BIO 212 Chapter 19

In which of the following locations do metabolites exchange by diffusion with tissue cells?

Capillaries

What are the only blood vessels with walls that are thin enough to permit blood-tissue exchange?

Capillaries

Which vein drains blood from the lower portion of the large intestine

Celiac trunk?

The internal carotids and the basilar artery are interconnected by an anastomosis called the

Cerebral arterial circle

What is the result of stimulating the aortic baroreceptors?

Increased activity by the parasympathetic nervous system

Which artery supplies blood to the lower part of the large intestine including the rectum?

Inferior mesenteric

What is the thick layer of elastic fibers in large arteries?

Internal elastic membrane

Blood from the brain returns to the heart through the ________ vein.

Internal jugular

Edema is NOT favored when

Interstitial fluid movement increases

Which of the following is true about the inferior vena cava?

It is a large vein

At the posterior knee, the femoral artery becomes the

Popliteal

Where do the brochial arteries branch from to supply the lung airways

Thoracic aorta

Which layer of a blood vessel contains concentric sheets of smooth muscle tissue?

Tunica media

Which layer of the arteriole wall that can contain smooth muscle and produce vasoconstriction?

Tunica media

Materials can move across capillary walls by

diffusion. filtration. reabsorption

The superior vena cava collects blood from the

heah, chest, and upper limbs

Blood returning from the systemic circuit enters the

right atrium.

Blood is pumped into the pulmonary circuit from the

right ventricle.

Edema is favored when

the plasma concentration of protein is reduced, endothelial permeability goes up, and capillary hydrostatic pressure is elevated

Which of the following layers of a vessel contains collagen fibers with scattered bands of elastic fibers?

tunica externa

Which blood vessel carries blood directly to the arm and shoulder?

Subclavian artery

The fetal cardinal veins later form the adult

Superior and inferior vena cavae

Which artery supplies blood to the pancreas, duodenum, and most of the large intestines?

Superior mesenteric

Which three veins merge to form the hepatic portal vein?

Superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, and splenic veins

After passing the first rib, the subclavian artery becomes the ________ artery.

Axillary

The continual movement of fluid through the interstitial spaces produced by capillary filtration serves which of the following functions?

1. assists the transport of insoluble substances that cannot enter the capillaries 2. accelerates the distribution of nutrients and hormones 3. helps carry toxins and bacteria to cells of the immune system 4. flushes hormones and wastes from the interstitial spaces

What happens when renin is released from the kidney?

Angiotensin I formation is triggered

In which of the following locations is blood pressure highest?

Arteries

Which large artery do the two vertebral arteries fuse to form?

Basilar

Which of the following increases when blood carbon dioxide levels decrease?

Blood pH

After entering the arm, the axillary artery becomes the ________ artery.

Brachial

The radial and ulnar veins fuse to form the ___________

Brachial

Which vessel does blood from the capillaries on the superior surface of the foot drain into

Dorsal venous arch

Which of the following arteries is most inferior?

Dorsalis pedis

Veins of the brain empty into

Dural sinuses

Which hormones are responsible for short-term regulation of decreasing blood pressure and blood volume?

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Which large vein in the lateral region of the neck bulges when a person is angry?

External jugular

Which of the following are capillaries with a perforated lining?

Fenestrated capillaries

Which blood vessel supplies venous blood to the liver?

Hepatic portal vein

In which of the following locations are sensory neurons that are part of chemoreceptor reflexors NOT found?

Lungs

Which of the following does blood from the dorsal venous arches drain into?

Small saphenous and great sapheonous veins

What is angiogenesis?

The growth of new blood vessels from existing vessels

Which of the following is the process of decrease in vessel diameter due to smooth muscle contraction?

Vasoconstriction

In which of the following locations is blood pressure lowest?

Veins

What are the large vessels that return blood to the heart?

Veins

Where does blood enter after it leaves the capillaries?

Venules

Pulmonary arteries carry blood to the

lungs

Increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood will result in decreased

parasympathetic stimulation of the heart

The thoroughfare channel ends at the

venule