Bio ch 9

Following DNA replication, what is the name for the identical duplicates when each homologous chromosome is copied, what forms?

An identical structure called a sister chromatid

What is a follicle?

An oocyte and its surrounding tissue

What is a centrosome?

An organizing center that is the origin of spindle fibers

Which of the following are stages of mitosis?

Anaphase, telophase, metaphase,

A chromosome is a

Complex of DNA and protein, carrying the genetic material of a cells nucleus

The process that pinches the plasma membrane in and result in the formation of two daughters cells, following cell division is called

Cytokinesis

New cells are produced only when needed to repair damage tissues

False

During oogenesis Oocytes proceed through three different __: primary, secondary, and Graafian

follicles

What are the functions of mitosis and multicellular eukaryotic organisms such as plants and animals?

growth, development, and repair

What are the testes?

male reproductive organs that produce sperm

Which of the following do all cells have?

ribosomes, DNA, RNA, cell membrane

Which organelle functions as the control center of a eukaryotic cell

nucleus

Oogenesis takes place in the _____.

ovaries

Eukaryotic cells

plants, animals, fungi, protists

Which of the following distinctive structures do all cells have?

plasma membrane

Prokaryotic cells

-Lacks a nucleus, -smaller than eukaryotic cells -organisms composed of prokaryotic cells, include bacteria, and Archaea

Which of the following are functions of the plasma membrane?

-Surrounds the cytoplasm -location of organelles and other contents of cell -boundary between inside of cell and its environment

If the haploid chromosome number of an organism is 18 what is the diploid number?

36 (multiply by 2)

How many chromosomes are there in a human zygote?

46

What is an oocyte?

A germ like cell and human females (egg)

What is a spermatocyte

A germ like cell and human males

central vacuole

A large fluid-filled sack for storing water and metabolites in plants

A micrograph is

A photograph taken through a microscope.

What is the spindle of a cell?

A structure formed from protein fibers that separates chromosomes during cell division

What is a chromosome?

A structure made of long molecules of DNA wrapped around proteins

Which of the following do all cells have?

Cell membrane, ribosomes, RNA, and DNA

Which of the following structures are common to plant cells?

Cell wall, chloroplast, rough ER, nucleus, cell membrane, smooth ER, and mitochondria

The specific animal cell structure that helps to re-organize microtubules is

Centrioles

Plant cells have organelles called ___ that carry out photosynthesis to make sugar

Chloroplast

Well, examining a cell under a microscope, observed a nucleus, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and mitochondria. You are examining a __ cell.

Eukaryotic

Well, examining a cell under microscope, you observe, a nucleus, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and mitochondria. You are examining a blank cell.

Eukaryotic

The longest part of the cell cycle, during which the cell prepares for cell division is

Interphase

Gametes contain how many chromosomes compered to body cells (somatic cells)?

Half the number

Dream like cells are different from body cells (somatic cells) because germ cells divide to produce

Haploid cells called gametes

Germ like cells are different from body cells because German cells divide to produce

Haploid cells called gametes

A centromere

Holds together duplicated chromosomes called sister chromosome

The two membranes of a chromosome pair and diploid cells are called

Homologous chromosomes

What are sister chromatids?

Identical structures formed when each homologous chromosome is copied

During the cell cycle, a cell spins most of its time in which phase?

Interphase

Mitochondria

Location of cellular respiration, which produces ATP

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Network of membranes, that is the site of lipid synthesis and detoxification

Which of the following structures are common to animal cells?

Nucleus, cell membrane, rough ER, smooth ER, centrioles mitochondria Golgi apparatus

During the process of oogenesis, germ-like cells called __ develop into mature egg cells via meiosis

Oocytes

Which of the following are examples of germ like cells?

Oocytes and spermatocytes

During cell vision, the centrosome functions to

Organize the microtubules that help move the chromosomes

The paired organs and females that have germ like cells, which give rise to eggs by meiosis are called

Ovaries

Arrange the stage of mitosis, beginning with the first phase that follows interphase at the top

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

The centum is a structure that holds together

Sister chromatids

What are homologous chromosomes?

So the chromosomes in which one comes from each parent that carry the same type of genes

Protein fibers called microtubules make up a structure that coordinates and separates chromosomes during cell division l. This structure is the

Spindle

What is the name of the organs that house the male gametes?

Testes

Chloroplast

The location of photosynthesis in plants and some protists

A cell is

The smallest structural and functional unit of all living things

Which of the following describes the process of mitosis

The type of cell division that separates chromosomes and produces two daughter cells with identical nuclei.

Which is true of homologous chromosomes?

They contain the same genes but may have different alleles. They have similar structures.

What is a zygote?

cell that results from fertilization

Which organelles and cell parts are found in plant cells, but not animal cells

cell wall and chloroplasts

Which organelle or cell part is found in animal cells, but not plant cells

centrioles

The part of the cell cycle, during which the genetic material is copied and divided into two nuclei is called

mitosis

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

network of membranes, studded with ribosomes; plays a role in protein synthesis

Which cells are examples of haploid cells

sex cells

Haploid cells contain

single set of chromosomes

Which of the following are examples of gametes?

sperm and eggs

Select the term for immature sperm within the testes

spermatocytes

Diploid cells contain

two complete sets of chromosomes