BIOL 224 Exam 3

*Which of the following endocrine glands are composed of neural cells?* 1. posterior pituitary gland 2. anterior pituitary gland 3. adrenal medulla 4. adrenal cortex 5. Both 1 and 3 6. Both 2 and 4 7. All of the above

5

*If a drug that suppressed secretion by G cells of the stomach was given at the start of a meal, which of the following would occur?* 1. Decreased endocrine secretion of HCl 2. Decreased exocrine secretion of HCl 3. Decreased endocrine secretion of pepsinogen 4. Decreased exocrine secretion of pepsinogen 5. Decreased endocrine secretion of gastrin 6. Decreased exocrine secretion of gastrin 7. 1 and 3 and 5 8. 2 and 4 and 5

8

*Match the gastric phase on the left (1-3) with the correct description on the right (4-6):* 1. intestinal phase 4. prepares stomach for arrival of food 2. gastric phase 5. stomach empties and decreases secretions 3. cephalic phase 6. stomach secretes juice and mixes food into chyme

1 and 5, 2 and 6, 3 and 4

*During deglutition, which of the following phases is first* a. enteric b. buccal c. pharyngeal d. gastric e. esophagus

b

*Large blood vessels and lymphatics are found in the* a. mucosa b. submucosa c. adventitia d. serosa e. muscularis

b

*All of the following are true of steroid hormones EXCEPT that they* a. are produced by reproductive glands b. are derived from cholesterol c. are produced by the adrenal medulla d. are lipids e. bind to receptors within the cell

c

*In persons with untreated diabetes mellitus all of the following are true, EXCEPT* a. blood glucose levels are very high b. glucose is present in the urine in large amounts c. intracellular and tissue levels of glucose is very high d. a large excretion of urine occurs e. excessive thirst is shown

c

*When a peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell* a. the hormone-receptor complex moves into the cytoplasm b. the cell membrane becomes hyperpolarized c. a second messenger is produced or removed from the cytoplasm d. the hormone is transported to the nucleus where it alters the activity of DNA

c

*A drug that blocks the action of carbonic anhydrase in parietal cells would result in* a. a higher pH during gastric digestion b. a lower pH during gastric digestion c. increased protein digestion in the stomach d. decreased gastrin production e. decreased production of pepsinogen by chief cells

a

*A drug that blocks the action of the hormone cholecystokinin would affect all of the following EXCEPT* a. absorption of water in the large intestines. b. the delivery of bile. c. the composition of pancreatic secretions. d. relaxation of the hepatopancreatic sphincter. e. digestion of lipids and proteins.

a

*Carbohydrate digestion begins in the* a. mouth b. esophagus c. stomach d. duodenum e. ileum

a

*In most cases, the mumps is a viral infection of the ______ glands* a. parotid b. sublingual c. lingual d. submandibular e. mandibular

a

*Products of fat digestion are transported initially by* a. lymphatic vessels b. the arterioles c. veins d. capillaries e. the interstitial fluids

a

*The hormones of the adenohypophysis are called tropic hormones because* a. they stimulate other glands to secrete hormones b. they destroy other hormones c. they inhibit secretion of other hormones d. they inhibit the synthesis of other hormones e. None of these choices are correct

a

*The main action of antidiuretic hormone is* a. increased water conservation by the kidneys b. increase urine output to remove excess fluid c. increased blood pressure by increased Na+ reabsorption d. to stimulate kidney cells to secrete renin e. inhibition of aldosterone

a

*Which of the following elements is necessary for the production of thyroid hormone?* a. iodine b. potassium c. colloid d. sodium e. iron

a

*Brush border enzymes are found in the* a. villi. b. plicae circularis. c. rugae. d. microvilli. e. circular folds.

d

*Carbohydrate digestion begins in the* a. duodenum b. ileum c. stomach d. mouth e. esophagus

d

*Peptide hormones are* a. produced by the adrenal glands b. chemically related to cholesterol c. derived from the amino acid tyrosine d. composed of amino acids e. lipids

d

*The functions of the oral cavity include all of the following, EXCEPT* a. analysis of material before swallowing. b. mechanical processing of food. c. lubrication. d. absorption of monosaccharides. e. digestion of carbohydrates.

d

*The pituitary hormone that promotes ovarian secretion of progesterone and testicular secretion of testosterone is* a. FSH b. GH c. TSH d. LH e. ACTH

d

*Thyroid hormone may increase cellular ATP production by binding to* a. the outer surface of the plasma membrane b. the vesicles c. the inner surface of the plasma membrane d. the mitochondria e. the cytoplasm

d

*Which of the following would be expected in a case of a tumor that causes hyperparathyroidism* a. levels of PYH would be elevated b. calcium ion concentrations in blood would become abnormally high c. bones would become weakened due to loss of calcium d. all of the above e. none of the above

d

*reduction of fluid losses at the kidneys due to the retention of Na+ is the action of* a. antidiuretic hormone b. calcitonin c. cortisone d. aldosterone e. oxytocin

d

The largest percentage of nutrient absorption occurs in the a. Stomach b. Duodenum c. Ileum d. Jejunum e. Large intestine

d

*Liver cells respond to growth hormone by releasing hormones called* a. prostaglandins b. gonadotrophin c. glucocorticoids d. hepatic hormones e. somatomedins

e

*Tom has hepatitis, an inflammation of the liver. Which of the following symptoms would you expect to observe in Tom?* a. blood in the feces b. impaired digestion of protein c. overproduction of blood plasma d. elevated levels of blood glucose e. jaundice

e

*the parathyroid glands produce a hormone that* a. increases the level of sodium ions in the blood b. increases the level of potassium ions in the blood c. stimulates the formation of white blood cells d. increases the level of glucose in the blood e. increases the level of calcium in the blood

e