Bio Final- Exam 6 Multiple Choice Questions
Uranium-235, with a half-life of 713,000,000 years, decays to Lead-207. If a rock sample is determined to have one-quarter of the uranium-235 content it had when it formed, the age of the rock sample can be estimated to be approximately __________ years old. A. 28.5 billion B. 713. million C. 1.4 billion D. 178 million
1.4 billion
Mesozoic Era
251-65 million years ago
Precambrian
4.6 billion-542 million years ago
Paleozoic Era
542-251 million years ago
Cenozoic Era
65 million years ago to present
In the image above, the aquatic organism moves using flagella. It is parasitic and can colonate and reproduce in the human intestine. What type of organism could this be? https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Giardia_muris_trophozoite_SEM_11643.jpg/300px-Giardia_muris_trophozoite_SEM_11643.jpg A. Phytoplankton B. A protozoan C. Seaweed D. A slime mold
A Protozoan
Which of the following describes allopatric speciation? A. A male horse and a female donkey mate, producing a sterile hinny B. One population breeds in the fall; another population breeds in the spring C. A tetraploid plant species evolves from a diploid ancestor. Both the tetraploid and diploid species are found in the same habitat D. A population of squirrels is separated by the Grand Canyon. The two subpopulations evolve into two distinct species.
A population of squirrels is separated by the Grand Canyon. The two subpopulations evolve into two distinct species.
The type of reproductive barrier that occurs when two species mate but produce sterile hybrids is referred to as ___________. A. Temporal isolation B. A post-zygotic barrier C. Mechanical isolation D. A pre-zygotic barrier
A post-zygotic barrier
The production of sterile male ligers is an example of __________. A. A post-zygtic barrier B. The founder effect C. A pre-zygotic barrier D.. Sympatric speciation
A post-zygtic barrier
The natural differences n the range of wild tigers and lions is an example of __________. A. A post-zygotic barrier B. The impact of mutations C. Sympatric speciation D. A pre-zygotic barrier
A pre-zygotic barrier
A reproductive barrier that prevents individuals from closely related species from interbreeding is an example of __________. A. Geographic isolation B. A prezygotic barrier C. Sympatric speciation D. Allopatric speciation
A prezygotic barrier
Natural selection can be defined as __________. A. The productions od more offsprinf than can survive in a given environment B. A process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than individuals with other traits C. The evolution of population of organisms D. A process in which changes in gene frequencies result from evolution
A process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than individuals with other traits
Which protozoan group consists solely of parasitic forms? A. Flagellates B. Ciliates C. Amoebas D. Apicomplexans
Apicomplexans
The prokaryotic group that ends to inhabit extreme environments belongs to ___________. A. Protista B. Archaea C. Euglena D. Bacteria
Archaea
Which prokaryotic group is most closely related to eukaryotes? A. Archaea B. Protista C. Bacteria D. Bacteria and Archaea are equally closely related
Archaea
The biological species concept cannot be applied to ___________. A. Complex plants that have flowers B. Fungi that live on land C. Bacteria that reproduce only asexually D. Animals that use asexual and sexual reproduction
Bacteria that reproduce only asexually
What type of reproductive isolating mechanism is described by a situation in which female fireflies mate only with males who emit light in a particular pattern? A. Temporal isolation B. Behavioral isolation C. Mechanical isolation D. Habitat isolation
Behavioral isolation
Under the Biological Speces Concept, what criterion is used to assign populations of organisms to the same biological species? A. Being able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring B. A very similar appearance C. Having 99% of their genes in common D. Responding the the environment in the same way
Being able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Prokaryotes reproduce by means of ______________. A. Binary fission B. Budding C. Meiosis D. Mitosis
Binary fission
Genetic drift is the result of _____________. A. Environmental variation B. Natural selection C. A large gene pool D. Chance
Chance
Homology is evidence of ____________. A. Binomial classification B. Artificial selection C. Common ancestry D. Natural selection
Common ancestry
Analogous structures are evidence of ___________. A. Divergent evolution B. Common ancestry C. Convergent evolution D. Stabilizing selection
Convergent Evolution
Examine the evolutionary relationships represented in the following figure. Based upon this diagram, the two most closely related species are ___________. http://images.slideplayer.com/18/6179965/slides/slide_89.jpg A. Leopards and striped skunks B. Coyotes and wolves C. Leopards and European otters D. European otters and coyotes
Coyotes and Wolves
Dinosaurs (aside from the lineage that produced birds) were extinct by the end of the ____________. A. Eocene B. Permian C. Cretaceous D. Silurian
Cretaceous
A photoautotrophic unicellular organism with a shell made of silica is most likely a(n) __________. A. Diatom B. Dinoflagellate C. Foram D. Apicomplexan
Diatom
____________ are responsible for toxic red tides. A. Red algae B. Plasmodial slime molds C. Dinoflagellates D. Diatoms
Dinoflagellates
You discover a unicellular organism that moves by what appear to be pseudopodia. You conclude that this organism is ____________. A. A type of alga B. A type of bacterium C. Either a type of amoeba or a type of slime mold D. Either a type of ciliate or a type of apicomplexan
Either a type of amoeba or a type of slime mold.
Which of the following would likely be the most likely to kill you if you were to can your own food? A. Streptococci B. Biofilms C. Endospores Staphylococci
Endospores
Feathers in birds appear to have first evolved for insulation but later conveyed a new advantage in helping create light aerodynamic surfaces. the switch in function is an example of a(n) ____________. A. Paedomorphosis B. An analogy C. Exaptation D. An adaptation
Exaptation
Which of the following include the two classes of poisons produced by pathogenic bacteria? A. Protozoans and fungi B. Bacilli and cocci C. Exotoxins and endotoxins D. Chemoautotrophs and chemoheterotrophs
Exotoxins and endotoxins
In the Hardy-Weinberg formula, what does p^2 represent? A. Frequency of the dominant allele B. Frequency of the recessive allele C. Frequency of heterozygotes D. Frequency of the homozygotes for one allele
Frequency of the homozygotes for one allele
Which of the following is NOT a requirement of Natural Selection? A. Gene flow B. Overproduction of offspring C. Differential reproductive success D. Genetic Variation
Gene Flow
The total collection of allele in a population at any one time makes up that population's _____________. A. Genotype B. Heterozygote frequency C. Gene pool D. Allele frequency
Gene pool
Sympatric speciation specifically EXCLUDES ____________. A. Temporal isolation B. Geographic isolation C. Behavioral isolation D. Pozt-zygotic barriers
Geographic isolation
Which of the following are most closely related to plants? A. Brown algae B. Red algae C. Green algae D. Slime molds
Green algae
Which of the following would be an example of paedomorphosis? A. Rapid evolution in a small, isolated population B. Insects that can reproduce in larval stages without reaching mature development stages C. Starfish regenerating severed limbs D. Two species evolving a smilir appearance
Insects that can reproduce in larval stages without reaching mature development stages
The founder effect differs from a population bottleneck in that the founder effect _____________. A. Involves the isolation of a small colony of individuals from a larger population B. Is a type of natural selection C. Can occur only on an oceanic island colony D. Requires a small population
Involves the isolation of a small colony of individuals from a larger population
Which of the following prokaryotes aid digestion in cattle, deer, and other animals that obtain nutrition from cellulose? A. Dinoflagellates B. Methanogens C. Cocci D. Halophiles
Methanogens
Gene flow is accomplished by _____________. A. Migration B. Mutation C. Sexual recombination D. Natural selection
Migration
The common house mouse species, Mus musculus, has the following classification: Musculus, Mus , Muridae, Rodentia, Mammalia, Chordata, Animalia, Eukarya. What part of the name is the family? A. Rodentia B. Muridae C. Animalia D. Chordata
Muridae
Which one of the following can create new alleles? A. Mutation B. Genetic drift C. Sexual reproduction D. Natural selection
Mutation
The absence of _______ in the primitive atmosphere was essential to the origin of life on Earth. A. O2 B. N2 C. CO2 D. CH4
O2
Which of the following is an example of sexual selection? A. Cheetahs experienced a population bottleneck B. Female butterflies have a higher survival rate that male butterflies C. Bacteria evolve resistance to antibiotics D. Peahens choose to mate with peacocks that have the most beautiful tails.
Peahens choose to mate with peacocks that have the most beautiful tails.
What kind of protist is this? (click the link) http://static.inaturalist.org/photos/1472108/original.jpg?1420751836 A. Flagellate B. Foram C. Ciliate D. Plasmodial slime mold
Plasmodial slime mold
Eukaryotes that are not fungi, animals, or plants are classified in a "catch-all" category called ____________. A. Seaweeds B. Protists C. Bacteria D. Archaea
Protists
Flagellates, amoebas, apicomplexans, and ciliates are all what type of protist? A. Seaweeds B. Dinoflagellates C. Slime molds D. Protozoans
Protozoans
Why is RNA thought to have been the first genetic material? A. RNA has been found on meteorites B. RNA is structurally simpler than DNA C.Primitive organisms, such as some viruses, have RNA as their genetic material D. RNA is capable of self-replicating
RNA is capable of self-replicating
When two frog species, Rana pippins and Rana sylvatica, mate, the offspring die early in embryonic development. This is an example of ___________. A. Hybrid sterility B. Reduced hybrid fertility C. Mechanical isolation D. Reduced hybrid viability
Reduced hybrid viability
What does evolutionary fitness measure? A. Longevity B. Physical health C. Relative reproductive success D. Population size
Relative reproductive success
Natural selection _____________. A. Prepares organisms for future changes in the environment B. Is a very rare phenomenon C. Results in evolutionary adaptation D. Does not affect allelic frequencies
Results in evolutionary adaptation
____________ are large, multicellular, photosynthetic protists. A. Forams B. Seaweeds C. Dinoflagellates D. Cellular slime molds
Seaweeds
What was the first stage of the process that led to the abiotic origin of life? A. Formation of pre-cells B. Origin of self-replicating molecules C. Synthesis of polymers, such as proteins and nucleic acids D. Synthesis of monomers, such as amino acids and nucleotides.
Synthesis of monomers, such as amino acids and nucleotides.
Which of the following examples results from stabilizing selection? A. Garter snakes with different coloration patterns behave differently when threatened B. There is an increase in the number of different breeds of dogs. C. The birth weight at which newborn humans are most likely to survive and the average birthweight of newborn humans are about the same D. There is an increase in antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria
The birth weight at which newborn humans are most likely to survive and the average birthweight of newborn humans are about the same
All of the following are true EXCEPT one. Choose the exception. A. For most of biological history, life was confined to aquatic habitats. B. The first organisms to colonize land were animals. C. The great diversification of animals occurred during the Cambrian explosian D. The evolution of multicellularity took place after the origin of Eukaryotes
The first organisms to colonize land were animals.
The Permian mass extinction is associated with ___________. A. The diversification of mammals B. The formation of Pangaea C. An asteroid impact D. Global warming
The formation of Pangaea
Which of the following is a characteristic of a population at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? A. The population is subject to natural selection B. Gene flow in and out of the population occurs C. The population is not evolving D. Genetic drift is occuring
The population is not evolving
Which one of the following will prevent significant genetic drift? A. Gene flow is absent B. The population size is large C. There is genetic variation D. There is mutation
The population size is large.
___________ is an example of bioremediation. A. The use of an autoclave to kill endospores B. The use of prokaryotes to treat sewage C. Cyanobactera converting atmospheric nitrogen to a form that plants can use D. A dinoflagellate bloom causing massive fish kills
The use of prokaryotes to treat sewage
Applying the biological species concept, the sterility of ligers reveals that _________. A. Lions are probably subspecies of tigers B. Tigers and lions are separate species C. Tigers and lions are actually the same species D. A new species called "ligers" is forming
Tigers and lions are separate species