Bio 115 Quizzes
If you wanted to demonstrate a first-class lever system to your peers, which childhood toy would you use as a basis for your demonstration and which body motion would you use as an example?
A see-saw, a chin raise
Which of the following describes how messages travel from the brain to muscles?
A signal begins in the brain and travels down the spinal cord to peripheral nerves until it reaches a muscle.
Which of the following statements would you use to explain what happens when a muscle contracts to a friend who does not understand this concept?
When a muscle contracts, the belly or middle part of the muscle shortens and moves one bone toward the other.
In elbow extension, the _____ is the agonist and the _____ is the antagonist.
Triceps brachii, biceps brachii
Which of the following describes the relationship between acetylcholine and sodium ions?
When acetylcholine binds to its receptors, they open, allowing an influx of sodium ions into the muscle fiber.
Which of the following describes the relationship between myosin and actin?
When the myosin heads bind to actin, the cross bridges are established.
Which of the following creates a muscle contraction?
When the thick and thin filaments of a sarcomere slide across each other
Which of the following accurately describes how muscles function as agonists versus antagonists?
A muscle that contracts to generate the main force of an action is called an agonist, whereas a muscle that performs the paired and opposing action is called an antagonist.
The striated appearance of skeletal muscles is created by the arrangement of _____ inside the cells that form muscle tissue.
Actin and myosin
Which of the following is a similarity between skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle?
Both skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle are striated.
The pectoralis major is innervated by the _____ and supplied with blood by the _____.
Brachial plexus, thoracoacromial artery
All of the following are steps in the cross-bridge formation process except
Calcium ions released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum power the movement of the myosin head.
Which of the following accurately compares the impact the anterior and lateral lower leg have on the ankle? Muscles of the anterior lower leg _____ the ankle, and muscles in the lateral lower leg _____ the ankle.
Dorsiflex, stabilize
Which of the following are paired and opposing muscle actions?
Elevation, depression
A layer of connective tissue called the _____ protects each skeletal muscle.
Epimysium
If you and your friends were discussing the muscles that flex and extend different body parts, and they asked you which muscle allows you to point at something of interest, which muscle would you indicate?
Extensor indicis
What are the bundles of muscle fibers that compose muscle tissue called?
Fascicles
If one of your friends asked you to explain how body movement occurs, which of the following steps would not be included in your explanation?
Impulses from the nervous system move away from the neuromuscular junction.
Which of the following correctly explains one of the lever systems?
In a third-class lever system, the fulcrum is on one end, the load is on the opposite end, and the effort is in the middle.
Which of the following describes the motion myosin heads must complete for muscles to contract?
Myosin heads must pull the actin at the binding sites, detach, re-cock, attach to more binding sites, pull, detach, re-cock, etc.
Sarcomeres contain thick filaments, which consist of _____, and thin filaments, which consist of _____.
Myosin, actin
Which body system initiates the process of muscle contraction?
Nervous system
The superior and inferior _____ muscles roll the eye down and up.
Oblique
Which of the following accurately describes the four plantar layers?
Plantar layer 1 muscles flex and abduct the toes, plantar layer 2 muscles flex the toes, plantar layer 3 muscles flex and adduct the toes, and plantar layer 4 muscles abduct and adduct the toes.
Which of the following muscles is involved in maintaining upright posture?
Psoas major
In elbow flexion, the biceps brachii pulls the _____ upward toward the humerus.
Radius
Which of the following is not a prime mover of knee flexion and thigh extension?
Rectus femoris
Surrounding the myofibrils are membranous sacs called the
Sarcoplasmic reticulum.
The motion of standing on tiptoe uses a _____ lever system.
Second-class
Which of the following distinguishes skeletal muscle from smooth muscle?
Skeletal muscle responds to voluntary commands, whereas smooth muscle contracts involuntarily.
If you were explaining the action potential phase of muscle contraction to a peer who doesn't understand this phase, which of the following details would you include in your explanation?
Sodium ions stimulate the sarcolemma and generate an action potential that travels through the transverse tubules.
Which of the following muscles is involved in neck flexion?
Sternocleidomastoid
If you were explaining the functions of the abdominal muscles to a friend while studying for an exam, which of the following would not be included in your explanation?
They extend the vertebral column.
The thoracoacromial artery divides into all of the following branches except
The axillary.
Which of the following statements accurately compares the diaphragm and the internal intercostals?
The diaphragm is the prime mover of inspiration, whereas the internal intercostals assist in forced expiration.
Which of the following accurately describes the location of the muscle's insertion point and the origin point?
The muscle's insertion point is on the moveable bone, whereas the origin point is on the fixed bone.
All of the following muscles elevate the mandible during mastication except
The pterygoid muscles.
The musculocutaneous nerve supplies all of the following except
The serratus anterior muscle.
All of the following are muscles of the rotator cuff except
The teres major.
All of the following are common properties among skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle except
They all look the same because actin and myosin always have the same microscopic organization.