BIO41: Chapter 8

अब Quizwiz के साथ अपने होमवर्क और परीक्षाओं को एस करें!

PCR

DNA primers and DNA polymerase are essential for what process?

RNA template

What does reverse transcriptase use in order to synthesize a DNA molecule?

Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates

What provides the energy for DNA polymerization in a PCR reaction?

it can be copied, transcribed, and translated into a desired protein

Why would a recombinant DNA molecule be inserted into a host cell?

recombinant DNA technology

genetic engineering aka

they stimulate the body's immune system to respond to and remember these foreign materials

how do antigens work?

with radioactive isotope or dyes

how do some probes "label" DNA?

desired protein recipe is inserted into bacteria or yeast cells and proteins are synthesized in vast quantities

how is desired protein synthesized?

insert a desirable gene, remove an undesirable gene, or replace a defective gene with a functioning gene

in general, how might recombinant DNA technology be used to prevent a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in a single gene?

genetic engineering

recombinant DNA technology aka

organisms, vectors, restriction enzymes, ligase, DNA synthesizers, DNA sequencers, reverse transcriptase, and probes

what are some tools needed for recombinant DNA

plasmids and viruses

what are some type of vectors used when developing a recombinant DNA?

vaccines that expose you to the pathogen's antigens

what are subunit vaccines?

eliminate undesirable phenotypes, create organisms that produce useful products, and combine beneficial genes

what are the goals of recombinant DNA?

weakened bacteria, viruses, and toxins

what are type of antigens are used as vaccines?

a type of recombinant DNA therapy

what are vaccines?

antigens

what are weakened bacteria, viruses, and toxins?

antigens

what do vaccines contain?

the goals of recombinant DNA

what does eliminating undesirable phenotypes, creating organisms that produce useful products, and combining beneficial genes represent?

complementary DNA

what does reverse transcriptase synthesize?

Hepatitis B

what is a successful example of a subunit vaccine?

the use of microorganisms to make practical products

what is biotechnology?

DNA primers and DNA polymerase

what is essential in PCR?

a type of recombinant DNA therapy

what is gene therapy?

screens for genetic disorders

what is genetic screening used for?

to screen for mutant genes

what is genetic screening used for?

a type of recombinant DNA therapy

what is genetic screening?

they need to be cut by the same restriction enzyme

what is necessary in order for two sticky ends to go together like a puzzle?

entire DNA or specific genes

what is polymerase chain reaction capable of copying?

a type of recombinant DNA therapy

what is protein synthesis?

synthesized DNA

what is recombinant DNA?

vectors

what is responsible for carrying the DNA somewhere new when developing a recombinant DNA?

restriction enzymes

what is responsible for cutting DNA at a specific sequence?

ligase

what is responsible for gluing DNA back together?

restriction enzymes

what is responsible for protecting a bacterial cell from invading phages?

diagnostics

what is term describes finding gene sequences unique to certain pathogens?

it glues DNA back together

what is the function of ligase?

they are used as vectors

what is the function of plasmids and viruses when developing a recombinant DNA?

to cut DNA

what is the function of restriction enzymes?

they carry the DNA somewhere new

what is the function of vectors when developing a recombinant DNA?

find gene sequences unique to certain pathogens

what is the purpose of diagnostics?

defective genes are replaced with normal copies

what is the purpose of gene therapy?

to replicate DNA in a test tube

what is the purpose of polymerase chain reaction?

animal cells, tissues, or organs introduced into the human bodies

what is xenotransplants?

E coli

what organism is well know, well understood and commonly used when developing a recombinant DNA?

replication, transcription, transformation, transduction, and conjugation

what processes are involved in recombinant DNA?

antigens

what stimulates the body's immune system to respond to and remember foreign materials?

probes

what structure uses radioactive isotopes or dyes to label DNA?

PCR and probes

what techniques are used during diagnostics?

recombinant DNA and genetic screening

what technologies are probes used for?

polymerase chain reaction

what term describes DNA replication in a test tube?

genetic screening

what term describes screening for genetic disorders?

palindromes

what term describes sequences that read the same forwards and backwards?

biotechnology

what term describes the use of microorganisms to make practical products?

gene therapy

what therapy is used to replace defective genes with normal copies?

genetic screening

what therapy is used to screen for mutant genes?

probes

what tool is used for genetic screening?

recombinant DNA

what type of DNA does not exist naturally?

subunit vaccines

what type of vaccine exposes you to the pathogen's antigens?

in vaccines

where are antigens found?

at a very specific sequence

where do restriction enzymes cut on a DNA?

because it is well known, well understood

why is E coli so common and valuable organism used when developing a recombinant DNA?

so that the two sticky ends fit together like a puzzle

why is it necessary to cut DNA with the same restriction enzyme?

polymerase chain reaction

PCR aka

reverse transcriptase

Synthesis of cDNA requires the use of

to protect the cell from invading phages

The natural role of restriction enzymes in bacteria is

DNA polymerase

The process known as PCR involves the use of

reverse transcriptase

an RNA template is used to synthesize a DNA molecule during what process?

complementary DNA

cDNA aka

DNA synthesizers and DNA sequencers

what DNA machines are available?

xenotransplants

what are animal cells, tissues, or organs that are introduced into the human body?

protein synthesis, genetic screening, gene therapy, genetically modified organisms, vaccines, diagnositics

what are common recombinant DNA therapies?

providing the energy for DNA polymerization in a PCR reaction

what are deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates responsible for?

sequences the read the same forwards and backwards

what are palindromes?

recombinant DNA techniques

what are placing recombinant DNA in bacteria, polymerase chain reaction, and electrophoresis?

to find a specific complimentary sequence

what are probes used for?

small piece of DNA (or RNA)

what are probes?

processes involved in recombinant DNA

what are replication, transcription, transformation, transduction, and conjugation?

probes

what are small pieces of DNA used to find a specific complimentary sequence?

putting recombinant DNA in bacteria, polymerase chain reaction, and electrophoresis

what are some recombinant DNA techniques used?


संबंधित स्टडी सेट्स

cba international business chapter 16-18

View Set

Erik Erikson's 8 Stages of Psychosocial Development

View Set

troubleshooting methodology/resolving core HW Prob

View Set