Bio 1116 Exam 1
Which cells lack living protoplasts at maturity?
Sclerenchyma
What will happen if a cell with a solute potential of -0.4 MPa and a pressure potential of 0.2 MPa is placed in a chamber filled with pure water that is pressurized with 0.5 MPa?
Water will flow into the cell
First phase of fungal invasion
Windblown spore lands on leaves
The first step in the signaling pathway is...
Wounded leaves produce an 18-amino acid called systemin
Plant organs form by
cell division in meristematic tissue
Plant cell walls are made up of
cellulose
What moves carbohydrates?
phloem
Unlike eudicot stems, monocot stems lack
pith
Meristem cells have secondary cell walls for...
protection
In vascular plants, one difference between root and shoot systems is that
root systems undergo secondary growth, but do not form bark
All plants have
dermal tissues
Casparian strips are found in the
Endodermis
The fourth step in the signaling pathway is....
Jasmonic acid turns on genes for proteinase inhibitor
Indeterminate growth is possible because
Meristematic cells continually replace themselves
Mineral soil particles are typically
Negatively charged
The inner most layer of the ground cortex is called
endodermis
Palisade and spongy parenchyma are typically found in the mesophyll of
eudicots
Photorespiration occurs when
Rubisco binds with oxygen
How does ricin work?
It prevent cells from making the proteins that they need
What proportion of the soil volume is occupied by air and water?
50%
What plants secrete chemicals to block seed germination or inhibit growth of nearby plants
Allelopathic plants
Water movement through cell walls is
Apoplastic
Which is more detrimental to plants: biotic or abiotic factors
Biotic factors
In a C4 plant, the Calvin Cycle occurs in
Bundle sheath cells
Guttation is most likely to be observed on a
Cool summer night
What is the third-largest source of food carbohydrates in the tropics?
Cassava
The formation of an air bubble in the xylem is called
Cavitation
The third step in the signaling pathway is...
Cell receptors produce jasmonic acid
Hydrogen bonding between water molecules results in
Cohesion
Fourth phase of fungal invasion
Hyphae differentiate into haustoria
Third phase of fungal invasion
Hyphae grow through cell walls and press against cell membrane
What animals protect plants?
Paraitoid wasps and caterpillars
What is the correct sequence of cell types encountered in an oak tree, moving from the center of the tree out?
Pith, primary xylem, secondary xylem, vascular cambium, secondary phloem, primary phloem, cork cambium, cork
One potential problem with using poplars to remove TCE from soils is that
Some TCE enters the atmosphere via the transpiration stream
Second phase of fungal invasion
Spore germinates and forms adhesion pad
The second step in the signaling pathway is...
Systemin moves throughout the plant in the phloem
Stomata open when guard cells
Take up potassium
What would be the consequence of removing the Casparian strip?
There would be less selectivity as to what passed into the xylem
A plant must expend energy to drive
Translocation
A wound response occurs when....
a leaf is chewed or injured
The hypersensitive response leads to....
a very rapid cell death around the site of attack
The function of guard cells is to
allow carbon dioxide uptake
A hormone that causes the plant to bend towards the light is called
auxin
Root hairs and lateral roots are similar in each respect except
both are multicellular
Root hairs form in the zone of
maturation
Mutually beneficial association between roots and soil fungi are called
mycorrhizae
Roots differ from stems because roots lack
nodes
You can determine the age of an oak tree by counting the annual rings of _______ formed by the ________
secondary xylem; vascular cambium
What are the two systems in a vascular plant?
shoot system and root system
The food-conducting cells in an oak tree are called
sieve-tube members
The water potential of a plant cell is the
sum of the pressure potential and solute potential
What moves water and dissolved materials?
xylem
