BIO Exam 1

What can be said about a tomato skin cell that is placed in deionized water for an extended period of time? a. The cell is placed in a hypertonic environment and is likely to crenate b. The cell is placed in a isotonic environment and will remain unaffected c. The cell is placed in a hypotonic environment is likely to lyse d. We cannot answer this question without additional info

The cell is placed in a hypotonic environment is likely to lyse

If you discovered a new protein made of a series of alpha-helical motifs attached back to back. What would this information suggest to you?

The protein is likely to be found embedded in some membrane

The cytoskeleton is composed of which of the following (in order, from small to large size) a. proteins, small bones, and cartilage b. actin filaments, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments c. microtubules, intermediate filaments, and actin filaments d. actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules e. flagella, microtubules, and actin filaments

actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules

In skeletal muscles, calcium pumps hydrolyze ATP in order to transport calcium against its concentration gradient, from the cytosol into the sarcoplasmic reticulum (specialized form of ER). This is an example of a. active transport b. osmosis c. passive diffusion d. facilitated diffusion

active transport

Which of the following is true regarding your mitochondrial DNA? a. It is almost identical to your mother's mitochondrial DNA b. It is virtually identical in all the cells of your body c. It is almost identical to your father's mitochondrial DNA d. In any cell of your body, it is nearly identical to your genomic DNA e. both A and B are correct

both A and B are correct

Which of the following is accurate regarding the disaccharide lactose? a. lactose is a protein, not a disaccharide b. lactose is composed of galactose and glucose c. lactose is composed of galactose and fructose d. lactose is a sugar found in milk and some of its derivatives e. both answers B and D are correct

both answers B and D are correct

Which of the following polysaccharides are you most likely to find in the exoskeleton of a locust (grasshopper)? a. glycogen b. chitin c. starch d. cellulose

chitin

Which of the following structures/molecules would least likely be found in/ on a bacterium? a. DNA b. chloroplast c. cell wall d. ribosomes e. neither A or C are found in prokaryotes

chloroplast

The plasma membrane is best described as a. double layer of proteins that is impermeable to water, but allows free movement of ions b. double membrane of phospholipids arranged in a fluid-mosaic of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates c. stiff double membrane composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates d. double layer made entirely of glycoproteins, glycolipids, and cholesterol e. none of the above

double membrane of phospholipids arranged in a fluid-mosaic of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates

Which of the following is/are a monosaccharide? a. Fructose b. Sucrose c. Lactose d. Cellulose e. Both B and C are monosaccharides

fructose

Match the level of protein structure on the left with appropriate description on the right i. Primary w. 3-d shape of polypeptide chain ii. Secondary x. linear sequence of amino acids iii. Tertiary y. assembly of subunits into functional proteins iv. Quaternary z. hydrogen bonding within peptide backbone

i=x, ii=z, iii=w, iv=y

In eukaryotes, endocytosed solid particles are broken into smaller subunits by a. vacuoles b. lysosomes c. ER d. Golgi apparatus

lysosomes

Which of the following statements is false regarding DNA and RNA? a. DNA is mostly double-stranded while RNA is mostly single-stranded b. RNA is composed entirely of nucleotides c. The two purines found in DNA are adenine and cytosine d. mRNA is only found in eukaryotes

mRNA is only found in eukaryotes

In plant cells, most of the ATP to be used by the cell is produced by which of the following> a. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum b. chloroplasts c. the rough ER d. mitochondria e. none of the above

mitochondria

The outer structure of Gram positive bacteria is made mainly of a. polysaccharides b. cellulose c. peptidoglycan d. chitin e. proteins

peptidoglycan

Which of the following factors contribute significantly to high membrane fluidity? a. long fatty acyl chains on phospholipids b. presence of double bonds in the fatty acyl chains c. low temperature d. presence of leak channels in the membrane

presence of double bonds in the fatty acyl chains

The molecules represented below are best described as a. steroisomers b. polymers c. structural isomers d. dimers e. enantiomers

stereoisomers

What is the macromolecule illustrated below? a. protein b. polysaccharide c. nucleic acid d. phospholipid e. triglyceride

triglyceride

The liver is heavily involved in detoxifying the blood? Based on this statement, which of the following characteristic would you expect to best describe the hepatocytes (liver cells)? a. absence of golgi apparatus b. very large nucleus c. very large smooth ER d. absence of lysosomes e. high concentration of mitochondria

very large smooth ER