Ati 7 version chemical
How many thoracic spinal nerves are there in the human body?
12
A body mass 30 kg is traveling in space at a speed of 10 m/s. Given that the formula for kinetic energy is KE = 0.5 * m * v^2, and m is mass, v is speed of an object, what is the KE?
1500J
The specific heat of water is 1 calorie/gram X C. How much energy is needed to heat 2 kg of water from 20C to its boiling point?
160 kcl
In the following chemical reaction, what is the correct stoichiometric coefficient for silicon dioxide? 4Si + 2O2 -> Si + SiO2
2
According to Newton's first law, how fast will a 10-kilogram object accelerate when pushed with 50 Newtons of force?
2,5m/s2
How many pairs of human chromosomes exist?
23
A ball with a mass of 0.5 kg is moving at 10 m/s. How much kinetic energy does it have?
25 joules
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disorder. Knowing this information, what are the chances that a child will not have the recessive allele if both of his parents are carriers?
25%
A double bond between two atoms, for example the double bond between oxygen in O2 has how many electrons?
4
According to electron theory, what is the maximum number of bonds a carbon atom can have?
4
What is the life span and breakdown product of red blood cells?
4 months, bilirubin
If a pitcher throws a baseball into the air, and notices that it takes 5 seconds to reach its peak, how long will the baseball need to fall back to the ground?
5.0 second
If a rowboat weighs 50 kilograms, how much water needs to be displaced in order for the boat to float?
50 liters
How many kingdoms of life are there?
6
Alleles for brown eyes (B) are dominant over alleles for blue eyes (b). Assume both parent have brown eyes, but have one allele each of both B and b. What is the percent chance that their offspring have brown eyes?
75
What is the possibility that the offspring produces will have brown eyes?
75%
A man of mass 60 kg, runs up the stairs of total height 5 meters in 4 seconds. How much power does the man exert?
750 w
In our atmosphere, nitrogen is the most common element, and makes up approximately what percentage?
78%
What is the primary difference between a cell membrane and a cell wall?
A cell membrane is flexible and a cell wall is rigid
Which of these statements is correct?
A reducing reagent either adds oxygen to, or removes electrons from, another substance.
The large intestine's primary function is to
Absorb water
The Superior vena cava
Ascend from the right atrium
What is the correct order of the steps in the scientific method?
Ask questions, make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze results, draw conclusions, communicate results
Which of these patterns of the periodic table is not correct?
Atomic size increases down a group and across a period
Which statement regarding ball and socket joints is true?
Ball and socket joints are multi-axial joints, which are highly mobile, allowing movement in multiple axes and planes.
Which of the answer choices provided best defines the following statement?
Boyle's law
Which of the following elements is the most electronegative?
Chlorine
What type of reaction is the following?
Cl2 + NaBr → NaCl + Br2
Which of the following is the process that produces a liquid fro a gas?
Condensation
Which of the following is true regarding DNA in the human body?
DNA is used as a template for creation of proteins
What are the products of the following reaction? NaOH + HCl
Dihydrogen monoxide and sodium chloride
A scientist has isolated Fe (III), a variant of iron that has a charge of 3+. Which of the following compounds could be created from this element?
FeCL
Which of the following is true regarding the periodic table?
Groups have the same number of valence electrons and similar chemical properties
A scientist discovers a new species of snail that lives in the ocean. He tested the ability of this species to handle heat by measuring its growth rate as he increased the temperature of the water. He also tested two different concentrations of salt to determine which type of marine environment the snail would be best suited for. In the experiment described above, what is the dependent variable?
Growth rate
How does an impurity affect the melting point and boiling point of a substance?
Impurity raises the boiling point and lowers the melting point.
A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reason is a/an
Inference
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are similar in having which of the following?
Integral membrane proteins in the plasma membrane
What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
Interphase
Which element is essential for the normal production of the hormone thyroxine?
Iodine
Which of the following questions is the best high-level scientific question?
Is the boiling or freezing point of water affected by how much salt is in it?
Which of these statements regarding isotopes is not true?
Isotopes of an element have the same chemical and physical properties.
What is the function of amylase in the body?
It breaks down starch into simpler sugars.
A student isolates a substance, and succeeds in purifying it. She then puts it into the lab refrigerator, at 4C. When she comes back the next day, she notices that it has solidified! Which of the following should be true about the substance?
It has a freezing point higher than that of water
Which of these statements regarding facilitated diffusion across a cell membrane is true?
It is a kind of passive transport that requires transmembrane/carrier proteins.
Which of these statements regarding the process of fermentation is true?
It is an example of an anaerobic process where yeast acts on a sugar solution to produce carbon dioxide and alcohol.
A man is on an airplane with a cabin pressure of 0.95 atm and a temperature of 22C. He empties a flexible 0.5L bottle and puts the cap back on. When he disembarks at the airport, where the pressure is 1 atm and the temperature is 24C, what will happen to the volume of his empty bottle?
It will increase
If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, what will happen to the cell?
It will shrink
Which of these is an example of protein-related malnutrition?
Kwashiorkor
A scientist believes that a particular species of algae, S. sponferus, is able to grow even when living deep underwater. However, he hypothesizes that this species may grow more slowly than algae in other environments due to the lack of sunlight at this depth. Which of the following findings would not support the scientist's hypothesis?
Laboratory experiments show that S. sponferus grows equally well under a wide range of light conditions
Which of these is not a lymphoid organ? (Organs that produce lymphocytes)
Liver
What skill is a scientist using when he or she observes the ways in which different mammals climb trees?
Making observations
Which of these statements is false regarding blood cells?
Mature red blood cells are bi-concave discs that have a central nucleus and long life span
Group one in the periodic table has———— valence electrons and is ———————reactive than Group two.
One;less
Plants absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) to create sugar for energy. What is the primary byproduct of this process?
Oxygen
Which of these statements regarding the "oxygen debt" created during heavy exercise is true?
Oxygen debt is created due to build-up of lactic acid in the muscles, which needs a high level of oxygen to be oxidized.
One of the primary differences between fungi and plants is that:
Plants have chlorophyll and fungi do not
In a certain species of rose, color is determined by a single allele. The dominant allele, R, produces red flowers, and the recessive allele, r, produces white flowers. A scientist crosses a red rose with another red rose to produce the F1 generation of offspring. He then randomly selects two of the F1 generation and crosses them, resulting in the F2 generation. All of the F1 generation had red flowers. The F2 generation consisted of 75% red roses and 25% white roses. What were the genotypes of the two roses in the parent generation?
RR and Rr
What word describes the allele for green eyes?
Recessive
The volume of air that remains present in the lungs, even after forceful expiration/exhalation, is called and is about liters.
Residual volume, 1.2 liters
Which of these is known as the pacemaker of the heart?
SA node
Which of the following does NOT correctly match the part of the cell and its primary function?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: translation of mRNA into proteins
Over a period of several hundred years, a glacier melts and is transformed into a lake populated by many species of birds, algae, and other aquatic organisms. Later, the lake slowly dries up and becomes a valley, where grasses and shrubs predominantly grow. This passage describes which of the following ecological processes?
Succession
What are the two main parts of the human body's central nervous system?
The brain and the spinal cord
During inhalation, what changes occur in the diaphragm?
The diaphragm muscles contract or tighten and the diaphragm moves downward.
Upon touching a chair cushion and then a metal plate, John notices that the metal plate feels much colder than the cushion, although the surrounding air temperature is the same. What is an explanation for this?
The metal plate has a higher heat transfer rate than the chair cushion
Hemophilia is a hereditary genetic disorder that prevents blood from clotting correctly. The allele for hemophilia is recessive and carried on the X chromosome. A couple has two sons, one who has hemophilia and one who does not. What can be said about the genotype of the couple?
The mother is an asymptomatic carrier of the disorder
If a scientists want to determine the rate at which an enzyme works, what could he or she measure?
The rate at which the products appears
The law of conservation of mass states that
The total mass of all products of a chemical reaction is equal to the total mass of all the reactants.
A ball is tired to a pole with a rope and is moving in a circle with constant speed. Which of these statements about the ball is true?
There is force acting toward the center of circle
Simple covalent compounds show which of the following properties?
They are soluble in organic solvents e.g. ethanol.
What is true of elements found in the same group (column) in the Periodic Table?
They have the same number of valence electrons
What is another name for the Adam's Apple?
Thyroid cartilage
Which pyrimidine base is only found in RNA?
Uracil
chemical bonding
Uses the valence electrons of all the atoms involved
Which of these statements regarding the gastrointestinal tract is false?
Villi present in the large intestine absorbs water and mineral salts.
Which of the following is not true of a virus
Viruses cannot survive without water
Which vitamin is synthesized within the human body?
Vitamin D
What happens when a piece of zinc is placed in a copper (II) sulphate solution?
Zinc displaces copper from copper (II) sulphate solution
The rate of a chemical reaction depends on all of the following except
amount of mass lost
Which of the following would most likely decrease the efficiency of the C3 pathway but not of the C4 pathway?
an increase in temperature
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which is responsible for maturation of follicles in the ovary, is produced by which gland in the body?
anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
In order for work to be performed, a force has to be
applied over a distance of an object
Assuming every variable unmentioned in the Ideal Gas Law remains constant, which is true?
as volume increases, the number of molecules must increase
Ball and socket joints, pivot joints, plane joints, and hinge joints are which types of joints?
b. All of them are synovial joints.
A scientist places mercury oxide (HgO) into a sealed chamber and heats it to 400C, causing a reaction to occur. When she opens the chamber, she notices liquid mercury has formed as well as oxygen gas. This reaction is an
c. Endothermic decomposition reaction
Humans can turn glucose into ATP, the basic energy molecule in the body. What is a byproduct of this process?
carbon dioxide
Which of the following is not present in an animal cell?
cell wall
Which of the following correctly lists the cellular hierarchy from the simplest to most complex structure?
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
Which part of the brain is responsible for higher brain functions?
cerebral cortex
When you notice that a chemical reaction equation is not balanced, which of the following can be performed to balance the equation?
change the coefficients of the reactants or products
Which of these represents the correct order of some of the main energy changes that take place in a coal-fired power station?
chemical, heat, kinetic, electrical
Which of these is not a part of the central nervous system?
cranial nerves
Fill in the blank: The hepatic portal vein carries , blood from the to the
d. Deoxygenated, nutrient-rich, intestines, liver
A particular species of ladybug feeds exclusively on red flowers. During this process, the ladybugs pollinate the flowers and also mate. Over time, a mutation appears in the plant population that result in yellow flowers. Some of the ladybugs start to pollinate and mate on the yellow flowers. Eventually, the ladybugs that feed on red flowers and those that feed on yellow flowers can no longer mate with one another. What is the most likely explanation for this occurrence?
d. Sympatric speciation driven by habitat differentiation
Which of the following would have the most dramatic effect in changing the reaction rate?
decreasing the activation energy by three-fold
When conducting an experiment, the factor that is being measured is called what?
dependent variable
Which layer of the skin contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerves?
dermis
The humerus and ulna form the
elbow joint
The adrenal glands are part of the
endocrine system
Trypsinogen, an enzyme secreted by the pancreas, is activated into trypsin in the duodenum by which enzyme?
enterokinase
Blood cells that are responsible for transportation of oxygen are called
erythrocytes
What is the primary function of the quadriceps muscle?
extend knee joint
Which of the following cellular processes does not use ATP?
facilitated diffusion
Phalanges are bones present in which parts of the body?
fingers, toes
When determining the mass of an ant, you should use
grams
Animals engaging in a symbiotic relationship will do which of the following?
help each other survive
What is the name of the process that happens in the red bone marrow?
hematopoiesis
Enzymes are created from amino acid chains. As such, what might prevent the action- of an enzyme?
high temperature
In science, an educated guess is called a/an
hypothesis
Which unit of measurement is NOT used in the International System of Units?
inches
In an experiment, what do you call the variable that is changed?
independent variable
What causes a moving body to resist a change in its state of motion?
inertia
What organ system contains your skin?
integumentary system
On each side of the body, the brachiocephalic veins are formed by the union of which two veins?
internal jugular veins and subclavian veins
Why is it ill advised for patients to have surgery while on aspirin?
it increases bleeding time by interfering with normal platelet function
If a gene is expressed, then that means that:
it is influencing a phenotype trait
Which of the following is correct regarding an aqueous substance?
it is soluble in water
Which of these statements is true for boiling, but not true for evaporation?
it takes place at a specific temperature
In which region of the small intestine are most of the nutrients absorbed?
jejunum
The patella is also called the
kneecap
Which of the following can be found in abundance in a fatigued muscle?
lactic acid
The rectum is a part of
large intestine
Which structure is not considered a part of the rib cage?
lumbar vertebrae
Which group of major parts and organs make up the immune system?
lymphatic system, spleen, tonsils, thymus, and bone marrow
What is the role of ribosomes?
make proteins
Which of these groups of physical quantities consists only of scalars?
mass, speed, time
Mitosis is the process of cell division to create new cells. What is the process of cell division required to create new sex cells, or gametes?
meiosis
When does the nuclear division of somatic cells take place during cellular respiration?
mitosis
Which valve is found between the left atrium and left ventricle?
mitral valve
Where does digestion start?
mouth
What are motor units made of?
muscle cells
A large amount of energy is produced in the center of the sun by which phenomenon?
nuclear fusion
Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes?
nuclear membrane
The bone that is stationary during movement is called the
origin
What prevents ultraviolet radiation produced by the sun from damaging life on earth?
ozone layer
People who suffer from Type 1 diabetes are lacking function in which organ?
pancreas
Food moves in the gastrointestinal tract by which of these processes?
peristalsis of the circular and longitudinal muscles
Which of the following does NOT correctly match the endocrine system organ with its function?
pituitary: production and regulation of cortisol and adrenaline
The liquid part of the blood is called
plasma
Plants are autotrophs, meaning that they
produce their own food
If someone is lying belly down, their positioning is said to be what?
prone
Which type of nutrient is broken down by trypsin?
protein
When exhaling, the diaphragm
relaxes
Compounds that are acidic will be able to lower the pH of a solution by doing which of the following?
releasing H+ ions
Large lymphatic trunks unite to form which two main vessels of the lymphatic system?
right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct
The tidal volume is the amount of air moved during
shallow breathing
In the digestive system, the majority of nutrients are absorbed in the
small intestine
In a chemical reaction: sulfuric acid + substance X = salt + water + carbon dioxide. What could substance X be?
sodium carbonate
The vertebral column protects the
spinal column
In humans, which organ is not part of the endocrine system?
stomach
Cardiac muscles exhibit which of these features?
striated, involuntary, intercalated discs present
Which of the following produces a gas from a solid?
sublimation
Which part of the PNS is accountable for the fight or flight reaction?
sympathetic
What is the name of a state of constant muscle contraction caused by rapid successive nerve signals?
tetanus
What is the VSEPR structure of a PO4 (phosphate) molecule?
tetrahedral
When measuring blood pressure, the numbers represent:
the systolic and diastolic pressures respectively
Which of these make up a molecule of fat?
three molecules of fatty acid and one molecule of glycerol
Maturation and development of T cells takes place in which region?
thymus gland
What is the anterior bone of the lower leg?
tibia
What are groups of cells that perform the same function?
tissues
Which of the following is not a specialized sense?
touch
Where are the cilia found?
trachea
Which of the following is NOT a kind of genetic mutation?
uncover mutation
Which of the following is exchanged between two or more atoms that undergo ionic bonding?
valence electrons
Blood is prevented from changing direction in the veins by
valves
Which of the following is not an organ system in humans?
vascular system
A change in the gravitational field affects which property of a body?
weight
Which of the following is an example of a tissue?
xylem
