BIO 212 Chapter 19
In which of the following locations do metabolites exchange by diffusion with tissue cells?
Capillaries
What are the only blood vessels with walls that are thin enough to permit blood-tissue exchange?
Capillaries
Which vein drains blood from the lower portion of the large intestine
Celiac trunk?
The internal carotids and the basilar artery are interconnected by an anastomosis called the
Cerebral arterial circle
What is the result of stimulating the aortic baroreceptors?
Increased activity by the parasympathetic nervous system
Which artery supplies blood to the lower part of the large intestine including the rectum?
Inferior mesenteric
What is the thick layer of elastic fibers in large arteries?
Internal elastic membrane
Blood from the brain returns to the heart through the ________ vein.
Internal jugular
Edema is NOT favored when
Interstitial fluid movement increases
Which of the following is true about the inferior vena cava?
It is a large vein
At the posterior knee, the femoral artery becomes the
Popliteal
Where do the brochial arteries branch from to supply the lung airways
Thoracic aorta
Which layer of a blood vessel contains concentric sheets of smooth muscle tissue?
Tunica media
Which layer of the arteriole wall that can contain smooth muscle and produce vasoconstriction?
Tunica media
Materials can move across capillary walls by
diffusion. filtration. reabsorption
The superior vena cava collects blood from the
heah, chest, and upper limbs
Blood returning from the systemic circuit enters the
right atrium.
Blood is pumped into the pulmonary circuit from the
right ventricle.
Edema is favored when
the plasma concentration of protein is reduced, endothelial permeability goes up, and capillary hydrostatic pressure is elevated
Which of the following layers of a vessel contains collagen fibers with scattered bands of elastic fibers?
tunica externa
Which blood vessel carries blood directly to the arm and shoulder?
Subclavian artery
The fetal cardinal veins later form the adult
Superior and inferior vena cavae
Which artery supplies blood to the pancreas, duodenum, and most of the large intestines?
Superior mesenteric
Which three veins merge to form the hepatic portal vein?
Superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, and splenic veins
After passing the first rib, the subclavian artery becomes the ________ artery.
Axillary
The continual movement of fluid through the interstitial spaces produced by capillary filtration serves which of the following functions?
1. assists the transport of insoluble substances that cannot enter the capillaries 2. accelerates the distribution of nutrients and hormones 3. helps carry toxins and bacteria to cells of the immune system 4. flushes hormones and wastes from the interstitial spaces
What happens when renin is released from the kidney?
Angiotensin I formation is triggered
In which of the following locations is blood pressure highest?
Arteries
Which large artery do the two vertebral arteries fuse to form?
Basilar
Which of the following increases when blood carbon dioxide levels decrease?
Blood pH
After entering the arm, the axillary artery becomes the ________ artery.
Brachial
The radial and ulnar veins fuse to form the ___________
Brachial
Which vessel does blood from the capillaries on the superior surface of the foot drain into
Dorsal venous arch
Which of the following arteries is most inferior?
Dorsalis pedis
Veins of the brain empty into
Dural sinuses
Which hormones are responsible for short-term regulation of decreasing blood pressure and blood volume?
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
Which large vein in the lateral region of the neck bulges when a person is angry?
External jugular
Which of the following are capillaries with a perforated lining?
Fenestrated capillaries
Which blood vessel supplies venous blood to the liver?
Hepatic portal vein
In which of the following locations are sensory neurons that are part of chemoreceptor reflexors NOT found?
Lungs
Which of the following does blood from the dorsal venous arches drain into?
Small saphenous and great sapheonous veins
What is angiogenesis?
The growth of new blood vessels from existing vessels
Which of the following is the process of decrease in vessel diameter due to smooth muscle contraction?
Vasoconstriction
In which of the following locations is blood pressure lowest?
Veins
What are the large vessels that return blood to the heart?
Veins
Where does blood enter after it leaves the capillaries?
Venules
Pulmonary arteries carry blood to the
lungs
Increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood will result in decreased
parasympathetic stimulation of the heart
The thoroughfare channel ends at the
venule