite side. Which injury have they likely sustained?

fractured clavice

The scapula fossa that articulates with the humerus is deepened by an additional structure called the:

glenoid labrum

Which of the following tests does NOT indicate that the subclavian artery is being compressed?

impingement syndrome test

Winging of only one scapula indicates an injury to what nerve?

long thoracic

Which of the following ligaments is responsible for restraint during flexion and external rotation of the shoulder?

middle glenohumeral

Peripheral nerve injuries can cause muscle weakness. An injury to which nerve would cause weakness in the biceps and coracobrachialis muscles?

musculocutaneous

A major criterion for the athlete's return to sports competition following a posterior dislocation is that internal and external rotation strength be equal to of their body weight.

20%

What are contusions to the distal end of the clavicle called?

shoulder pointers

Which of the following is NOT a test for glenohumeral instability?

Allen test

With an anterior glenohumeral dislocation, the athlete's the arm will be in:

slight abduction and external rotation

The brachial plexus is derived from what spinal nerve segments?

C5-T1

During which phase of rehabilitation for shoulder impingement should the athlete concentrate on strengthening the rotator cuff and limiting overhead activities?

repair phase

Which of the following tests assesses for impingement syndrome?

Hawkins-Kennedy test

In a rotator cuff injury, the stage that has shoulder pain on activity, increased pain at night, and a muscle deficit of 1 cm or less is classified as:

Stage III

Which of the following can be used to treat thoracic outlet syndrome?

all of the above

The most commmon shoulder direction for the shoulder to displace is in the _______________ direction.

anterior

Which of the following activities is likely to create chronic posterior instability in the shoulder?

backstroke swimming

In which phase of the throwing motion is maximum external rotation achieved?

cocking

A conservative method of treating subluxations and recurrent dislocations consists of strengthening muscles that act on the scapula.

true

An acromioclavicular sprain is most often induced by a direct blow to the tip of the shoulder, pushing the acromion process downward.

true

Anterior instabilities account for 95% of all chronic instabilities of the glenohumeral joint.

true

In the presence of a neurovascular injury, skin temperatures should be assessed on the back of the athlete's hand to detect alterations from the normal standards.

true

Most direct causes of anterior glenohumeral dislocations are situations in which the arm is forced into abduction and externally rotated.

true

Physicians generally agree that a first-time dislocation may be associated with a fracture, and therefore its treatment is beyond the scope of a coach's or athletic trainer's duties.

true

Postural malalignment such as forward head, rounded shoulders, and an increased kyphotic curve causes a decrease in the space under the coracoacromial arch and therefore can lead to the development of impingement.

true

Tenosynovitis of the long head of the biceps muscle is common among athletes who execute a throwing movement as part of their event.

true

The point at which the clavicle changes shape and contour presents a structural weakness, and the largest number of fractures to the bone occurs at this point.

true

Thoracic outlet compression syndrome is often attributed to a cervical rib anomaly, originating from a cervical vertebra and the thoracic rib.

true

In a sternoclavicular sprain, the clavicle is generally displaced

upward and anteriorly