BIO 103 Final Exam Maness
What are the predicted phenotypes of the male children from the union of a woman who is heterozygous for hemophilia and a man who has normal blood clotting characteristics? (Use the Punnett square to verify your answer.)
1 homozygous normal: 1 carrier
How many males have hemophilia?
1 in every 5,000
The normal human karyotype contains _______ chromosomes.
46
Early biologists classified living things into two kingdoms. Many biologists today recognize ___ kingdoms.
6
Which of the following is a taxon?
All of these
_______ is a form of genetic exchange in bacteria that involves contact between two cells.
Bacterial conjugation
The protein coat of a virus is called the:
Capsid
__________ developed the binomial system of nomenclature.
Carolus Linnaeus
The structure in Figure 24-2 labeled C is:
Cell wall
Which of the following does NOT describe members of the Kingdom Fungi?
Cells lack a nucleus
In all organisms, hereditary information is encoded within ______ molecules.
DNA
Bacteria are found in the kingdom:
Eubacteria
To what Kingdom do I belong? I am neither prokaryotic nor photosynthetic, and I obtain nutrients by secreting digestive enzymes into my environment.
Fungi
the islands where Charles Darwin observed variation among organisms and compared them to those organisms found on the mainland were the:
Galapagos islands
Zea mays is the scientific name of the corn plant. Zea is the _____ name.
Genus
The ______ can be considered a sorting, processing, and packaging center.
Golgi complex
Identify the three basic themes in biology: I. The cellular composition of life II. The evolution of life III. The flow of energy through living systems IV. The mechanisms of disease V. The transmission of information
I. The cellular composition of life II. The evolution of life V. The transmission of information
Who is your favorite biology teacher?
Jennifer Maness
Persons having an XO karyotype are sterile females. They have ______________ syndrome.
Klinefelter
Persons having an XXY karyotype are nearly normal males but produce few or no sperm. They have ________ syndrome.
Klinefelter
Taxonomy is the science of:
Naming and classifying organisms
The evolutionary history of a group of organisms from a common ancestor is termed:
Phylogeny
Which of the following represents the pattern of energy flow within an ecosystem?
Producers-consumers-decomposers
Which of the following represents the sequence of events during mitosis?
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Water molds are members of the kingdom ________.
Protista
Which Kingdom contains the protozoa, water and slime molds, and algae?
Protista
You discover an organism that is eukaryotic, unicellular, and photosynthetic. Based on this evidence you correctly assign this organism to the Kingdom:
Protista
Which of the following is NOT involved in movement?
Retina
The scientific study of the diversity of organisms and the evolutionary relationships between them is referred to as:
Systematics
One benefit of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that:
The interaction of the genes from both parents brings about genetic variation
Which of the following is NOT true of hormones?
They are a type of gene
Which of the following is NOT true of proteins?
They are the molecular carriers of coded hereditary information.
What is the function of the structure labeled A in Figure 24-2?
To protect the cell
What is the correct format for the scientific name of an extinct carnivorous dinosaur?
Tyrannosaurus rex
Which one of the following is a characteristic of asexual, as opposed to sexual, reproduction?
a cell splitting in half
A prophage:
a phage DNA that is integrated into bacterial DNA
All of the members of the same species occupying the same area at the sate time constitute:
a population
Evolutionary modifications that improve the survival and reproductive success of an organism are called:
adaptations
When tissues organize they form:
an organ
Sea snakes, which are reptiles, are similar in body form to eels, which are fish. Sea snakes and eels, therefore, share a(n) ______ body form.
analogous
Humans, as well as other mammals ranging from mice to elephants, have hair. Hair, then, would be considered to be:
ancestral characteristic
The cell theory states that all living organisms:
are made of cells
Which of the following is NOT an adaptation of Burchell's zebras to their environment?
asexual reproduction
Which of the following is the most basic level of chemical organization?
atom
Rod-shaped bacteria are called:
bacillus
The structure of the virus in Figure 24-1 that is common to all viruses is:
bacteriophage
The most common mode of reproduction in bacteria is:
binary fission
The science of life is:
biology
Biological growth involves an increase in:
both number and size of cells
An element is defined by a substance that:
cannot be broken into simpler substances by chemical reactions
Which of the following is most directly associated with the theory of evolution?
changing of population overtime
Down syndrome is an example of a _______ condition.
chromosomal
In Paramecium, the surface of the cell is covered with thousands of short, hair like ______.
cilia
In freshwater ciliates, special organelles called ______ control water regulation.
contractile vacuoles
The structures indicated by the arrows in Figure 4-3 are:
cristae
A(n) ______ character is a trait that has evolved relatively recently.
derived
In an experiment, the control group:
does not contain the variable being tested
Most prokaryotes belong to the:
domains of Bacteria and Archaea
What am I? My mitochondria have disc-shaped cristae, and I am often used as indicators of organic pollution such as sewage in a lake or stream.
euglenophyte
Most protists are:
eukaryotic/unicellular/aquatic
Which of the following are inborn errors of metabolism?
fructose intolerance, galactosemia, MSUD
The units of hereditary information are:
genes
Information in living organisms can be transmitted by:
genes, hormones, neurotransmitters
In ciliates macronuclei control _______.
growth and metabolism
Refer to Figure 24-1. The function of the structure labeled 3 is:
helps attach and bond to the host
If a particular protein were being produced in excess of the cell's needs, then _____ mechanisms intervene to stop production.
homeostatic
The main process that occurs at the site of the structures marked by arrows in Figure 4-3 is:
increase of the surface area that allows more capacity for ATP
Tay-Sachs disease is a(n) _________ disease that results in blindness, mental retardation, and death due to _______.
inherited; absence of an enzyme
A prokaryotic cell differs from a eukaryotic cell in that a prokaryotic cell:
is exemplified by bacteria
An atom becomes a cation if:
it loses one or more elctrons
Homeostasis in living organisms involves processes that:
maintain a constant internal environment
A karyotype reveals that an individual is XYY. Based on your knowledge of human genetics you correctly conclude that this individual is phenotypically ______ and ______.
male; fertile
In living organisms, chemical reactions responsible for growth, repair, and nutrition are collectively referred to as:
metabolism
The organelle featured in Figure 4-3:
mitochondria
Turner syndrome is an example of a ______ condition.
monosomic
How many females are carriers of the hemophilia gene?
most
The ultimate source of energy for almost all living organisms is:
mutations in DNA
Isotopes differ from each other with respect to the number of:
neutrons
Movement, as defined for living organisms, includes all of the following EXCEPT:
none of these; all are types of movement in living organisms
The formation of female gametes is termed:
oogenesis
Viral proteins can damage host cells by:
overwhelming the host cell with a large number of viruses
Symbiotic association in which one partner lives on or in another is called:
parasitism
Viruses that attack bacteria are called:
phages
Small hairlike structures on the surface of bacteria are called:
pili
The first eukaryotic cells to evolve from ancestral prokaryotes were:
plants
An amphipathic molecule has:
polar and non-polar parts
Evolution is genetic change in ____ that occurs over time.
population
Which of the following terms includes the fewest species of organisms?
population
If an organism is eukaryotic, then by definition it will:
posses a nucleus
Energy stored within the molecules of ATP is in the form of ______ energy.
potential
Reductionism refers to the method of investigating structures by:
studying the parts of structures
Carbohydrate molecules:
sugar, starch, or cellulose that is a food source of energy for an animal or plant; a saccharide
Which of the following is NOT a term related to information transfer in living systems?
taxon
A good hypothesis:
testable and falsifiable
A hypothesis is:
testable prediction that gives direction to research
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living organisms?
the ability to obtain energy from sunlight
You have identified a new mammal species. You are surprised to find that it has a pelvis, but there is no evidence the species has legs. However, as a scientist you will most likely conclude:
the pelvis is a vestigial structure
Which of the following stimuli most directly causes the Venus flytrap to catch an insect?
touch
Kilojoules are:
units of work
The symbiotic dinoflagellates, which live in the bodies of marine invertebrates such as mollusks, jellyfish, and corals are called _____________
zooxanthellae