Bio ch 9
Following DNA replication, what is the name for the identical duplicates when each homologous chromosome is copied, what forms?
An identical structure called a sister chromatid
What is a follicle?
An oocyte and its surrounding tissue
What is a centrosome?
An organizing center that is the origin of spindle fibers
Which of the following are stages of mitosis?
Anaphase, telophase, metaphase,
A chromosome is a
Complex of DNA and protein, carrying the genetic material of a cells nucleus
The process that pinches the plasma membrane in and result in the formation of two daughters cells, following cell division is called
Cytokinesis
New cells are produced only when needed to repair damage tissues
False
During oogenesis Oocytes proceed through three different __: primary, secondary, and Graafian
follicles
What are the functions of mitosis and multicellular eukaryotic organisms such as plants and animals?
growth, development, and repair
What are the testes?
male reproductive organs that produce sperm
Which of the following do all cells have?
ribosomes, DNA, RNA, cell membrane
Which organelle functions as the control center of a eukaryotic cell
nucleus
Oogenesis takes place in the _____.
ovaries
Eukaryotic cells
plants, animals, fungi, protists
Which of the following distinctive structures do all cells have?
plasma membrane
Prokaryotic cells
-Lacks a nucleus, -smaller than eukaryotic cells -organisms composed of prokaryotic cells, include bacteria, and Archaea
Which of the following are functions of the plasma membrane?
-Surrounds the cytoplasm -location of organelles and other contents of cell -boundary between inside of cell and its environment
If the haploid chromosome number of an organism is 18 what is the diploid number?
36 (multiply by 2)
How many chromosomes are there in a human zygote?
46
What is an oocyte?
A germ like cell and human females (egg)
What is a spermatocyte
A germ like cell and human males
central vacuole
A large fluid-filled sack for storing water and metabolites in plants
A micrograph is
A photograph taken through a microscope.
What is the spindle of a cell?
A structure formed from protein fibers that separates chromosomes during cell division
What is a chromosome?
A structure made of long molecules of DNA wrapped around proteins
Which of the following do all cells have?
Cell membrane, ribosomes, RNA, and DNA
Which of the following structures are common to plant cells?
Cell wall, chloroplast, rough ER, nucleus, cell membrane, smooth ER, and mitochondria
The specific animal cell structure that helps to re-organize microtubules is
Centrioles
Plant cells have organelles called ___ that carry out photosynthesis to make sugar
Chloroplast
Well, examining a cell under a microscope, observed a nucleus, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and mitochondria. You are examining a __ cell.
Eukaryotic
Well, examining a cell under microscope, you observe, a nucleus, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and mitochondria. You are examining a blank cell.
Eukaryotic
The longest part of the cell cycle, during which the cell prepares for cell division is
Interphase
Gametes contain how many chromosomes compered to body cells (somatic cells)?
Half the number
Dream like cells are different from body cells (somatic cells) because germ cells divide to produce
Haploid cells called gametes
Germ like cells are different from body cells because German cells divide to produce
Haploid cells called gametes
A centromere
Holds together duplicated chromosomes called sister chromosome
The two membranes of a chromosome pair and diploid cells are called
Homologous chromosomes
What are sister chromatids?
Identical structures formed when each homologous chromosome is copied
During the cell cycle, a cell spins most of its time in which phase?
Interphase
Mitochondria
Location of cellular respiration, which produces ATP
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Network of membranes, that is the site of lipid synthesis and detoxification
Which of the following structures are common to animal cells?
Nucleus, cell membrane, rough ER, smooth ER, centrioles mitochondria Golgi apparatus
During the process of oogenesis, germ-like cells called __ develop into mature egg cells via meiosis
Oocytes
Which of the following are examples of germ like cells?
Oocytes and spermatocytes
During cell vision, the centrosome functions to
Organize the microtubules that help move the chromosomes
The paired organs and females that have germ like cells, which give rise to eggs by meiosis are called
Ovaries
Arrange the stage of mitosis, beginning with the first phase that follows interphase at the top
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
The centum is a structure that holds together
Sister chromatids
What are homologous chromosomes?
So the chromosomes in which one comes from each parent that carry the same type of genes
Protein fibers called microtubules make up a structure that coordinates and separates chromosomes during cell division l. This structure is the
Spindle
What is the name of the organs that house the male gametes?
Testes
Chloroplast
The location of photosynthesis in plants and some protists
A cell is
The smallest structural and functional unit of all living things
Which of the following describes the process of mitosis
The type of cell division that separates chromosomes and produces two daughter cells with identical nuclei.
Which is true of homologous chromosomes?
They contain the same genes but may have different alleles. They have similar structures.
What is a zygote?
cell that results from fertilization
Which organelles and cell parts are found in plant cells, but not animal cells
cell wall and chloroplasts
Which organelle or cell part is found in animal cells, but not plant cells
centrioles
The part of the cell cycle, during which the genetic material is copied and divided into two nuclei is called
mitosis
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
network of membranes, studded with ribosomes; plays a role in protein synthesis
Which cells are examples of haploid cells
sex cells
Haploid cells contain
single set of chromosomes
Which of the following are examples of gametes?
sperm and eggs
Select the term for immature sperm within the testes
spermatocytes
Diploid cells contain
two complete sets of chromosomes
