BCOM 320 Quiz 2 (Chapters 11-14)

presentation support

-definitions -examples -statistics -quotations -narratives

purpose statement

A declaration of the specific goal for a speech. It expresses precisely what the speaker wants to accomplish during the presentation. -specific -selective -declarative

forum

A format in which members of the group and the audience offer comments and questions to one another.

kinesthetic learner

A learner who needs to participate in order to focus his/her attention on the message and learn best.

auditory learner

A learner who prefers loud, clear voices and believes emotion is best conveyed through voice.

thesis statement

A one-sentence version of the message in a speech. -concrete -flexible -truthful

time pattern

A pattern that arranges the main points in a speech in chronological order.

space pattern

A pattern that organizes the main points in a speech according to geographic or physical areas.

topic pattern

A pattern that organizes the main points of a speech to represent different categories.

problem-solution pattern

A pattern that organizes the points in a speech so they describe a problem and then offer one or more solutions for it.

cause-and-effect pattern

A pattern that organizes the points in a speech so they describe the causes of an event or a phenomenon and then identify its consequences.

extemporaneous speech

A prepared speech rehearsed to sound as though it is being delivered spontaneously.

rule of subordination

A principle stating that the broadest, most important claims in a speech come first in the form of main points, and the lesser, more specific claims follow in the form of subpoints.

research search engine

A search engine that doesn't scan the Internet as broadly as a general search engine but instead looks only for research that has been published in books, academic journals, and other periodicals.

signposts

A single word or phrase that distinguishes one point in a presentation from another.

subjective

A source that offers information in a manner that supports only the source's favored position on an issue.

symposium

A speaking format in which each member of a small group makes an individual presentation, one after another, on a common topic.

colloquium

A speaking format in which members of a group discuss a predetermined topic with one another in front of an audience.

speech of commemoration

A speech given to honor a significant point in history

speech of recognition

A speech given to honor someone who is receiving an award.

memorized speech

A speech that is composed word for word and then delivered from memory.

scripted speech

A speech that is composed word for word in a manuscript and then read aloud exactly as written.

impromptu speech

A speech that is delivered on the spot, with little or no preparation. -dont panic -think in threes -be brief

persuasive speech

A speech whose goal is to appeal to listeners to think or act in a certain way.

introductory speech

A speech whose goal is to inform listeners of the person's background and notable characteristics.

Informative speech

A speech whose goal is to teach listeners something they don't already know.

preview transition

A statement alerting listeners that the speaker is about to shift to a new topic.

main point

A statement expressing a specific idea or theme related to the speech topic. -related -distinct -important

summary transition

A statement in a speech that briefly reminds listeners of points you have already made.

transition

A statement that logically connects one point in a speech to the next, giving it a satisfying flow.

brainstorming

A technique that encourages participants to identify as many ideas as possible without stopping to evaluate them.

general search engine

A website that allows you to search for other websites containing information about a topic you specify.

questionnaire

A written instrument containing questions for people to answer.

text slide

An electronic display of text to accompany a speech.

stessor

An event that causes the body to experience stress.

presentation aids

Anything used in conjunction with a speech or presentation to stimulate listeners' senses. -improves attention -improves learning -improves recall

demographic characteristics

Characteristics that include age, sex and sexual orientation, culture, socioeconomic status, physical and mental characteristics, and political orientation.

Survey

Collecting data by asking people directly about their experiences

patchwork theft

Copying words from multiple sources and putting them together to compose a speech.

thesis

Crystalizes the main message of a speech

vizualization

Developing a specific mental image of winning or giving a successful performance.

incremental theft

Failing to give credit for small portions of your speech—such as a phrase or paragraph—that you did not write.

rule of division

Principle stating that whenever there is one subpoint in a speech, there must be at least one more.

global theft

Stealing an entire speech from another source and presenting it as if it were your own.

subpoints

Supporting points in a speech; also called subordinate points.

stress

The body's reaction to any type of perceived threat.

graphic slide

The electronic display of information in a visually compelling format that can enhance listeners' attention.

specific purpose (of speech)

The main goal for the presentation.

copyright infringement

The unauthorized use of materials protected by copyright such as photos or works of art.

plagiarism

The use of information from another source without giving proper credit to that source.

anticipatory anxiety

The worry many people feel when looking ahead to giving a speech.

What must you know in order to be effective in a presentation?

Your own motivation

anxiety

a feeling of worry and unease

toast

a short speech of tribute to the person or people being celebrated

panel

a small group of people brought together to discuss a specific topic.

objective (source)

a source that presents information in an unbiased fashion

ethos

a speaker's credibility -wisdom -virtue -goodwill

oral report

a speaking format in which one person gives a speech or presentation on the group's behalf

speech of dedication

a speech given to honor important places

eulogy

a speech made to honor the memory of people after their death and to comfort those who remain

verbal footnote

a statement giving credit for the words to their original source

Addition

adding unnecessary sounds to words

database

an electronic storehouse of specific information that you can search

Nonverbal transitions

body movement, vocal inflection, pauses, gestures

Old proverb

by failing to prepare, you are preparing to fail

Substitution

replacing one part of a word with an incorrect sound

Transposition

reversing two sounds within a word

persuasion

the process of guiding people to adopt a specific attitude or enact a particular behavior

fluency

the smoothness of a speaker's delivery

Slurring

when a speaker combines two or more words into one

Deletion

when a speaker omits part of a word sound, usually at the beginning or end of the word

Four steps for identifying appropriate presentation topics

-Brainstorming -Identifying topics that are right for you -Identifying topics that are right for your audience -Identify topics that are right for the occasion

Behavior effects of public speaking anxiety

-Voice -Mouth and throat -Facial expression -General movement -Verbal behavior

Speaking context

-purpose -time -size -available time -distractions -Prior knowledge of your topic

public speaking anxiety

Nervousness or fear brought on by performing in front of an audience; also called stage fright.

Audience analysis

Thinking carefully about the characteristics of listeners so the speaker can address the audience in the most effective way.