BIOL 1001 Nabanita Bhattacharyya

How are DNA and genes related?

**Genes are segments of DNA that direct the formation of a specific characteristic. Genes are the same thing as DNA. There is no relationship between DNA and genes. Genes make up DNA.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living things?

**creating energy being capable of reproduction exhibiting complex organization having DNA as a genetic code responding to stimuli

The innermost electron shell of an atom can hold up to _____ electrons.

32 18 **2 8 1

autotroph, heterotroph

A plant or other organism that can make its own food is known as a(n) _____________. An animal or other organism that cannot make its own food is known as a(n) __________________

prediction

A statement describing an expected observation or outcome of a scientific experiment is known as a(n) ________________

ecosystem

A(n) ___________ consists of all the organisms and their nonliving environment within a given area

prokaryotic, eukaryotic

A(n) _____________ cell lacks a nucleus. A(n) _____________ cell has a "true" membrane-enclosed nucleus.

unicellular, multicellular

Bacteria are _____________, or single-celled, organisms. In contrast, most fungi, plants, and animals are many-celled, or ________________.

Adaptations aid in the survival and reproduction of an organism in a particular environment. True or False

True

Variation among organisms is due to mutations.

True

Which of the following statements about viruses is FALSE?

People can get colds and flus again because the viruses are constantly mutating. If a virus mutates, the immune system may not recognize the virus. **The widespread use of antibiotics has led to resistant strains of viruses. Vaccines are available to prevent several diseases caused by viruses.

Why is combination drug therapy for HIV/AIDS less likely to lead to resistance than single drug therapy?

The drugs improve the immune system so that it is better able to find and remove virus particles. There are fewer side effects associated with combination drug therapy, and the appearance of resistance is directly related to the severity of side effects. **The likelihood of one virus spontaneously mutating to be resistant to several different drugs at the same time is extremely small. In the presence of multiple drugs, the mutation rate of HIV decreases.

Which of these relationships is true of an uncharged atom?

The number of neutrons is equal to the number of protons. The atomic mass is equal to the number of electrons. The number of electrons is equal to the number of neutrons. **The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. The atomic mass is equal to the atomic number.

biology

___________ is the study of living things.

Deductive Reasoning

____________________ is the process of generating hypotheses from a well-supported generalization such as a scientific theory.

Suppose you were in charge of sending an unmanned space probe to a new planet in search of life. The probe would be able to collect and test samples and make observations, but the planet is too far away for the probe to be able to bring samples back to Earth. The probe is small and would only be able to run a few tests, so you want to pick a test for evidence of life that is broad enough to incorporate all forms of life as we know it. Which one of the following tests would be the best to use in this situation?

a test for the presence of soil suitable for growing plants **a test for the presence of cells that contain DNA a test for the presence of large organisms capable of movement a test for the presence of things that change size quickly, since it would be an indication of growth and development

Homeostasis is a living organism's

ability to pump blood through the body. attempt to carry out photosynthesis even when there is no sunlight present. ability to hibernate during cold times of the year. attempt to cool off, even when it is cold outside. **ability to maintain constant internal conditions even when environmental conditions change.

Viruses are

alive because they mutate and change over time through evolution. not alive because they can only carry out photosynthesis and not cellular respiration. **not alive because they are not made of cells and require a host cell for reproduction. alive because they often contain DNA.

What determines the types of chemical reactions that an atom participates in?

its atomic number its atomic mass the number of electrons in the innermost electron shell the number of protons it contains **the number of electrons in the outermost electron shell

A cell that lacks organelles is a(n)

member of the Kingdom Plantae. animal cell. **prokaryotic cell. eukaryotic cell.

Which of the following can be found in bacteria, but not viruses?

nucleic acids proteins **a cell membrane genetic material

You observe a plant on your windowsill that is growing at an angle toward the outside. This is an example of a living thing

reproducing. maintaining precise internal conditions. evolving. **responding to stimuli.

Which of these is an example of maintaining a constant internal environment?

running from a dog laughing at a joke eating a sandwich bleeding from a cut **sweating in the sun