ATI Pharmacology Final Exam Review
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking amitriptyline. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects?• A) Orthostatic hypotension B) Drooling C) Diarrhea D) Metallic taste in mouth
A) Orthostatic hypotension
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has bipolar disorder and will be discharged with a prescription for lithium. The nurse should teach the client that which of the following factors puts her at risk for lithium toxicity?• A) The client runs 4 miles outdoors every afternoon. B) The client drinks 2 liters of liquids daily. C) The client eats 2 to 3 gm of sodium-containing foods daily. D) The client eats foods high in tyramine.
A) The client runs 4 miles outdoors every afternoon
A nurse is caring for a client who has bipolar disorder and has been taking lithium for 1 year. Before administering the medication, the nurse should check to see that which of the following tests have been completed?• A) Thyroid hormone assay B) Liver Function tests C) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate D) Brain Natriuretic peptide
A) Thyroid hormone assay
A nurse is reviewing laboratory results of a client who has atrial fibrillation and is taking warfarin. For which of the following results should the nurse notify the provider? a. PT 45 seconds b. Hgb 16 g/dL c. Hct 44% d. Platelets 190,000/mm^3
a. PT 45 seconds
A nurse is monitoring a client who took an overdose of acetaminophen 72 hr ago. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as a manifestation of acetaminophen poisoning? a. Constipation b. Xerostomia c. Tinnitus d. Vomiting
d. Vomiting
A nurse is preparing to titrate morphine 6 mg via IV bolus to a client. The amount available is morphine 8 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest hundredth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Ans:- 0.75 mL Desired-6mg Have-8mg D/H=6/8=0.75 mL
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a child who is prescribed diphenhydramine 25 mg elixir every 4 hr as needed. The amount available is diphenhydramine elixir 12.5 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Ans:- 10 mL Desired-25 mg Have-12.5 mg Quantity-5 mL (D/H)xQ=(25/12.5)x5=10 mL
A nurse is preparing to administer 40 mEq of potassium chloride in 45% sodium chloride (NaCl) 500 mL IV to infuse 10 mEq/hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Ans:- 125 mL/hr Desired-10 mEq Have-40 mEq Quantity-500 mL (D/H)xQ=(10/40)x500=125 mL/hr
A nurse is preparing to administer celecoxib 200 mg PO daily divided into two equal doses. Available is celecoxib 50 mg capsules. How many capsules should the nurse administer with each dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Ans:- 2 capsules 200 mg / 2 = 100 mg/dose. Desired-100 mg Have-50 mg D/H=100/50=2 capsules
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with heart failure who is currently prescribed Furosemide 40mg IV push BID and Digoxin 50mcg PO daily for blood pressure control. The patient reports feeling weak, is seeing spots and has had little urinary output throughout the day. What does the nurse suspect is the cause of the patient's current condition?• A) Hypervolemia B) Digoxin toxicity C) Poor cardiac output D) Dysrhythmias
B) Digoxin toxicity
A client who has a history of myocardial infarction (MI) is prescribed aspirin 325 mg. The nurse recognizes that the aspirin is given due to which of the following actions of the medication? A) Analgesic B) Anti-inflammatory C) Antiplatelet aggregate D) Antipyretic
C) Antiplatelet aggregate
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving mydriatic eye drops. Which of the following manifestations indicates to the nurse that the client has developed a systemic anticholinergic effect?• A) Seizures B) Bradycardia C) Constipation D) Hypothermia
C) Constipation.
The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of Parkinson's who has been taking Levodopa for two weeks. Upon assessment, The nurse notices that the client has facial grimacing, muscle spasms of the tongue and involuntary eye movement. The nurse suspects the patient may be experiencing extrapyramidal (EPS) symptoms. What intervention is the nurse's main priority?• A) Nothing, these are expected side effects of long-term Levodopa use B) Administer the medication, contact the physician with your concerns and request an order for diphenhydramine C) Hold the medication, contact the physician with your concerns and request an order for diphenhydramine. D) Administer the medication and continue to monitor the patient to see if the condition persists.
C) Hold the medication, contact the physician with your concerns and request an order for diphenhydramine.
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of client who is to receive the first dose of cefoxitin via intermittent IV bolus. Which of the following finding should the nurse identify as a contradiction for the client to receive cefoxitin and report to the provider?
D. A severe allergy to amoxicillin.
A nurse is preparing to administer levothyroxine 0.175 mg PO once a day. The amount available is levothyroxine 88 mcg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose?
Desired-0.175mg Have 88 mcg 1 mg=1000 mcg 0.175mg = ? - 175 mcg D/H=175/88 =1.9886 Ans:- 2 tablets.
A nurse is preparing to administer hydrocortisone 100 mg IM daily to a client. Available is hydrocortisone 250 mg/2 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?
Desired-100mg Have- 250mg Quantity-2mL (D/H)x Q= (100/250)x2mL Ans:- 0.8mL
A nurse is preparing to administer cimetidine 300 mg PO twice daily to a client. The amount available is cimetidine 300 mg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose?
Desired-300 mg Have- 300 mg D/H=300/300= 1 tab Ans:- 1 tab
A nurse is teaching a client who has multiple sclerosis about a new prescription for baclofen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "Do not take antihistamines with this medication." b. "Take the medication on an empty stomach." c. "Stop taking the medication immediately for a headache." d. "Expect to develop diarrhea initially."
a. "Do not take antihistamines with this medication."
A nurse is preparing a presentation about glucosamine to a group of clients. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "Glucosamine may help to increase joint functionality." b. "Glucosamine can be used in the treatment of herpes simplex infections." c. "Glucosamine can improve age-related memory impairment." d. "Glucosamine is derived from red peppers."
a. "Glucosamine may help to increase joint functionality."
A charge nurse is supervising a newly licensed nurse provide care for a client who has a PCA pump. Which of the following statements made by the nurse requires further action by the charge nurse? a. "I discarded the remaining 2 milligrams of morphine from the PCA pump. Please document that you witnessed it." b. "I noted that my client pushed the PCA button six times in the last hour, and the PCA lockout is set for 10 minutes." c. "I gave my client a bolus dose of morphine when I initiated the PCA pump." d. "I told the client's family that they must not push the PCA button for the client."
a. "I discarded the remaining 2 milligrams of morphine from the PCA pump. Please document that you witnessed it."
A nurse is teaching a client who has multiple sclerosis and a new prescription for dantrolene. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I need to apply a sunscreen when I go outside." b. "I can take an over-the-counter antihistamine for allergies when I'm taking this drug." c. "I should take this medication when my spasms are bad." d. "My muscle strength should improve a lot in 2 to 3 days."
a. "I need to apply a sunscreen when I go outside."
A nurse is teaching a client who is taking atorvastatin daily. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will avoid drinking grapefruit juice." b. "I should take this medication without food." c. "I should expect my stools to turn clay-colored." d. "It is not necessary to have routine lab tests done."
a. "I will avoid drinking grapefruit juice."
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who takes opioid pain medication and has a new prescription for docusate sodium. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "It might take up to 3 days for the medication to work." b. "I will take the medication for diarrhea." c. "I should drink 4 ounces of water when I take the medication." d. "I can take this medication along with mineral oil."
a. "It might take up to 3 days for the medication to work."
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who will be receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) at home. Which of the following instruction should the nurse include? (Select all that apply).
a. "Keep the TPN refrigerated when not in use". b. "Infuse 10 percent dextrose and water if the solution runs out". E. "Maintain TPN infusion rate when behind schedule".
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for bumetanide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "Report changes in hearing." b. "Avoid foods high in potassium." c. "Take the prescribed second dose at nighttime." d. "Limit your fluid intake to no more than 1.5 L a day."
a. "Report changes in hearing."
A nurse is caring for a child who is experiencing status asthmaticus. Which of the following interventions is the priority for the nurse to take? a. Administer a short-acting ß2 -agonist (SABA). b. Obtain a peak flow reading. c. Administer an inhaled glucocorticoid. d. Determine the cause of the acute exacerbation.
a. Administer a short-acting ß2 -agonist (SABA).
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has stable angina and a new prescription for transdermal nitroglycerin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. Apply the patch to a hairless area and rotate sites. b. Apply a new patch each morning. c. Remove the patch for 10 to 12 hr daily. d. Apply the patch to dry skin and cover the area with plastic wrap. e. Apply a new patch at the onset of anginal pain.
a. Apply the patch to a hairless area and rotate sites. b. Apply a new patch each morning. c. Remove the patch for 10 to 12 hr daily.
A nurse caring for a client who has hypertension and asks the nurse about a prescription for propranolol. The nurse should inform the client that this medication is contraindicated in clients who have a history of which of the following conditions? a. Asthma b. Glaucoma c. Depression d. Migraines
a. Asthma
A nurse is instructing the parents of a client who has a new prescription for methylphenidate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. Avoid activities that require alertness such as driving. b. Increase caffeine intake. c. Take this medication before bedtime. d. Reduce calorie intake.
a. Avoid activities that require alertness such as driving.
A patient who recently began having mild symptoms of GERD is reluctant to minimize this client's symptoms? (Select all that apply.)
a. Avoiding hot, spicy foods b. Avoiding tobacco products e. taking ibuprofen with food
An assistive personnel (AP) reports a client's vital signs as tympanic temperature 37.1*C (98.8*F), pulse 92/min, respiratory rate 18/min, and BP 98/58 mmHg. Which of the following vital signs should the nurse re-measure? a. BP b. Respiratory Rate c. Pulse rate d. Temperature
a. BP
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for aluminum hydroxide to treat heartburn. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for and report which of the following adverse reactions? a. Constipation b. Flatulence c. Palpitations d. Headache
a. Constipation
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for diazepam. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Diazepam can cause drowsiness. b. This medication must be swallowed whole. c. It is important to avoid foods that contain tyramine. d. Grapefruit juice inactivates this medication.
a. Diazepam can cause drowsiness.
The Nurse is teaching a patient who is about to take a long car trip about using dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) to prevent motion sickness. What information is important to include when teaching this patient?
a. Do not drive while taking this medication.
A nurse is preparing to administer a transfusion of RBCs to a client who has heart failure. For which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor to prevent fluid volume overload? (Select all that apply.) a. Dyspnea b. Gastrointestinal bloating c. Jugular vein distention d. Confusion e. Hypotension
a. Dyspnea c. Jugular vein distention d. Confusion
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin for heart failure and develops indications of severe digoxin toxicity. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer? a. Fab antibody fragments b. Flumazenil c. Acetylcysteine d. Naloxone
a. Fab antibody fragments
A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and a new prescription for ondansetron to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor? a. Headache b. Dependent edema c. Polyuria d. Photosensitivity
a. Headache
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a complication of this therapy? a. Hyperglycemia b. Aspiration c. Diarrhea d. Stomatitis
a. Hyperglycemia
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for cimetidine to treat peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
a. I can take this medication with or without food. f. I will eat five small meals each day.
A nurse is assessing a client who reports acute pain. The nurse should anticipate which of the following finding? a. Increased heart rate b. Decreased respiratory rate c.Hyperactive bowel sounds d. Decreased blood pressure
a. Increased heart rate
A nurse in an emergency department is preparing to administer theophylline by continuous intravenous (IV) infusion to a client who is experiencing an asthma attack. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Infuse the medication with an IV pump. b. Cover the IV container with dark paper. c. Administer a test dose first. d. Infuse the medication at 35 mg/min.
a. Infuse the medication with an IV pump.
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking levothyroxine. The nurse should recognize that which of the following findings is a manifestation of levothyroxine overdose? a. Insomnia b. Constipation c. Drowsiness d. Hypoactive deep-tendon reflexes
a. Insomnia
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for regular insulin and NPH insulin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Keep the open vial of insulin at room temperature. b. Inject the insulin into a large muscle. c. Aspirate the medication prior to administration. d. Administer the insulin in two separate injections.
a. Keep the open vial of insulin at room temperature.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for captopril. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Monitor for a cough. b. Hold medication for heart rate less than 60/min. c. Take this medication with food. d. Avoid grapefruit juice.
a. Monitor for a cough.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for dimenhydrinate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Monitor for dizziness. b. Observe for diarrhea. c. Administer 24 hr before effects are desired. d. Expect an increase in salivation.
a. Monitor for dizziness.
A nurse is teaching a client about taking diphenhydramine. The nurse should explain to the client that which of the following is an adverse effect of this medication? a. Sedation b. Constipation c. Hypertension d. Bradycardia.
a. Sedation
A nurse is reviewing the medication list for a client who has a new diagnosis of a small bowel obstruction. The nurse should withhold which of the following medications? a. Senna b. Ibuprofen c. Omeprazole d. Zolpidem
a. Senna
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving dopamine IV to treat left ventricular failure. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is having a therapeutic effect? a. Systolic blood pressure is increased b. Cardiac output is reduced c. Apical heart rate is increased d. Urine output is reduced
a. Systolic blood pressure is increased
A nurse is teaching a client who has asthma about how to use an albuterol inhaler. Which of the following actions by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. The client holds his breath for 10 seconds after inhaling the medication. b. The client takes a quick inhalation while releasing the medication from the inhaler. c. The client exhales as the medication is released from the inhaler. d. The client waits 10 min between inhalations.
a. The client holds his breath for 10 seconds after inhaling the medication.
The nurse is interacting a patient who will take psyllium Metamucil) to treat constipation. What information will the nurse include when teaching this patient?
a. The important of consuming adequate amount of water.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a skin infection and a new prescription for gentamicin topical cream. Which of the following instruction should the nurse provide?
a. Wash the affected area with soap and water before applying cream.
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who took 3 nitroglycerin tablets sublingually for chest pain. The client reports relief from the chest pain but now he is experiencing a headache. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? a. "A headache is an indication of an allergy to the medication." b. "A headache is an expected adverse effect of the medication." c. "A headache indicates tolerance to the medication." d. "A headache is likely due to the anxiety about the chest pain."
b. "A headache is an expected adverse effect of the medication."
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and has a prescription for glipizide. Which of the following statements by the nurse best describes the action of glipizide? a. "Glipizide absorbs the excess carbohydrates in your system." b. "Glipizide stimulates your pancreas to release insulin." c. "Glipizide replaces insulin that is not being produced by your pancreas." d. "Glipizide prevents your liver from destroying your insulin."
b. "Glipizide stimulates your pancreas to release insulin."
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has gout and a new prescription for allopurinol. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "If I get a rash from this medication, I will take my usual antihistamine." b. "I need to increase my fluid intake while taking this medication." c. "I should take this medicine on an empty stomach." d. "If I get a fever while taking this medication, I will take some aspirin."
b. "I need to increase my fluid intake while taking this medication."
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for ferrous sulfate. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will expect the color of my urine to be amber." b. "I should expect dark, tarry stools." c. "I should expect increased bruising." d. "I will not get as many infections."
b. "I should expect dark, tarry stools."
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has asthma and new prescriptions for cromolyn and albuterol, both by nebulizer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "If my breathing begins to feel tight, I will use the cromolyn immediately." b. "I will be sure to take the albuterol before taking the cromolyn." c. "I will use both medications immediately after exercising." d. "I will administer the medications 10 minutes apart."
b. "I will be sure to take the albuterol before taking the cromolyn."
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking naproxen following an exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following statements by the client requires further discussion by the nurse? a. "I signed up for a swimming class." b. "I've been taking an antacid to help with indigestion." c. "I've lost 2 pounds since my appointment 2 weeks ago." d. "The naproxen is easier to take when I crush it and put it in applesauce."
b. "I've been taking an antacid to help with indigestion."
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and a new prescription for sucralfate tablets. Which of the following information should the nurse provide? a. "An antacid may be taken with the medication if indigestion occurs." b. "Take sucralfate 1 hr before meals." c. "Take the tablets whole." d. "Store sucralfate in the refrigerator."
b. "Take sucralfate 1 hr before meals."
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for docusate. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "Do not take this medication before bedtime." b. "Take the medication with a full glass of water." c. "Expect abdominal pain with this medication." d. "Take this medication on an empty stomach."
b. "Take the medication with a full glass of water."
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for clopidogrel. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. "Take this medication with food." b. "You might have to stop taking this medication 5 days before any planned surgeries." c. "Take this medication three times daily." d. "Expect to have black-colored stools while taking this medication."
b. "You might have to stop taking this medication 5 days before any planned surgeries."
A nurse is teaching a client who has a duodenal ulcer about his new prescription for cimetidine. The nurse should include which of the following instructions in the teaching? a. "Take the medication with an antacid to minimize stomach upset." b. "Your doctor might need to reduce your theophylline dose while taking this medication." c. "Take the medication on an empty stomach for better absorption." d. "You should plan to take this medication for at least 6 months."
b. "Your doctor might need to reduce your theophylline dose while taking this medication."
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has hypertension and a new prescription for metoprolol. Which of the following findings should the nurse investigate further? a. Diet-controlled Type 2 diabetes mellitus b. A history of left-sided heart failure c. A concurrent prescription for tadalafil d. Recently treated bilateral pneumonia
b. A history of left-sided heart failure
A nurse is caring for a child who has asthma and a prescription for montelukast granules. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide the client's parent on administering the medication? a. Give the medication in the morning daily. b. Administer the medication 2 hr before exercise. c. Give the medication at the onset of wheezing. d. Administer the granules mixed with 20 oz of water.
b. Administer the medication 2 hr before exercise.
A nurse is administering sucralfate to a client who has a gastric ulcer. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Instruct the client to chew the sucralfate for fasting absorption. b. Administer the medication without food or fluids. c. Limit the client's fluids while on sucralfate therapy. d. Administer sucralfate with an antacid.
b. Administer the medication without food or fluids.
The nurse if looking up a drug that has been prescribed and wants to know the therapeutic classification for the drug. Which of the following would indicate a therapeutic classification? a. Beta-adrenergic antagonist b. Antihypertensive c. Diuretic d. Calcium channel blocker
b. Antihypertensive
A nurse is assessing a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus and is taking hydroxychloroquine. The nurse should report which of the following adverse effects to the provider immediately? a. Diarrhea b. Blurred vision c. Pruritus d. Fatigue
b. Blurred vision
The nurse is caring for a patient who is being treated for hypothyroidism. The patient reports insomnia, nervousness, and flushing of the skin. Before notifying the provider, the nurse will perform which action?
b. Check the patient heart rate to assess for tachycardia.
The nurse receive s the following order for insulin: IV NPH (Humulin NPH) 10 units. The nurse will perform which action? a. Administer the does as ordered. b. clarify the insulin type and route. c. give the drug subcutaneously. d. Question the insulin dose.
b. Clarify the insulin type and route.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for prednisone to treat rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse should inform the client that which of the following is a therapeutic effect of this medication? a. Reduces risk of infection b. Decrease inflammation c. Improves peripheral blood flow d. Increase bone density
b. Decrease inflammation.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has rheumatoid arthritis and a new prescription for methotrexate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. Expect to feel the medication's effects immediately. b. Do not drink alcoholic beverages while taking this medication. c. Report unexplained bruising to the provider. d. Avoid people who have infections. e. Take NSAIDS to help minimize the adverse effects of the medication.
b. Do not drink alcoholic beverages while taking this medication. c. Report unexplained bruising to the provider. d. Avoid people who have infections.
A nurse is teaching a client who has rheumatoid arthritis about taking methotrexate. Which of the following information should the nurse include? a. Take an antiemetic 1 hr. following administration. b. Drink 2 to 3 L of water per day c. Take the medication with an NSAID d. Rinse mouth 2 times per day with an alcohol based mouthwash
b. Drinking 2 to 3 L of water per day
A nurse is receiving a client who is immediately postoperative following hip arthroplasty. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer for DVT prophylaxis? a. Aspirin PO b. Enoxaparin subcutaneous c. Heparin infusion d. Warfarin PO
b. Enoxaparin subcutaneous
A nurse is caring for a female client who has rheumatoid arthritis and asks the nurse if it is safe for her to take aspirin. The nurse should recognize which of the following findings in the client's history is a contraindication to this medication? a. Report of recent migraine headaches b. History of gastric ulcers c. Current diagnosis of glaucoma d. Prior reports of amenorrhea
b. History of gastric ulcers
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a continuous IV infusion of dopamine. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a therapeutic effect? a. Increased pulse b. Increased urine output c. Decreased blood pressure d. Decreased dysrhythmias
b. Increased urine output
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has osteoporosis and a new prescription for alendronate. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report to the provider? (Select all that apply.) a. Tinnitus b. Jaw pain c. Blurred vision d. Drowsiness e. Dysphagia
b. Jaw pain c. Blurred vision e. Dysphagia
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of hypothyroidism. On which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to instruct the client? a. Radioactive iodine b. Levothyroxine c. Sumatriptan d. Levofloxacin
b. Levothyroxine
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypercholesterolemia and is receiving simvastatin. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a potential adverse effect? a. Urinary retention b. Muscle weakness c. Orthostatic hypotension d. Blurred vision
b. Muscle weakness
A nurse is preparing to administer morphine IV to a client. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to have available? a. Flumazenil b. Naloxone c. Protamine d. Neostigmine
b. Naloxone
A nurse is caring for a client who has thrombophlebitis and is receiving a continuous heparin infusion. Which of the following medications should the nurse have available to reverse heparin's effects? a. Vitamin K b. Protamine sulfate c. Acetylcysteine d. Deferasirox
b. Protamine sulfate
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and requires mechanical ventilation. The client receives a prescription for pancuronium. The nurse recognizes that this medication is for which of the following purposes? a. Decrease chest wall compliance b. Suppress respiratory effort c. Induce sedation d. Decrease respiratory secretions
b. Suppress respiratory effort
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking lisinopril to treat hypertension. Which of the following findings is a priority to report? a. Dry cough b. Swelling of the tongue c. Nausea d. Nasal congestion
b. Swelling of the tongue
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for ibuprofen to treat hip pain. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Expect ringing in your ears. b. Take the medication with food. c. Store the medication in the refrigerator. d. Monitor for weight loss.
b. Take the medication with food.
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has anemia and a new prescription for ferrous sulfate liquid. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide? a. Take the medication on an empty stomach to decrease gastrointestinal irritation. b. Take the medication with orange juice to enhance absorption. c. Take the medication with milk. d. Rinse the mouth before taking the iron.
b. Take the medication with orange juice to enhance absorption.
A nurse is caring for a client who asks how albuterol helps his breathing. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? (Select all that apply.) a. The medication will stimulate flow of mucus. b. The medication will prevent wheezing. c. The medication will open the airways. d. The medication will reduce inflammation. e. The medication will decrease coughing episodes.
b. The medication will prevent wheezing. c. The medication will open the airways. e. The medication will decrease coughing episodes.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Mild nosebleeds are common during initial treatment. b. Use an electric razor while on this medication. c. If a dose of the medication is missed, double the dose at the next scheduled time. d. Increase fiber intake to reduce the adverse effect of constipation.
b. Use an electric razor while on this medication.
A nurse is caring for a client who has thrombophlebitis and is receiving heparin by continuous IV infusion. The client asks the nurse how long it will take for the heparin to dissolve the clot. Which of the following responses should the nurse give? a. "It usually takes heparin at least 2 to 3 days to reach a therapeutic blood level." b. "A pharmacist is the person to answer that question." c. "Heparin does not dissolve clots. It stops new clots from forming." d. "The oral medication you will take after this IV will dissolve the clot."
c. "Heparin does not dissolve clots. It stops new clots from forming."
A nurse is caring for a client who is to start taking cyclosporine following a kidney transplant. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following foods can have an adverse interaction with this medication? a. Pepperoni b. Orange juice c. Grapefruit juice d. Smoked salmon
c. Grapefruit juice
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for esomeprazole to manage his GERD. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I won't pass gas as often now that I am taking this medication." b. "I will take this medication each morning with my breakfast." c. "I have an increased risk of getting pneumonia while taking this medication." d. "I will need to take a daily stool softener while taking this medication."
c. "I have an increased risk of getting pneumonia while taking this medication."
A nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with a client who has rheumatoid arthritis and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I should take my flu vaccine within one week of starting this medication." b. "I can expect a sore throat for the first week after starting this medication." c. "I should eat more bananas while taking this medication." d. "I should take aspirin for minor aches and pains while taking this medication."
c. "I should eat more bananas while taking this medication."
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for verapamil for angina. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. "Limit your fluid intake to meal times." b. "Do not take this medication on an empty stomach." c. "Increase your daily intake of dietary fiber." d. "You can expect swelling of the ankles while taking this medication."
c. "Increase your daily intake of dietary fiber."
The patient is ordered to receive insulin lispro at mealtimes. The nurse will instruct this patient to administer the medication at which time? a. 5 minutes before eating b. 15 minutes after eating c. 30 minutes before eating d. 10 minutes after eating
c. 5 minutes before eating.
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who reports drinking three to four glasses of wine each night and taking 3,000 mg of acetaminophen daily. Which of the following laboratory values is the priority for the nurse to assess? a. Amylase b. Creatinine c. Asprtate aminotransferase (AST) d. Antidiurectic hormone (ADH)
c. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST).
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has emphysema and a new prescription for theophylline. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide? a. Consume a high-protein diet. b. Administer the medication with food. c. Avoid caffeine while taking this medication. d. Increase fluids to 1L/per day.
c. Avoid caffeine while taking this medication.
A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus and receives 25 units of NPH insulin every morning if her blood glucose level is above 200 mg/dL. Which of the following information should the nurse include? a. Discard the NPH solution if it appears cloudy. b. Shake the insulin vigorously before loading the syringe. c. Expect the NPH insulin to peak in 6 to 14 hr. d. Freeze unopened insulin vials.
c. Expect the NPH insulin to peak in 6 to 14 hr.
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who reports taking pseudoephedrine for sinus congestion as needed. The nurse should identify that pseudoephedrine is contraindicated for which of the following client conditions? a. Eczema b. Migraines c. Hypertension d. Diverticulitis
c. Hypertension
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving liothyronine for treatment of hypothyroidism. The nurse should recognize which of the following findings is a therapeutic response to this medication? a. Decrease in appetite b. Increase in weight c. Increase in energy d. Decrease in body temperature
c. Increase in energy
A nurse is caring for a client who has atrial fibrillation and receives digoxin daily. Before administering this medication, which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Offer the client a light snack. b. Measure the client's blood pressure. c. Measure the client's apical pulse. d. Weigh the client.
c. Measure the client's apical pulse.
A nurse is reviewing the medication list for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize which of the following medications can cause glucose intolerance? a. Cimetidine b. Dextromethorphan c. Prednisone d. Atorvastatin
c. Prednisone
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery and reports incisional pain. The surgeon has prescribed morphine 4 mg IV bolus every 6 hr as needed. Before administering this medication, the nurse should complete which priority assessment? a. Blood pressure b. Apical heart rate c. Respiratory rate d. Temperature
c. Respiratory rate
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has asthma and a new prescription for inhaled beclomethasone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide? a. Check the pulse after medication administration. b. Take the medication with meals. c. Rinse the mouth after administration. d. Limit caffeine intake.
c. Rinse the mouth after administration.
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking montelukast. Which of the following outcomes indicates a therapeutic effect of the medication? a. The client experiences less muscle pain. b. The client's seizure threshold is reduced. c. The client experiences an increased ease of breathing. d. The client's platelet count is increased.
c. The client experiences an increased ease of breathing.
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal disease and is receiving therapy with epoetin alfa. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse review for an indication of a therapeutic effect of the medication? a. The leukocyte count b. The platelet count c. The hematocrit (Hct) d. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
c. The hematocrit (Hct)
A nurse is caring for a client who has a fractured ulna and a new prescription for cyclobenzaprine. Before administering, which of the following explanations should the nurse provide to explain the purpose of the medication? a. The medication will kill microorganisms that can cause infection at the fracture site. b. Cyclobenzaprine will reduce itching that might occur as the fracture begins to heal. c. The medication will relieve muscle spasms that might occur with a fracture. d. Cyclobenzaprine will relieve any nausea associated with a fracture.
c. The medication will relieve muscle spasms that might occur with a fracture.
A nurse is teaching to a client who has a new prescription for hydroxychloroquine to treat mild manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a. This medication should be taken between meals. b. This medication can turn skin an orange c. Wear sunglasses when out in bright sunshine d. Avoid crushing the medication
c. Wear sunglasses when out in bright sunshine.
A nurse is collecting data on a client who has a new prescription for ampicillin. The nurse should recognize which of the following findings is a priority? a. Nausea b. Vomiting c. Wheezing d. Moniliasis
c. Wheezing
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has asthma and a new prescription for fluticasone/salmeterol. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report to the provider? a. Sedation b. Increased appetite c. White coating in the mouth d. Dry oral mucous membranes
c. White coating in the mouth
A nurse is caring for a client who is on warfarin therapy for atrial fibrillation. The client's INR is 5.2. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer? a. Epinephrine b. Atropine c. Protamine d. Vitamin K
d. Vitamin K
A nurse is caring for a client who has developed agranulocytosis as a result of taking propylthiouracil to treat hyperthyroidism. the nurse should understand that this client is at increased risk for which of the following condition? a. Excessive bleeding b. Ecchymosis c. Infection d. hyperglcemia
c. infection
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for NPH insulin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. "Discard the medication if it is cloudy." b. "Briskly shake the medication before filling the syringe." c. "Take this medication15 minutes before meals." d. "Eat a snack 8 hours after taking this medication."
d. "Eat a snack 8 hours after taking this medication."
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a prescription for digoxin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an adverse effect of the medication? a. "I can walk a mile a day." b. "I've had a backache for several days." c. "I am urinating more frequently." d. "I feel nauseated and have no appetite."
d. "I feel nauseated and have no appetite."
A nurse is teaching a client who has angina about nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "Place one tablet under your tongue every 5 minutes for 30 minutes to relieve chest pain." b. "Nitroglycerin decreases chest pain by dissolving blood clots that are occluding the arteries." c. "You can store the bottle of tablets in your bathroom medicine cabinet." d. "Nitroglycerin dilates cardiac blood vessels to deliver more oxygen to the heart."
d. "Nitroglycerin dilates cardiac blood vessels to deliver more oxygen to the heart."
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of asthma. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the client to use to abort an acute asthma attack? a. Beclomethasone b. Salmeterol c. Formoterol d. Albuterol
d. Albuterol
A nurse is preparing to use the Z-track technique to administer a medication to a client. Which of the following is an appropriate action during this procedure? a. Pull the skin 1.3 cm (1/2 inch) to the side. b. Insert the needle slowly and gently. c. Use a 45° angle of insertion. d. Aspirate for 5 to 10 seconds.
d. Aspirate for 5 to 10 seconds.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for cyclobenzaprine. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Discontinue medication if nausea occurs b. Expect urine to turn orange c. Monitor for increased muscle spasms. d. Avoid driving until effects are known.
d. Avoid driving until effects are known.
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has been on levothyroxine for several months. Which of the following findings indicates a therapeutic response to the medication? a. Decrease in level of thyroxine (T4) b. Increase in weight c. Increase in hr of sleep per night d. Decrease in level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).
d. Decrease in level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has asthma and a new prescription for montelukast. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects to the provider? a. Blurred vision b. Palpitations c. Constipation d. Depression
d. Depression
A nurse is teaching a client how to draw up regular insulin and NPH insulin into the same syringe. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. Draw up the NPH insulin into the syringe first. b. Inject air into the regular insulin first. c. Shake the NPH insulin until it is well mixed. d. Discard regular insulin that appears cloudy.
d. Discard regular insulin that appears cloudy.
A nurse is completing a medical interview with a client who has elevated cholesterol levels and takes warfarin. The nurse should recognize that which of the following actions by the client can potentiate the effects of warfarin? a. The client follows a low-fat diet to reduce cholesterol. b. The client drinks a glass of grapefruit juice every day. c. The client sprinkles flax seeds on food 1 hr before taking the anticoagulant. d. The client uses garlic to lower cholesterol levels.
d. The client uses garlic to lower cholesterol levels.
A nurse is completing a medication history for a client who reports using over-the-counter calcium carbonate antacid. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make about taking this medication? a. Decrease bulk in the diet to counteract the adverse effect of diarrhea. b. Take the medication with dairy products to increase absorption. c. Reduce sodium intake. d. Drink a glass of water after taking the medication.
d. Drink a glass of water after taking the medication.
A nurse is preparing to administer three liquid medications to a client who has an NG feeding tube with continuous enteral feedings. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
d. Flush the NG feeding tube with 30mL of water immediately following medication administration.
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes and plans to administer his regular insulin subcutaneously before he eats breakfast at 0800. After checking the client's morning glucose level, which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Give the insulin at 0700 b. Give the insulin when the breakfast tray arrives. c. Give the insulin 30 min after breakfast with the client's other routine medicines. d. Give the insulin at 0730.
d. Give the insulin at 0730.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for aspirin to prevent cardiovascular disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Take the tablets on an empty stomach. b. Expect stools to turn black. c. Anticipate the tablets to smell like vinegar. d. Monitor for tinnitus.
d. Monitor for tinnitus.
A 35-years-old woman reports lethargy, difficulty remembering things, facial edema, dry skin, and cessation of menses. The nurse notes a heart rate of 60 betas per minute and a weight increase of 5 pounds from a previous visit. The nurse will notify the provider of which possible condition? a. Cretinism b. Early menopause c. Hyperthyroidism d. Myxedema
d. Myxedema
A nurse is planning to administer butorphanol to a client who is in labor. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to have available to reverse the action of this medication? a. Protamine b. Diphenhydramine c. Atropine d. Naloxone
d. Naloxone
A nurse is teaching a newly hired group of assistive personnel (AP) about infection-control measures on the unit. It is crucial for the nurse to remind the APs that which of the following is the most effective way to prevent the spread of pathogen during client care?
d. Performing hand hygiene frequently and consistently.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data on a client who has a new prescription for heparin for treatment of a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following data should the nurse report to the provider? a. Hematocrit 45% b. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) 65 seconds c. White blood cell count 8,000/mm^3 d. Platelets 74,000/mm^3
d. Platelets 74,000/mm^3
A nurse is assessing a client who is on long term omeprazole therapy. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the medication is effective? a. Increased appetite b. Regular bowel movements c. Absence of headache d. Reduced dyspepsia
d. Reduced dyspepsia
A nurse is assessing a client prior to the administration of morphine. The nurse should recognize that which of the following assessment is the priority? a. Pupil reaction b. Urine output c. Bowel sound d. Respiratory rate
d. Respiratory rate
A nurse is teaching a client about taking an expectorant to treat a cough. The nurse should explain that this type of medication has which of the following actions? a. Reduces inflammation b. Suppresses the urge to cough c. Dries mucous membranes d. Stimulates secretions
d. Stimulates secretions
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has asthma and is about to start taking theophylline (Theo-24). The nurse should tell the client that this medication might cause which of the following adverse effects? a. Drowsiness b. Constipation c. Oliguria d. Tachycardia
d. Tachycardia
A hospice nurse is caring for a client who has terminal cancer and takes PO morphine for pain relief. The client reports that he had to increase the dose of morphine this week to obtain pain relief. Which of the following scenarios should the nurse document as the explanation for this situation? a. The client not been taking the medication properly. b. The client is experiencing episodes of confusion. c. The client has become addicted to the medication. d. The client developed a tolerance to the medication.
d. The client developed a tolerance to the medication.