BIO 142: Test

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Which of the following is not a function of the small intestine?

All are correct (Chemical dig, mechanical dig, absorption)

Functions of the liver include

All of these choices are correct.

During the intestinal phase:

An increase in chyme in the duodenum inhibits gastric juice secretion and movement of chyme into the duodenum.

Peristalsis

Are waves of contractions that move substances.

The 22 pairs of non-sex determining chromosomes are:

Autosomes

Pancreatic juice contains water, enzymes and:

Bicarbonate

Which of the following statements concerning carbohydrates is not true?

Carbohydrates have to be absorbed along with dietary fat

Identify the structure indicated by 96 in the image.

Cervix

The enteric nervous system

Coordinates peristalsis and regulates local reflexes

Two large columns of erectile tissue of the penis are

Corpus cavernosum

Which is not a function of the digestive system?

Digestion, Ingestion, Elimination, Secretion, These are all functions of the digestive system

The layer lines the uterus is the

Endometrium

Where are spermatozoa stored until they are fully mature?

Epididymis

Which two anterior pituitary hormones stimulate spermatogenesis and androgen production?

FSH and LH

Only females produce FSH and LH.

False

Sperm and semen is the same thing.

False

Sperm are capable of motility within the seminiferous tubules.

False

Sympathetic innervation is responsible for erection; parasympathetic innervation is responsible for ejaculation.

False (opposite)

Which hormone stimulates primordial follicles to mature?

Follicle stimulating hormone

What is the correct order for the phases of the ovarian cycle, beginning with day 1?

Follicular, ovulation, luteal

The liver has how many lobes?

Four

The hepatic portal vein transports blood directly from the [blank] to the [blank].

G.I. tract, liver

Which of the following would stimulate gastric secretions?

Gastrin

Teniae coli are thin bundles of smooth muscle that bunch up the large intestine into sacs called:

Haustra

Which valve separates the small from the large intestine?

Ileocecal

Semen

Includes secretions from the seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands. Is HCO3- rich to neutralize the acidic vagina Contains nutrients to nourish sperm

Which hormone inhibits FSH secretion in males?

Inhibin

Which of the following is not an upper G.I. tract organ?

Jejunum

Ovulation is induced with a peak in [blank] secretion.

LH

Secretions that are added as food moves through the GI tract assist in

Liquefying and digesting the food

Where are hepatocytes located?

Liver

Sperm will only develop properly at:

Lower than body temperature

What is the correct order for the phases of the uterine cycle, beginning with day 1?

Menstrual - proliferative - secretory

A double-layer of peritoneum that supports G.I. organs is called

Mesentary

Which layer of the digestive tract is in direct contact with the food consumed?

Mucosa

The thick, muscular, middle tunic of the uterine wall is the:

Myometrium

A polar body is

None of the above

The cephalic phase of digestion occurs:

None of the above

Identify the structure indicated by 98 in the image.

Ovary

What accessory digestive organ(s) add secretions to the duodenum?

Pancreas

Which of the following structures has both endocrine and exocrine tissue?

Pancreas

Which organ is an accessory organ?

Pancreas

Which organ produces enzymes that digest all four macromolecules?

Pancreas

Of the five types of secretory cells in the gastric glands, which type secretes HCl?

Parietal

The clitoris is homologous to the

Penis

The diamond-shaped area between the thighs is the:

Perineum

Which method of motility just propels ingested material along the G.I tract (as occurs in the esophagus)?

Peristalsis

Which of the following is a true statement regarding polar bodies?

Polar bodies are a mechanism used during oogenesis to remove unwanted DNA from the oocyte.

What is the only necessary life function of the stomach

Production of intrinsic factor

Which hormone stimulates uterine lining growth during the secretory phase?

Progesterone

The anterior pituitary hormone that is crucial for milk production is:

Prolactin

Identify the structure indicated by 100 in the image.

Prostate

Pepsin digests

Proteins

Which phase (or period of a phase) of male sexual response is not present in the female?

Refractory

In the presence of acidic chyme in the duodenum, the duodenum will secrete ______ which will stimulate the _________ to produce secretions high in __________.

Secretin; pancreas and liver; bicarbonate

The back-and-forward motion of the small intestine that mixes chyme with secretions is called:

Segmentation

Which gland secretes a fluid containing fructose and an alkaline (basic) fluid?

Seminal vesicles

The lining of the gastrointestinal tract that allows for absorption and secretion is:

Simple columnar epithelium

The stomach functions to

Slow the movement of food through the GI tract.

Food is prevented from entering the nasal cavity during swallowing by the

Soft palate

Blood vessels, nerves, and smooth muscle attach to the testis through the:

Spermatic cord

Which is not true about spermatogenesis?

Spermatogenesis begins at birth and continues throughout a man's life

Which of the following organs is part of the digestive tract or alimentary canal?

Stomach

Why doesn't the acid in the stomach damage the walls of the stomach?

The stomach wall is protected by large amounts of mucus.

Identify the structure indicated by 94 in the image.

Uterus

Identify the structure indicated by 95 in the image.

Vagina

The most primitive type of ovarian follicle is:

a primordial follicle

The single diploid cell formed at fertilization is called

a zygote

The function of intrinsic factor is to

absorption of vitamin B12 for erythrocyte production

Proteins are made out of:

amino acids

Identify the structure indicated by 97 in the image.

ampulla of the uterine tube

The normal site of fertilization is the:

ampulla of the uterine tube

The four segments of the colon are (in order):

ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid

The order through which sperm travels through the female reproductive tract is: a: body of the uterus b: vagina c: cervix d: uterine tube

b, c, a, d

An erection of the penis is caused by:

blood filling the erectile bodies and compressing the veins

Given the following structures of the male reproductive tract, what is the order in which sperm passes through these structures from the testes to the penis? a: epididymis b: urethra c: efferent ductile d: ejaculatory duct e: ductus deferens

c, a, e, d, b

Inability of the pyloric sphincter to open would prevent

chyme from entering the small intestine.

What structure forms from the remnants of the follicle following ovulation?

corpus luteum

Identify the structure indicated by 99 in the image.

ductus deferens

The segments of the small intestine are (in order):

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

The acrosome cap contains:

enzymes to allow penetration into the oocyte

Which hypothalamic hormone initiates puberty?

gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

The primary reproductive organs are called [blank] and sex cells are called [blank].

gonads, gametes

Which of the following is not part or a portal triad

hepatopancreatic sinusoids

The villi, microvilli and circular folds (plicae circularis) function to

increase surface area for absorption.

Which cells produce most of the testosterone released in males?

interstitial cells

What is a major function of stomach acid (hydrochloric acid)?

kill most microorganisms

The female external genitalia that are homologous to the male scrotum is the:

labia majora

The gallbladder empties into the:

none of the above (Duodenum)

Insulin is released from the

none of the above (Pancreas)

The corpus luteum secretes:

progesterone and estrogen

Which of the male accessory glands encircles the urethra and produces a milky fluid rich in citric acid, antibiotics to combat urinary tract infections, and PSA?

prostate gland

The function of the dartos and cremaster muscles is to:

regulate the temperature of the testes

Reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus occurs because of

relaxation of the cardiac sphincter.

After forming in the seminiferous tubules, immature sperm are transported to the [blank], a mesh of channels in the testis.

rete testis

Sperm are produced in the:

seminiferous tubules

Which cells nourish developing sperm cells, produce inhibin, and form the blood-testis barrier?

sustenacular cells

The secretory phase of the uterine cycle coincides with:

the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle

About how many ovarian follicles are present at birth?

1.5 million

A human diploid cell contains:

23 pairs of chromosomes


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