Bio 256 Exam 3
The sliding filament model of contraction involves
Actin and myosin sliding past each other but not shortening
Cancer of lymphoblasts developing quickly in a young child would be called
Acute lymphocytic leukemia
Which blood protein(s) regulates osmotic pressure, pulling water into the blood?
Albumin
Pulse is measured in
Arteries
Vascular resistance is NOT affected by
Arteriole lumen size
Oxygen is transported by red blood cells, it is carried by
Attaching to the iron ion in heme
Which provides a long-term control for blood pressure?
Blood volume
Select the correct statement about the movement of materials at the capillary level.
Carbon dioxide moves from its production site into the interstitial fluids and capillaries
In an isotonic contraction, the muscle
Changes in length and moves the "load"
Which ion is NOT directly involved in a muscle action potential?
Cl-
The second heart sound (dub of lub-dub) is caused by the
Closure of the semilunar valves
If cardiac muscle is deprived of its normal blood supply, damage would primarily result from
Lack of oxygen in myofibers
Which of the following is a precursor of a lymphocyte?
Lymphoblast
Each muscle fiber is stimulated by a nerve ending known as a(n)
Motor end plate
A motor neuron and the myofibers it innervates is known as a(n)
Motor unit
Oxygen is stored in myofibers on/in
Myoglobin
Which will decrease blood pressure
Nitric oxide
Which provides a positive chronotropic effect on the heart?
Norepinephrine
Which will increase blood pressure?
Norepinephrine
When neither anti-A nor anti-B agglutinates with a patient's blood, their blood type is
O
Which is NOT a possible result of chronic hypertension?
Obesity
Initiation of a cardiac action potential in contracting cardiac muscle cells begins with
Opening voltage-gated fast sodium channels
On an EKG, the __ wave represents atrial depolarization, while the ___ wave represents ventricular depolarization.
P, QRS
Angina pectoris is
Pain accompanying myocardial ischemia
The pulse pressure is
Systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure
The warm-up period required of athletes in order to bring their muscles to peak performance is called
Treppe
The tricuspid valve is closed
When the right ventricle is in systole
Which of the following periods is when a muscle is temporarily unable to respond to stimuli?
Refractory period
The major function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction is to
Regulate intracellular calcium concentration.
Where is the pacemaker of the heart located?
Right atrium
Which lists the components of the heart's conduction system in the proper order?
Sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, atrioventricular bundle, bundle branches, conduction myofibers
Smooth muscle is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
Smooth muscle cannot contract when it is stretched
The neurotransmitter used at a motor end plate is
Acetylcholine
Which of the following wraps an entire muscle?
Epimysium
When red blood cells wear out, the iron of hemoglobin is saved and recycled. The remainder of the heme is
Excreted as bile pigments (bilirubin)
Select the correct statement about cardiac output.
A slow heart rate increases end diastolic volume, stroke volume, and force of contraction
The normal lymphocyte percentage of white blood cells is
About 25%
Input from the sympathetic nervous system causes the heart rate to
Increase
Cerebral blood flow is regulated by
Intrinsic autoregulatory mechanisms
A lack of intrinsic factor, leading to a deficiency of vitamin B12 and large pale red blood cells called macrocytes, is characteristic of:
Pernicious anemia
Control of blood flow through a capillary bed occurs at its
Precapillary sphincter
Which is the most important factor affecting stroke volume?
Preload
Which of the following is a protective function of blood?
Prevention of blood loss
Which of the following is NOT required for erythropoiesis?
Production of vacuoles
