Bio Ch. 8

A tumor suppressor gene undergoes a mutation that causes it to lose its normal function. What would be the most likely result of this mutation?

The cell no longer responds to signals that cause it to stop dividing or undergo apoptosis

Apoptosis can occur when

a damaged cell is programmed to fragment and then is phagocytized

Ben was looking at onion root tip cells under the microscope in Biology class. He saw one cell that had two nuclei within it. What stage of the cell cycle was this cell in?

telophase

All of the following statements are true about mitosis except

the cells arising from the process contain only half of the necessary genetic material.

Cancer occurs when

the regulation of the cell cycle is lost and uncontrolled cell division occurs

The term metastasis refers to the fact that cancer cells tend to

travel.

A protein that promotes apoptosis would be considered a(n)

tumor suppressor

The G2 checkpoint prevents the cell cycle from continuing until

DNA is completely replicated AND damage to DNA can be repaired.

A cell is inhibited during the S phase of its cycle. It will not reproduce due to lack of

DNA synthesis

Cells grown in a petri dish tend to divide until they form a thin layer covering the bottom of the dish. If cells are removed from the middle of the dish, the cells bordering the open space will begin dividing until they have filled the empty space. What does this experiment show?

+Cells continue to grow as long as there is adequate space +When cells come into contact with other cells, they stop growing +Cell division can be regulated by factors outside of the cell

Differentiated cells, such as nerve cells, would be in which of the following stages of the cell cycle?

G0

___________ are a type of internal signal molecule used in controlling the cell cycle

Kinases

How do the daughter cells at the end of mitosis and cytokinesis compare to their parent cell when it was in G1 of the cell cycle?

The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and the same amount of DNA

Apoptosis

can be used to remove damaged or malfunctioning cells

What is the structure that holds together the two sister chromatids that form a chromosome?

centromere

Multicellular organisms undergo mitotic cell division to

increase the size of the organism

Which is NOT a correct association?

interphase-shortest stage of the cell cycle

During which stage of the cell cycle do the chromosomes duplicate?

interphase: S

Angiogenesis contributes to carcinogenesis because

it causes blood vessels to grow into the tumor

Plant cells and animal cells differ in cytokinesis because

plant cells need to build a cell wall while animal cells do not

Some of the drugs used in chemotherapy work by

preventing spindle formation

Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence?

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase