Bio 256 Exam 3

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The sliding filament model of contraction involves

Actin and myosin sliding past each other but not shortening

Cancer of lymphoblasts developing quickly in a young child would be called

Acute lymphocytic leukemia

Which blood protein(s) regulates osmotic pressure, pulling water into the blood?

Albumin

Pulse is measured in

Arteries

Vascular resistance is NOT affected by

Arteriole lumen size

Oxygen is transported by red blood cells, it is carried by

Attaching to the iron ion in heme

Which provides a long-term control for blood pressure?

Blood volume

Select the correct statement about the movement of materials at the capillary level.

Carbon dioxide moves from its production site into the interstitial fluids and capillaries

In an isotonic contraction, the muscle

Changes in length and moves the "load"

Which ion is NOT directly involved in a muscle action potential?

Cl-

The second heart sound (dub of lub-dub) is caused by the

Closure of the semilunar valves

If cardiac muscle is deprived of its normal blood supply, damage would primarily result from

Lack of oxygen in myofibers

Which of the following is a precursor of a lymphocyte?

Lymphoblast

Each muscle fiber is stimulated by a nerve ending known as a(n)

Motor end plate

A motor neuron and the myofibers it innervates is known as a(n)

Motor unit

Oxygen is stored in myofibers on/in

Myoglobin

Which will decrease blood pressure

Nitric oxide

Which provides a positive chronotropic effect on the heart?

Norepinephrine

Which will increase blood pressure?

Norepinephrine

When neither anti-A nor anti-B agglutinates with a patient's blood, their blood type is

O

Which is NOT a possible result of chronic hypertension?

Obesity

Initiation of a cardiac action potential in contracting cardiac muscle cells begins with

Opening voltage-gated fast sodium channels

On an EKG, the __ wave represents atrial depolarization, while the ___ wave represents ventricular depolarization.

P, QRS

Angina pectoris is

Pain accompanying myocardial ischemia

The pulse pressure is

Systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure

The warm-up period required of athletes in order to bring their muscles to peak performance is called

Treppe

The tricuspid valve is closed

When the right ventricle is in systole

Which of the following periods is when a muscle is temporarily unable to respond to stimuli?

Refractory period

The major function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction is to

Regulate intracellular calcium concentration.

Where is the pacemaker of the heart located?

Right atrium

Which lists the components of the heart's conduction system in the proper order?

Sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, atrioventricular bundle, bundle branches, conduction myofibers

Smooth muscle is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

Smooth muscle cannot contract when it is stretched

The neurotransmitter used at a motor end plate is

Acetylcholine

Which of the following wraps an entire muscle?

Epimysium

When red blood cells wear out, the iron of hemoglobin is saved and recycled. The remainder of the heme is

Excreted as bile pigments (bilirubin)

Select the correct statement about cardiac output.

A slow heart rate increases end diastolic volume, stroke volume, and force of contraction

The normal lymphocyte percentage of white blood cells is

About 25%

Input from the sympathetic nervous system causes the heart rate to

Increase

Cerebral blood flow is regulated by

Intrinsic autoregulatory mechanisms

A lack of intrinsic factor, leading to a deficiency of vitamin B12 and large pale red blood cells called macrocytes, is characteristic of:

Pernicious anemia

Control of blood flow through a capillary bed occurs at its

Precapillary sphincter

Which is the most important factor affecting stroke volume?

Preload

Which of the following is a protective function of blood?

Prevention of blood loss

Which of the following is NOT required for erythropoiesis?

Production of vacuoles


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