ATI Pharmacology The Endocrine System

A nurse is teaching a client about self-administering regular insulin. The nurse should instruct the client to rotate injection sites to prevent which of the following?

Lipohypertrophy proliferation of fat at the sites of repeated insulin injection sites, keeping them at least 2.5 cm (1 in) apart

A nurse administers pramlintide at 0800 to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. At which of the following times should the nurse expect the drug to exert its peak action?

0820 peaks 20 minutes after administration. The nurse should monitor the client for indications of hypoglycemia, such as diaphoresis and tremors

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking pioglitazone to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should explain to the client about the need to monitor which of the following laboratory values?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)- medication can cause liver injury, client should report jaundice, dark colored urine, or abdominal pain LDL- medication can cause elevations in both high-density lipoproteins and LDLs

A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for glipizide therapy to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Avoid drinking alcohol alcohol can interact with glipizide, a sulfonylurea, causing nausea, palpitations, and flushing

A nurse is educating the parents of a child who has a new diagnosis of Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) and has been prescribed somatropin. Which of the following statements by a parent indicates understanding of the teaching?

We will use a different spot for injection each time we give the medication to avoid atrophy of the tissue

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking metformin to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and reports muscle pain. Which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse suspect?

lactic acidosis manifestations include muscle aches, sleepiness, malaise, and hyperventilation

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin insulin glargine therapy. The nurse should identify the need for additional precautions because the client also takes which of the following types of drugs?

Beta blockers beta blockers mask symptoms such as tachycardia and tremors. Beta blockers also increase hypoglycemic effects

A nurse is teaching a client about acarbose therapy to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Eat more iron-rich foods acarbose can cause iron-deficiency anemia

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is about to begin levothyroxine therapy to treat hypothyroidism. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Expect life-long therapy with the drug

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is about to begin exenatide therapy to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Inject the drug subcutaneously expect the peak effect in 2 hours use the drug as a supplement to an oral hypoglycemic

A nurse is providing teaching to a client about taking fludrocortisone to treat adrenocortical insufficiency. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Obtain weight measurements daily report weakness or palpitations have blood pressure checked regularly

A nurse is speaking with a client who is taking glipizide to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and has called to report feeling shaky, hungry, and fatigued. Which of the following action should the nurse instruct the client to take?

Perform a fingerstick blood glucose check

A nurse is assessing a client who has a new prescription for levothyroxine. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as a contraindication for this drug?

Recent myocardial infarction medication can cause tachycardia, palpitations, and hypertension

A nurse should recognize that a provider will prescribe a lower dose of sitagliptin for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and who also has which of the following?

Renal impairment Requires cautious use with clients who have renal dysfunction and low creatinine clearance because the kidneys eliminate the drug virtually intact

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking propylthiouracil (PTU) to treat hyperthyroidism. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects?

Sore throat joint pain bradycardia rash

A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking somatropin. The nurse should explain the need to monitor which of the following laboratory values?

Urine calcium- somatropin can cause hypercalciuria blood glucose- somatropin can cause hyperglycemia

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking pioglitazone to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should monitor for which of the following findings?

Weight Gain can cause fluid retention, the nurse should monitor for weight gain and other indications of fluid retention or heart failure, including dyspnea, crackles, and wheezing

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking desmopressin. The nurse should make which of the following assessments to evaluate the drug's effectiveness?

urine output Desmopressin, an antidiuretic hormone, treats diabetes insipidus. Client's fluid intake and urine output along with urine and serum osmolality and blood pressure

A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for pramlintide therapy to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Administer pramlintide before meals 20 min before any meal that contains at least 30 g of carbohydrates

A nurse at a provider's office is assessing a client who has been taking hydrocortisone for adrenal insufficiency. The client reports fatigue and feeling overwhelmed by personal responsibilities. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication the provider might need to increase the client's dosage?

Hypotension hypotension and fatigue are findings of adrenal insufficiency

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking propylthiouracil (PTU) and reports weight gain, drowsiness, and depression. The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following adverse reactions to the drug?

Hypothyrodism manifests as drowsiness, depression, weight gain, edema, and bradycardia

A nurse is caring for a client who is taking metformin and is scheduled to undergo angiography using iodine-containing contrast dye. The nurse should identify that an interaction between metformin and the

Acute renal failure Metformin can interact with iodine-containing contrast dye and cause acute renal failure and lactic acidosis. Metformin should be withheld for 48 hrs prior to and following the procedure.

Which of the following drugs should a nurse have available for a client who is experiencing insulin toxicity?

Glucagon used to treat severe hypoglycemia

When considering replacement therapy options for a client who has chronic adrenocortical insufficiency, a nurse should recognize that the provider will chose which of the following drugs?

Hydrocortisone a glucocorticoid, provides replacement therapy for acute and chronic adrenocortical insufficiency, such as Addison's disease.

A nurse is caring for a client who takes repaglinide 15 go 30 min before each meal to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client asks, "If I skip a meal, what should I do?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Skip the dose to avoid a sudden and serious drop in blood glucose level